SUPER: Evaluating Agents on Setting Up and Executing Tasks from Research Repositories
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Given that Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in writing code, can they now be used to autonomously reproduce results from research repositories? Such a capability would be a boon to the research community, helping researchers validate, understand, and extend prior work. To advance towards this goal, we introduce SUPER, the first benchmark designed to evaluate the capability of LLMs in setting up and executing tasks from research repositories. SUPERaims to capture the realistic challenges faced by researchers working with Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) research repositories. Our benchmark comprises three distinct problem sets: 45 end-to-end problems with annotated expert solutions, 152 sub problems derived from the expert set that focus on specific challenges (e.g., configuring a trainer), and 602 automatically generated problems for larger-scale development. We introduce various evaluation measures to assess both task success and progress, utilizing gold solutions when available or approximations otherwise. We show that state-of-the-art approaches struggle to solve these problems with the best model (GPT-4o) solving only 16.3% of the end-to-end set, and 46.1% of the scenarios. This illustrates the challenge of this task, and suggests that SUPER can serve as a valuable resource for the community to make and measure progress.
Key facts. Cited by 52 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 40 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Sep 2024.
Builds on
40 of 53 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Data Interpreter: An LLM Agent For Data Science28 Feb
- 2024WebVoyager: Building an End-to-End Web Agent with Large Multimodal Models25 Jan
- 2023MLAgentBench: Evaluating Language Agents on Machine Learning Experimentation5 Oct
- 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agents25 Jul
- 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agents4 Jul
Other references · 35
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
- 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
- 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 4,064
- 2021Program Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 3,509
- 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
- 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,193
- 2024LiveCodeBench: Holistic and Contamination Free Evaluation of Large Language Models for Codecited by 1,906
- 2024SWE-agent: Agent-Computer Interfaces Enable Automated Software Engineeringcited by 1,628
- 2022Competition-Level Code Generation with AlphaCodecited by 1,427
- 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIscited by 1,302
23 more
- 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environmentscited by 1,134
- 2023GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistantscited by 1,084
- 2022Measuring and Narrowing the Compositionality Gap in Language Modelscited by 1,054
- 2021Measuring Coding Challenge Competence With APPScited by 879
- 2023API-Bank: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Tool-Augmented LLMscited by 574
- 2024Executable Code Actions Elicit Better LLM Agentscited by 537
- 2022DS-1000: A Natural and Reliable Benchmark for Data Science Code Generationcited by 442
- 2023RepoCoder: Repository-Level Code Completion Through Iterative Retrieval and Generationcited by 357
- 2023RepoBench: Benchmarking Repository-Level Code Auto-Completion Systemscited by 346
- 2024tinyBenchmarks: evaluating LLMs with fewer examplescited by 295
- 2023MINT: Evaluating LLMs in Multi-turn Interaction with Tools and Language Feedbackcited by 293
- 2023FireAct: Toward Language Agent Fine-tuningcited by 247
- 2023CrossCodeEval: A Diverse and Multilingual Benchmark for Cross-File Code Completioncited by 181
- 2023ClassEval: A Manually-Crafted Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Class-level Code Generationcited by 166
- 2023TaskBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Task Automationcited by 138
- 2022MultiPL-E: A Scalable and Extensible Approach to Benchmarking Neural Code Generationcited by 132
- 2024DISCOVERYWORLD: A Virtual Environment for Developing and Evaluating Automated Scientific Discovery Agentscited by 89
- 2023Agent Lumos: Unified and Modular Training for Open-Source Language Agentscited by 72
- 2024Large Language Model Agent for Hyper-Parameter Optimizationcited by 62
- 2023Can It Edit? Evaluating the Ability of Large Language Models to Follow Code Editing Instructionscited by 46
- 2022FixEval: Execution-based Evaluation of Program Fixes for Programming Problemscited by 17
- 2023Computational reproducibility of Jupyter notebooks from biomedical publicationscited by 6
- 2023NLP Reproducibility For All: Understanding Experiences of Beginnerscited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 28; 2026: 21.
