mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

MiMo-VL Technical Report

arXiv 2506.03569 ↗First posted 4 Jun 2025cs.CLcited by 115

On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

We open-source MiMo-VL-7B-SFT and MiMo-VL-7B-RL, two powerful vision-language models delivering state-of-the-art performance in both general visual understanding and multimodal reasoning. MiMo-VL-7B-RL outperforms Qwen2.5-VL-7B on 35 out of 40 evaluated tasks, and scores 59.4 on OlympiadBench, surpassing models with up to 78B parameters. For GUI grounding applications, it sets a new standard with 56.1 on OSWorld-G, even outperforming specialized models such as UI-TARS. Our training combines four-stage pre-training (2.4 trillion tokens) with Mixed On-policy Reinforcement Learning (MORL) integrating diverse reward signals. We identify the importance of incorporating high-quality reasoning data with long Chain-of-Thought into pre-training stages, and the benefits of mixed RL despite challenges in simultaneous multi-domain optimization. We also contribute a comprehensive evaluation suite covering 50+ tasks to promote reproducibility and advance the field. The model checkpoints and full evaluation suite are available at https://github.com/XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-VL.

Key facts. Cited by 115 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 63 of its 74 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jun 2025.

Builds on

63 of 74 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Aguvis: Unified Pure Vision Agents for Autonomous GUI Interaction5 Dec
  2. 2024DynaMath: A Dynamic Visual Benchmark for Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning Robustness of Vision Language Models29 Oct
  3. 2024LogicVista: Multimodal LLM Logical Reasoning Benchmark in Visual Contexts6 Jul
  4. 2024We-Math: Does Your Large Multimodal Model Achieve Human-like Mathematical Reasoning?1 Jul
  5. 2024Measuring Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning with MATH-Vision Dataset22 Feb
  6. 2023MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contexts3 Oct
  7. 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?12 Jul
  8. 2022ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoning19 Mar

Other references · 55

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  2. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
  3. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  4. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  5. 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
  6. 2021Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Datasetcited by 5,371
  7. 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,386
  8. 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Controlcited by 3,080
  9. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,879
  10. 2024π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Controlcited by 2,407
  11. 2023MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGIcited by 2,080
  12. 2024HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Frameworkcited by 2,057
38 more
  1. 2024MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,848
  2. 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysiscited by 1,413
  3. 2019Generalized Intersection over Union: A Metric and A Loss for Bounding Box Regressioncited by 1,368
  4. 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
  5. 2023Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Modelscited by 1,228
  6. 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environmentscited by 1,195
  7. 2024OlympiadBench: A Challenging Benchmark for Promoting AGI with Olympiad-Level Bilingual Multimodal Scientific Problemscited by 1,136
  8. 2016Modeling Context in Referring Expressionscited by 1,063
  9. 2024Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Modelscited by 927
  10. 2019DROP: A Reading Comprehension Benchmark Requiring Discrete Reasoning Over Paragraphscited by 903
  11. 2024Cambrian-1: A Fully Open, Vision-Centric Exploration of Multimodal LLMscited by 838
  12. 2016A Diagram Is Worth A Dozen Imagescited by 804
  13. 2023EgoSchema: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Very Long-form Video Language Understandingcited by 680
  14. 2025UI-TARS: Pioneering Automated GUI Interaction with Native Agentscited by 610
  15. 2024MathVerse: Does Your Multi-modal LLM Truly See the Diagrams in Visual Math Problems?cited by 586
  16. 2017TALL: Temporal Activity Localization via Language Querycited by 584
  17. 2024SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agentscited by 567
  18. 2024BLINK: Multimodal Large Language Models Can See but Not Perceivecited by 550
  19. 2024MMMU-Pro: A More Robust Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmarkcited by 512
  20. 2023V*: Guided Visual Search as a Core Mechanism in Multimodal LLMscited by 482
  21. 2023OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 476
  22. 2021InfographicVQAcited by 437
  23. 2024OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agentscited by 378
  24. 2024LMMs-Eval: Reality Check on the Evaluation of Large Multimodal Modelscited by 353
  25. 2024Prismatic VLMs: Investigating the Design Space of Visually-Conditioned Language Modelscited by 339
  26. 2024MME-RealWorld: Could Your Multimodal LLM Challenge High-Resolution Real-World Scenarios that are Difficult for Humans?cited by 292
  27. 2023Demystifying CLIP Datacited by 270
  28. 2025ScreenSpot-Pro: GUI Grounding for Professional High-Resolution Computer Usecited by 254
  29. 2016Modeling Context Between Objects for Referring Expression Understandingcited by 251
  30. 2025Video-MMMU: Evaluating Knowledge Acquisition from Multi-Discipline Professional Videoscited by 236
  31. 2024CharXiv: Charting Gaps in Realistic Chart Understanding in Multimodal LLMscited by 234
  32. 2024MANTIS: Interleaved Multi-Image Instruction Tuningcited by 216
  33. 2023Teaching CLIP to Count to Tencited by 198
  34. 2024SEED-Bench-2-Plus: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models with Text-Rich Visual Comprehensioncited by 146
  35. 2025Scaling Computer-Use Grounding via User Interface Decomposition and Synthesiscited by 139
  36. 2024NVLM: Open Frontier-Class Multimodal LLMscited by 125
  37. 2025MiMo: Unlocking the Reasoning Potential of Language Model -- From Pretraining to Posttrainingcited by 121
  38. 2021WebSRC: A Dataset for Web-Based Structural Reading Comprehensioncited by 100

