mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Orbis: Overcoming Challenges of Long-Horizon Prediction in Driving World Models

arXiv 2507.13162 ↗First posted 17 Jul 2025cs.CV cs.AI cs.LGcited by 17

On the map: World models → World models for autonomous driving

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Existing world models for autonomous driving struggle with long-horizon generation and generalization to challenging scenarios. In this work, we develop a model using simple design choices, and without additional supervision or sensors, such as maps, depth, or multiple cameras. We show that our model yields state-of-the-art performance, despite having only 469M parameters and being trained on 280h of video data. It particularly stands out in difficult scenarios like turning maneuvers and urban traffic. We test whether discrete token models possibly have advantages over continuous models based on flow matching. To this end, we set up a hybrid tokenizer that is compatible with both approaches and allows for a side-by-side comparison. Our study concludes in favor of the continuous autoregressive model, which is less brittle on individual design choices and more powerful than the model built on discrete tokens. Code, models and qualitative results are publicly available at https://lmb-freiburg.github.io/orbis.github.io/.

Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for autonomous driving, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 76 of its 89 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Jul 2025.

Builds on

76 of 89 references.

Closest ancestors · 11

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025GAIA-2: A Controllable Multi-View Generative World Model for Autonomous Driving26 Mar
  2. 2024DrivingWorld: Constructing World Model for Autonomous Driving via Video GPT27 Dec
  3. 2024DriveDreamer4D: World Models Are Effective Data Machines for 4D Driving Scene Representation17 Oct
  4. 2024Vista: A Generalizable Driving World Model with High Fidelity and Versatile Controllability27 May
  5. 2024GenAD: Generalized Predictive Model for Autonomous Driving14 Mar
  6. 2024DriveDreamer-2: LLM-Enhanced World Models for Diverse Driving Video Generation11 Mar
  7. 2023Driving into the Future: Multiview Visual Forecasting and Planning with World Model for Autonomous Driving29 Nov
  8. 2023ADriver-I: A General World Model for Autonomous Driving22 Nov
  9. 2023GAIA-1: A Generative World Model for Autonomous Driving29 Sep
  10. 2021NuPlan: A closed-loop ML-based planning benchmark for autonomous vehicles22 Jun
  11. 2017CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulator10 Nov

Other references · 65

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  2. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,139
  5. 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,324
  6. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  7. 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,403
  8. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 6,054
  9. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
  10. 2017Neural Discrete Representation Learningcited by 4,712
  11. 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
  12. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,181
38 more
  1. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
  2. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,253
  3. 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasetscited by 2,581
  4. 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,451
  5. 2017FiLM: Visual Reasoning with a General Conditioning Layercited by 2,333
  6. 2024CogVideoX: Text-to-Video Diffusion Models with An Expert Transformercited by 2,261
  7. 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,653
  8. 2025VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformercited by 1,539
  9. 2018World Modelscited by 1,513
  10. 2018BDD100K: A Diverse Driving Dataset for Heterogeneous Multitask Learningcited by 1,288
  11. 2022MaskGIT: Masked Generative Image Transformercited by 1,099
  12. 2024Visual Autoregressive Modeling: Scalable Image Generation via Next-Scale Predictioncited by 1,023
  13. 2020Mastering Atari with Discrete World Modelscited by 1,007
  14. 2019Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Modelscited by 944
  15. 2025Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform for Physical AIcited by 864
  16. 2025V-JEPA 2: Self-Supervised Video Models Enable Understanding, Prediction and Planningcited by 809
  17. 2018Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolutioncited by 785
  18. 2024Genie: Generative Interactive Environmentscited by 747
  19. 2022Autoregressive Image Generation using Residual Quantizationcited by 722
  20. 2021VideoGPT: Video Generation using VQ-VAE and Transformerscited by 658
  21. 2021Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGANcited by 658
  22. 2024Movie Gen: A Cast of Media Foundation Modelscited by 644
  23. 2023Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generationcited by 640
  24. 2023VideoPoet: A Large Language Model for Zero-Shot Video Generationcited by 492
  25. 2022MagicVideo: Efficient Video Generation With Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 465
  26. 2022Latent Video Diffusion Models for High-Fidelity Long Video Generationcited by 388
  27. 2024Pyramidal Flow Matching for Efficient Video Generative Modelingcited by 366
  28. 2022MAGVIT: Masked Generative Video Transformercited by 346
  29. 2022Exploring Video Quality Assessment on User Generated Contents from Aesthetic and Technical Perspectivescited by 320
  30. 2024Diffusion Models Are Real-Time Game Enginescited by 296
  31. 2024Open-Sora Plan: Open-Source Large Video Generation Modelcited by 296
  32. 2024Navigation World Modelscited by 272
  33. 2023Emu Video: Factorizing Text-to-Video Generation by Explicit Image Conditioningcited by 255
  34. 2021One Million Scenes for Autonomous Driving: ONCE Datasetcited by 218
  35. 2024TokenFlow: Unified Image Tokenizer for Multimodal Understanding and Generationcited by 202
  36. 2020Spatial-Temporal Transformer Networks for Traffic Flow Forecastingcited by 180
  37. 2023Panacea: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 168
  38. 2024HART: Efficient Visual Generation with Hybrid Autoregressive Transformercited by 132