52 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2025SWE-smith: Scaling Data for Software Engineering Agentscited by 255
- 2024Agent-as-a-Judge: Evaluate Agents with Agentscited by 223
- 2025Survey on Evaluation of LLM-based Agentscited by 190
- 2024RE-Bench: Evaluating frontier AI R&D capabilities of language model agents against human expertscited by 153
- 2025MLGym: A New Framework and Benchmark for Advancing AI Research Agentscited by 111
- 2025BixBench: a Comprehensive Benchmark for LLM-based Agents in Computational Biologycited by 75
- 2025LLM Agents for Education: Advances and Applicationscited by 59
- 2026ProgramBench: Can Language Models Rebuild Programs From Scratch?cited by 47
- 2025LLM Agents Making Agent Toolscited by 45
- 2025EnvBench: A Benchmark for Automated Environment Setupcited by 36
- 2025ResearchCodeBench: Benchmarking LLMs on Implementing Novel Machine Learning Research Codecited by 34
- 2025AutoReproduce: Automatic AI Experiment Reproduction with Paper Lineagecited by 29
38 more
- 2025Large Language Model-based Data Science Agent: A Surveycited by 22
- 2025Multimodal DeepResearcher: Generating Text-Chart Interleaved Reports From Scratch with Agentic Frameworkcited by 20
- 2025Exploring Autonomous Agents: A Closer Look at Why They Fail When Completing Taskscited by 20
- 2026SWE-Marathon: Can Agents Autonomously Complete Ultra-Long-Horizon Software Work?cited by 19
- 2025RExBench: Can coding agents autonomously implement AI research extensions?cited by 17
- 2025TimeSeriesGym: A Scalable Benchmark for (Time Series) Machine Learning Engineering Agentscited by 14
- 2025The Measurement Imbalance in Agentic AI Evaluation Undermines Industry Productivity Claimscited by 13
- 2025RepoST: Scalable Repository-Level Coding Environment Construction with Sandbox Testingcited by 12
- 2026How Well Does Agent Development Reflect Real-World Work?cited by 10
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
- 2026WebGameBench: Requirement-to-Application Evaluation for Coding Agents via Browser-Native Gamescited by 9
- 2025From Hypothesis to Publication: A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Driven Research Support Systemscited by 8
- 2025NetArena: Dynamic Benchmarks for AI Agents in Network Automationcited by 8
- 2026MLReplicate: Benchmarking Autonomous Research Systems for Machine Learning Reproducibilitycited by 6
- 2026Autonomous Research Agents: A Survey of AI Scientists and the Verification Gapcited by 6
- 2024TrajAgent: An LLM-Agent Framework for Trajectory Modeling via Large-and-Small Model Collaborationcited by 5
- 2025The KoLMogorov Test: Compression by Code Generationcited by 5
- 2025CFDLLMBench: A Benchmark Suite for Evaluating Large Language Models in Computational Fluid Dynamicscited by 5
- 2026SWE-bench Science: Can Coding Agents Resolve Engineering Tasks in Science?cited by 5
- 2025Measuring Data Science Automation: A Survey of Evaluation Tools for AI Assistants and Agentscited by 4
- 2025Leveraging In-Context Learning for Language Model Agentscited by 4
- 2026ResearchEnvBench: Benchmarking Agents on Environment Synthesis for Research Code Executioncited by 3
- 2026MDGYM: Benchmarking AI Agents on Molecular Simulationscited by 3
- 2025Throttling Web Agents Using Reasoning Gatescited by 2
- 2025Empowering Real-World: A Survey on the Technology, Practice, and Evaluation of LLM-driven Industry Agentscited by 2
- 2026Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Visioncited by 2
- 2025IDRBench: Understanding the Capability of Large Language Models on Interdisciplinary Researchcited by 1
- 2026SetupX: Can LLM Agents Learn from Past Failures in Functionality-Correct Code Repository Setup?cited by 1