50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 44; 2026: 71.

115 papers.

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  1. 2025ScaleCUA: Scaling Open-Source Computer Use Agents with Cross-Platform Datacited by 60
  2. 2025TimeLens: Rethinking Video Temporal Grounding with Multimodal LLMscited by 50
  3. 2026BabyVision: Visual Reasoning Beyond Languagecited by 49
  4. 2025Emergent Hierarchical Reasoning in LLMs through Reinforcement Learningcited by 42
  5. 2025OpenMMReasoner: Pushing the Frontiers for Multimodal Reasoning with an Open and General Recipecited by 37
  6. 2026Video-OPD: Efficient Post-Training of Multimodal Large Language Models for Temporal Video Grounding via On-Policy Distillationcited by 36
  7. 2025Learning Only with Images: Visual Reinforcement Learning with Reasoning, Rendering, and Visual Feedbackcited by 32
  8. 2025Visual Document Understanding and Reasoning: A Multi-Agent Collaboration Framework with Agent-Wise Adaptive Test-Time Scalingcited by 30
  9. 2026LocateAnything: Fast and High-Quality Vision-Language Grounding with Parallel Box Decodingcited by 28
  10. 2025VRBench: A Benchmark for Multi-Step Reasoning in Long Narrative Videoscited by 24
  11. 2025Veritas: Generalizable Deepfake Detection via Pattern-Aware Reasoningcited by 23
  12. 2025A Survey on Agentic Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 23
38 more
  1. 2025AirCopBench: A Benchmark for Multi-drone Collaborative Embodied Perception and Reasoningcited by 20
  2. 2025R-4B: Incentivizing General-Purpose Auto-Thinking Capability in MLLMs via Bi-Mode Annealing and Reinforce Learningcited by 18
  3. 2025Conan: Progressive Learning to Reason Like a Detective over Multi-Scale Visual Evidencecited by 18
  4. 2026TSRBench: A Comprehensive Multi-task Multi-modal Time Series Reasoning Benchmark for Generalist Modelscited by 18
  5. 2025M2-Reasoning: Empowering MLLMs with Unified General and Spatial Reasoningcited by 16
  6. 2025DocLens : A Tool-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Long Visual Document Understandingcited by 15
  7. 2026MiroFlow: Towards High-Performance and Robust Open-Source Agent Framework for General Deep Research Taskscited by 15
  8. 2025DeepSketcher: Internalizing Visual Manipulation for Multimodal Reasoningcited by 14
  9. 2025EMIT: Enhancing MLLMs for Industrial Anomaly Detection via Difficulty-Aware GRPOcited by 12
  10. 2025History-Aware Reasoning for GUI Agentscited by 11
  11. 2026Vero: An Open RL Recipe for General Visual Reasoningcited by 11
  12. 2025VisRAG2.0: Mitigating Visual Hallucinations via Evidence-Guided Multi-Image Reasoning in Visual Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 10
  13. 2025Reinforcement Learning for Large Model: A Surveycited by 9
  14. 2025GroundingME: Exposing the Visual Grounding Gap in MLLMs through Multi-Dimensional Evaluationcited by 9