50 most cited of 65 All 65 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 13.

17 papers.

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  1. 2025A Comprehensive Survey on World Models for Embodied AIcited by 68
  2. 2026MIND: Benchmarking Memory Consistency and Action Control in World Modelscited by 35
  3. 2025OmniNWM: Omniscient Driving Navigation World Modelscited by 33
  4. 2026DrivingGen: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Generative Video World Models in Autonomous Drivingcited by 21
  5. 2026DriveDreamer-Policy: A Geometry-Grounded World-Action Model for Unified Generation and Planningcited by 17
  6. 2026TruckDrive: Long-Range Autonomous Highway Driving Datasetcited by 5
  7. 2026CausalDrive: Real-time Causal World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
  8. 2026Reasoning models do not yet follow their reasoning in autonomous driving: The KITScenes LongTail Datasetcited by 4
  9. 2026Flow Matching in Feature Space for Stochastic World Modelingcited by 4
  10. 2025What Drives Compositional Generalization in Visual Generative Models? The Importance of Continuous Training Objectivescited by 3
  11. 2026Latent World Models for Automated Driving: A Unified Taxonomy, Evaluation Framework, and Open Challengescited by 3
  12. 2025How Safe Will I Be Given What I Saw? Calibrated Prediction of Safety Chances for Image-Controlled Autonomycited by 1
5 more
  1. 2026Unified Driving Tokens: Representation- and Geometry-Guided Discrete Tokenizer for Driving World Models and Planningcited by 1
  2. 2026CosmosAlign: Adapting a World Foundation Model for Generative Traffic Video Forecastingcited by 1
  3. 2026LSA: Localized Semantic Alignment for Enhancing Temporal Consistency in Traffic Video Generationcited by 0
  4. 2026WorldVLM: Combining World Model Forecasting and Vision-Language Reasoningcited by 0
  5. 2026Relationally Grounded Latent World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025ProphetDWM: A Driving World Model for Rolling Out Future Actions and Videos
  2. 2024InfinityDrive: Breaking Time Limits in Driving World Models
  3. 2026Long-Horizon Consistent and Interaction-Aware World Models for Multi-Style End-to-End Driving
  4. 2026MomWorld: Momentum-Aware Latent World Model for Long-Horizon Autonomous Driving
  5. 2026Orbis 2: A Hierarchical World Model for Driving
  6. 2025Beyond Simulation: Benchmarking World Models for Planning and Causality in Autonomous Driving
  7. 2024Driving in the Occupancy World: Vision-Centric 4D Occupancy Forecasting and Planning via World Models for Autonomous Driving
  8. 2025LongDWM: Cross-Granularity Distillation for Building a Long-Term Driving World Model