- 2026Automated Transcript Analysis for Detecting Flaws in Agentic Benchmarkscited by 1
- 2025A Computational Theory for Efficient Mini Agent Evaluation with Causal Guaranteescited by 0
- 2025CodeDistiller: Automatically Generating Code Libraries for Scientific Coding Agentscited by 0
- 2026Evaluating LLM Agents on Automated Software Analysis Taskscited by 0
- 2026ArtifactLinker: Linking Scientific Artifacts for Automatic State-of-the-Art Discoverycited by 0
- 2026BTS-AgentBench: A Deterministic, Replayable Pipeline from Read-Only Telemetry Logs to Agent Benchmarkscited by 0
- 2026Dude: A Dual-Detection Multi-Agent System for Paper-Code Discrepancy Detectioncited by 0
- 2026BlueprintAgent: Constraint-Triggered Targeted Revisits for Simulation-Ready Generation from Scanned Structural Blueprintscited by 0
- 2026One to More, More to One: Category-Aware Iterative Expert Training for Software Engineering Agentscited by 0
- 2026RECLAIM: Can Agents Reproduce the Claims of Machine Learning Papers?cited by 0
50 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)
- 2026Agents Are Systems, Not Models: Rethinking Agentic Evaluation1 Oct 2026
- 2026CompMat-Bench: Benchmarking AI Agents for Computational Materials Science30 Sep 2026
- 2026RECLAIM: Can Agents Reproduce the Claims of Machine Learning Papers?23 Sep 2026
- 2026One to More, More to One: Category-Aware Iterative Expert Training for Software Engineering Agents20 Sep 2026
- 2026BlueprintAgent: Constraint-Triggered Targeted Revisits for Simulation-Ready Generation from Scanned Structural Blueprints7 Sep 2026
- 2026Dude: A Dual-Detection Multi-Agent System for Paper-Code Discrepancy Detection3 Sep 2026
- 2026BTS-AgentBench: A Deterministic, Replayable Pipeline from Read-Only Telemetry Logs to Agent Benchmarks27 Aug 2026
- 2026SWE-bench Science: Can Coding Agents Resolve Engineering Tasks in Science?20 Aug 2026
- 2026Automated Transcript Analysis for Detecting Flaws in Agentic Benchmarks29 Jul 2026
- 2026Autonomous Research Agents: A Survey of AI Scientists and the Verification Gap29 Jun 2026
- 2026SWE-Marathon: Can Agents Autonomously Complete Ultra-Long-Horizon Software Work?5 Jun 2026
- 2026SetupX: Can LLM Agents Learn from Past Failures in Functionality-Correct Code Repository Setup?25 May 2026
38 more
- 2026WebGameBench: Requirement-to-Application Evaluation for Coding Agents via Browser-Native Games17 May 2026
- 2026ArtifactLinker: Linking Scientific Artifacts for Automatic State-of-the-Art Discovery16 May 2026
- 2026MLReplicate: Benchmarking Autonomous Research Systems for Machine Learning Reproducibility15 May 2026
- 2026MDGYM: Benchmarking AI Agents on Molecular Simulations9 May 2026
- 2026ProgramBench: Can Language Models Rebuild Programs From Scratch?5 May 2026
- 2026Evaluating LLM Agents on Automated Software Analysis Tasks13 Apr 2026
- 2026Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Vision31 Mar 2026
- 2026ResearchEnvBench: Benchmarking Agents on Environment Synthesis for Research Code Execution6 Mar 2026
- 2026How Well Does Agent Development Reflect Real-World Work?1 Mar 2026
- 2025CodeDistiller: Automatically Generating Code Libraries for Scientific Coding Agents30 Nov 2025
- 2025Empowering Real-World: A Survey on the Technology, Practice, and Evaluation of LLM-driven Industry Agents20 Oct 2025
- 2025CFDLLMBench: A Benchmark Suite for Evaluating Large Language Models in Computational Fluid Dynamics19 Sep 2025
- 2025Throttling Web Agents Using Reasoning Gates1 Sep 2025
- 2025Exploring Autonomous Agents: A Closer Look at Why They Fail When Completing Tasks18 Aug 2025
- 2025Large Language Model-based Data Science Agent: A Survey2 Aug 2025