  15. 2026MMR-Life: Piecing Together Real-life Scenes for Multimodal Multi-image Reasoningcited by 9
  16. 2025Video-LMM Post-Training: A Deep Dive into Video Reasoning with Large Multimodal Modelscited by 8
  17. 2025Small Drafts, Big Verdict: Information-Intensive Visual Reasoning via Speculationcited by 8
  18. 2025VL-RouterBench: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Model Routingcited by 8
  19. 2026Innovator-VL: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Scientific Discoverycited by 8
  20. 2026From Narrow to Panoramic Vision: Attention-Guided Cold-Start Reshapes Multimodal Reasoningcited by 8
  21. 2026PatchCue: Enhancing Vision-Language Model Reasoning with Patch-Based Visual Cuescited by 8
  22. 2025I2I-Bench: A Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for Image-to-Image Editing Modelscited by 7
  23. 2026Bad Seeing or Bad Thinking? Rewarding Perception for Multimodal Reasoningcited by 7
  24. 2025BigCodeArena: Unveiling More Reliable Human Preferences in Code Generation via Executioncited by 6
  25. 2026Beyond Unimodal Shortcuts: MLLMs as Cross-Modal Reasoners for Grounded Named Entity Recognitioncited by 6
  26. 2026DeepVision-103K: A Visually Diverse, Broad-Coverage, and Verifiable Mathematical Dataset for Multimodal Reasoningcited by 6
  27. 2026Unleashing Spatial Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models via Textual Representation Guided Reasoningcited by 6
  28. 2026Hide to See: Reasoning-prefix Masking for Visual-anchored Thinking in VLM Distillationcited by 6
  29. 2026From Chatbot to Digital Colleague: The Paradigm Shift Toward Persistent Autonomous AIcited by 6
  30. 2026Self in Space: Benchmarking Self-Awareness and Spatial Cognition in UAV Embodied Intelligencecited by 6
  31. 2025VKnowU: Evaluating Visual Knowledge Understanding in Multimodal LLMscited by 5
  32. 2025A Benchmark for Omni-Modal Reasoning in Long Videoscited by 5
  33. 2026Visual Preference Optimization with Rubric Rewardscited by 5
  34. 2026OMIBench: Benchmarking Olympiad-Level Multi-Image Reasoning in Large Vision-Language Modelcited by 5
  35. 2025TIT-Score: Evaluating Long-Prompt Based Text-to-Image Alignment via Text-to-Image-to-Text Consistencycited by 4
  36. 2025ARM2: Adaptive Reasoning Model with Vision Understanding and Executable Codecited by 4
  37. 2025TriDF: Evaluating Perception, Detection, and Hallucination for Interpretable DeepFake Detectioncited by 4
  38. 2025CARE What Fails: Contrastive Anchored-REflection for Verifiable Multimodal Reasoningcited by 4

50 most cited of 115 All 115 (JSON)

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  5. 2025VLM-R1: A Stable and Generalizable R1-style Large Vision-Language Model
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  7. 2024VLASCD: A Visual Language Action Model for Simultaneous Chatting and Decision Making
  8. 2025Reassessing the Role of Supervised Fine-Tuning: An Empirical Study in VLM Reasoning