mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Human Engagement with Realistic AI Combat Pilots

arXiv 2509.26002 ↗First posted 30 Sep 2025cs.AI cs.HC cs.LGcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present a system that enables real-time interaction between human users and agents trained to control fighter jets in simulated 3D air combat scenarios. The agents are trained in a dedicated environment using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning. A communication link is developed to allow seamless deployment of trained agents into VR-Forces, a widely used defense simulation tool for realistic tactical scenarios. This integration allows mixed simulations where human-controlled entities engage with intelligent agents exhibiting distinct combat behaviors. Our interaction model creates new opportunities for human-agent teaming, immersive training, and the exploration of innovative tactics in defense contexts.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 15 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Sep 2025.

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5 of 15 references.

References · 5

  1. 2017Multi-Agent Actor-Critic for Mixed Cooperative-Competitive Environmentscited by 1,558
  2. 2021The Surprising Effectiveness of PPO in Cooperative, Multi-Agent Gamescited by 942
  3. 2024BVR Gym: A Reinforcement Learning Environment for Beyond-Visual-Range Air Combatcited by 3
  4. 2023Autonomous Agent for Beyond Visual Range Air Combat: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approachcited by 2
  5. 2024Loyal Wingman Assessment: Social Navigation for Human-Autonomous Collaboration in Simulated Air Combatcited by 1

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  1. 2025Coordinated Strategies in Realistic Air Combat by Hierarchical Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
  2. 2024A survey of air combat behavior modeling using machine learning
  3. 2025A Hierarchical Hybrid AI Approach: Integrating Deep Reinforcement Learning and Scripted Agents in Combat Simulations
  4. 2025Enhancing Aerial Combat Tactics through Hierarchical Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
  5. 2026BVR Sim: An Open and High-Throughput Environment for Heterogeneous Air-Combat Reinforcement Learning
  6. 2025Light Aircraft Game : Basic Implementation and training results analysis
  7. 2024Mastering the Digital Art of War: Developing Intelligent Combat Simulation Agents for Wargaming Using Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
  8. 2025Explaining Strategic Decisions in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Aerial Combat Tactics