- 2025IDRBench: Understanding the Capability of Large Language Models on Interdisciplinary Research21 Jul 2025
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluator16 Jul 2025
- 2025RExBench: Can coding agents autonomously implement AI research extensions?27 Jun 2025
- 2025Leveraging In-Context Learning for Language Model Agents16 Jun 2025
- 2025Measuring Data Science Automation: A Survey of Evaluation Tools for AI Assistants and Agents10 Jun 2025
- 2025NetArena: Dynamic Benchmarks for AI Agents in Network Automation3 Jun 2025
- 2025Multimodal DeepResearcher: Generating Text-Chart Interleaved Reports From Scratch with Agentic Framework3 Jun 2025
- 2025ResearchCodeBench: Benchmarking LLMs on Implementing Novel Machine Learning Research Code2 Jun 2025
- 2025The Measurement Imbalance in Agentic AI Evaluation Undermines Industry Productivity Claims1 Jun 2025
- 2025AutoReproduce: Automatic AI Experiment Reproduction with Paper Lineage27 May 2025
- 2025TimeSeriesGym: A Scalable Benchmark for (Time Series) Machine Learning Engineering Agents19 May 2025
- 2025SWE-smith: Scaling Data for Software Engineering Agents30 Apr 2025
- 2025A Computational Theory for Efficient Mini Agent Evaluation with Causal Guarantees27 Mar 2025
- 2025Survey on Evaluation of LLM-based Agents20 Mar 2025
- 2025EnvBench: A Benchmark for Automated Environment Setup18 Mar 2025
- 2025The KoLMogorov Test: Compression by Code Generation18 Mar 2025
- 2025LLM Agents for Education: Advances and Applications14 Mar 2025
- 2025RepoST: Scalable Repository-Level Coding Environment Construction with Sandbox Testing10 Mar 2025
- 2025From Hypothesis to Publication: A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Driven Research Support Systems3 Mar 2025
- 2025BixBench: a Comprehensive Benchmark for LLM-based Agents in Computational Biology28 Feb 2025
- 2025MLGym: A New Framework and Benchmark for Advancing AI Research Agents20 Feb 2025
- 2025LLM Agents Making Agent Tools17 Feb 2025
- 2024RE-Bench: Evaluating frontier AI R&D capabilities of language model agents against human experts22 Nov 2024
50 newest of 52 All 52 (JSON)
- 2025SWE-smith: Scaling Data for Software Engineering Agentscited by 255
- 2024Agent-as-a-Judge: Evaluate Agents with Agentscited by 223
- 2025Survey on Evaluation of LLM-based Agentscited by 190
- 2024RE-Bench: Evaluating frontier AI R&D capabilities of language model agents against human expertscited by 153
- 2025MLGym: A New Framework and Benchmark for Advancing AI Research Agentscited by 111
- 2025BixBench: a Comprehensive Benchmark for LLM-based Agents in Computational Biologycited by 75
- 2025LLM Agents for Education: Advances and Applicationscited by 59
- 2025LLM Agents Making Agent Toolscited by 45
- 2025Large Language Model-based Data Science Agent: A Surveycited by 22
- 2025Multimodal DeepResearcher: Generating Text-Chart Interleaved Reports From Scratch with Agentic Frameworkcited by 20
- 2025Exploring Autonomous Agents: A Closer Look at Why They Fail When Completing Taskscited by 20
- 2025RExBench: Can coding agents autonomously implement AI research extensions?cited by 17
12 most cited of 31 All 31 (JSON)
- 2026Agents Are Systems, Not Models: Rethinking Agentic Evaluation1 Oct 2026
- 2026CompMat-Bench: Benchmarking AI Agents for Computational Materials Science30 Sep 2026
- 2026RECLAIM: Can Agents Reproduce the Claims of Machine Learning Papers?23 Sep 2026
- 2026One to More, More to One: Category-Aware Iterative Expert Training for Software Engineering Agents20 Sep 2026
- 2026Dude: A Dual-Detection Multi-Agent System for Paper-Code Discrepancy Detection3 Sep 2026
- 2026BTS-AgentBench: A Deterministic, Replayable Pipeline from Read-Only Telemetry Logs to Agent Benchmarks27 Aug 2026
- 2026SWE-bench Science: Can Coding Agents Resolve Engineering Tasks in Science?20 Aug 2026
- 2026Automated Transcript Analysis for Detecting Flaws in Agentic Benchmarks29 Jul 2026
- 2026Autonomous Research Agents: A Survey of AI Scientists and the Verification Gap29 Jun 2026
- 2026SetupX: Can LLM Agents Learn from Past Failures in Functionality-Correct Code Repository Setup?25 May 2026
- 2026WebGameBench: Requirement-to-Application Evaluation for Coding Agents via Browser-Native Games17 May 2026
- 2026MDGYM: Benchmarking AI Agents on Molecular Simulations9 May 2026
12 newest of 31 All 31 (JSON)
- 2026ProgramBench: Can Language Models Rebuild Programs From Scratch?cited by 47
- 2025EnvBench: A Benchmark for Automated Environment Setupcited by 36
- 2025ResearchCodeBench: Benchmarking LLMs on Implementing Novel Machine Learning Research Codecited by 34
- 2025AutoReproduce: Automatic AI Experiment Reproduction with Paper Lineagecited by 29
- 2026SWE-Marathon: Can Agents Autonomously Complete Ultra-Long-Horizon Software Work?cited by 19
- 2025RepoST: Scalable Repository-Level Coding Environment Construction with Sandbox Testingcited by 12
- 2026How Well Does Agent Development Reflect Real-World Work?cited by 10
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
- 2025From Hypothesis to Publication: A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Driven Research Support Systemscited by 8
- 2025NetArena: Dynamic Benchmarks for AI Agents in Network Automationcited by 8
- 2026MLReplicate: Benchmarking Autonomous Research Systems for Machine Learning Reproducibilitycited by 6
- 2025The KoLMogorov Test: Compression by Code Generationcited by 5
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026BlueprintAgent: Constraint-Triggered Targeted Revisits for Simulation-Ready Generation from Scanned Structural Blueprints7 Sep 2026
- 2026SWE-Marathon: Can Agents Autonomously Complete Ultra-Long-Horizon Software Work?5 Jun 2026
- 2026ArtifactLinker: Linking Scientific Artifacts for Automatic State-of-the-Art Discovery16 May 2026
- 2026MLReplicate: Benchmarking Autonomous Research Systems for Machine Learning Reproducibility15 May 2026
- 2026ProgramBench: Can Language Models Rebuild Programs From Scratch?5 May 2026
- 2026Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Vision31 Mar 2026
- 2026ResearchEnvBench: Benchmarking Agents on Environment Synthesis for Research Code Execution6 Mar 2026
- 2026How Well Does Agent Development Reflect Real-World Work?1 Mar 2026
- 2025CFDLLMBench: A Benchmark Suite for Evaluating Large Language Models in Computational Fluid Dynamics19 Sep 2025
- 2025IDRBench: Understanding the Capability of Large Language Models on Interdisciplinary Research21 Jul 2025
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluator16 Jul 2025
- 2025NetArena: Dynamic Benchmarks for AI Agents in Network Automation3 Jun 2025
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025LMR-BENCH: Evaluating LLM Agent's Ability on Reproducing Language Modeling Research
- 2025ResearchGPT: Benchmarking and Training LLMs for End-to-End Computer Science Research Workflows
- 2026ResearchGym: Evaluating Language Model Agents on Real-World AI Research
- 2026FARS: A Fully Automated Research System Deployed at Scale
- 2025SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines
- 2025SuperWriter: Reflection-Driven Long-Form Generation with Large Language Models
- 2024ScienceAgentBench: Toward Rigorous Assessment of Language Agents for Data-Driven Scientific Discovery
- 2023Enhancing Open-Domain Task-Solving Capability of LLMs via Autonomous Tool Integration from GitHub