mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

TinyAgent: Function Calling at the Edge

arXiv 2409.00608 ↗First posted 1 Sep 2024cs.CL cs.LGcited by 55

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Tool learning and function calling

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of advanced agentic systems that can integrate various tools and APIs to fulfill user queries through function calling. However, the deployment of these LLMs on the edge has not been explored since they typically require cloud-based infrastructure due to their substantial model size and computational demands. To this end, we present TinyAgent, an end-to-end framework for training and deploying task-specific small language model agents capable of function calling for driving agentic systems at the edge. We first show how to enable accurate function calling for open-source models via the LLMCompiler framework. We then systematically curate a high-quality dataset for function calling, which we use to fine-tune two small language models, TinyAgent-1.1B and 7B. For efficient inference, we introduce a novel tool retrieval method to reduce the input prompt length and utilize quantization to further accelerate the inference speed. As a driving application, we demonstrate a local Siri-like system for Apple's MacBook that can execute user commands through text or voice input. Our results show that our models can achieve, and even surpass, the function-calling capabilities of larger models like GPT-4-Turbo, while being fully deployed at the edge. We open-source our dataset, models, and installable package and provide a demo video for our MacBook assistant agent.

Key facts. Cited by 55 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Tool learning and function calling, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 32 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Sep 2024.

Builds on

32 of 41 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Octopus: On-device language model for function calling of software APIs2 Apr
  2. 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs31 Jul
  3. 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs24 May
  4. 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools9 Feb

Other references · 28

  1. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  2. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  3. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  4. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  5. 2022Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructionscited by 2,674
  6. 2021DeBERTaV3: Improving DeBERTa using ELECTRA-Style Pre-Training with Gradient-Disentangled Embedding Sharingcited by 1,219
  7. 2023HuggingGPT: Solving AI Tasks with ChatGPT and its Friends in Hugging Facecited by 1,173
  8. 2023LIMA: Less Is More for Alignmentcited by 1,080
  9. 2021A Survey of Quantization Methods for Efficient Neural Network Inferencecited by 798
  10. 2024TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Modelcited by 604
  11. 2024AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agentscited by 450
  12. 2023Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Controlcited by 314
16 more
  1. 2023Specializing Smaller Language Models towards Multi-Step Reasoningcited by 249
  2. 2023Large Language Model as Attributed Training Data Generator: A Tale of Diversity and Biascited by 230
  3. 2021GPT3Mix: Leveraging Large-scale Language Models for Text Augmentationcited by 185
  4. 2023TaskMatrix.AI: Completing Tasks by Connecting Foundation Models with Millions of APIscited by 184
  5. 2023An LLM Compiler for Parallel Function Callingcited by 170
  6. 2020Data Augmentation using Pre-trained Transformer Modelscited by 168
  7. 2024Android in the Zoo: Chain-of-Action-Thought for GUI Agentscited by 156
  8. 2024UFO: A UI-Focused Agent for Windows OS Interactioncited by 147
  9. 2023AugGPT: Leveraging ChatGPT for Text Data Augmentationcited by 128
  10. 2023Rephrase and Respond: Let Large Language Models Ask Better Questions for Themselvescited by 123
  11. 2024LLM2LLM: Boosting LLMs with Novel Iterative Data Enhancementcited by 69
  12. 2023TinyGSM: achieving >80% on GSM8k with small language modelscited by 68
  13. 2023MM-LIMA: Less Is More for Alignment in Multi-Modal Datasetscited by 61
  14. 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurationscited by 54
  15. 2023ZeroShotDataAug: Generating and Augmenting Training Data with ChatGPTcited by 32
  16. 2023Using GPT-4 to Augment Unbalanced Data for Automatic Scoringcited by 20

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 25; 2026: 24.

55 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025Plan-and-Act: Improving Planning of Agents for Long-Horizon Taskscited by 190
  2. 2024Hammer: Robust Function-Calling for On-Device Language Models via Function Maskingcited by 53
  3. 2025MARFT: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 51
  4. 2025Distilling LLM Agent into Small Models with Retrieval and Code Toolscited by 41
  5. 2025GUI-Xplore: Empowering Generalizable GUI Agents with One Explorationcited by 25
  6. 2024Efficient and Scalable Estimation of Tool Representations in Vector Spacecited by 22
  7. 2025LongFuncEval: Measuring the effectiveness of long context models for function callingcited by 17
  8. 2026ToolGate: Contract-Grounded and Verified Tool Execution for LLMscited by 13
  9. 2025HiPerRAG: High-Performance Retrieval Augmented Generation for Scientific Insightscited by 11
  10. 2025Agent.xpu: Efficient Scheduling of Agentic LLM Workloads on Heterogeneous SoCcited by 11
  11. 2025Generalizability of Large Language Model-Based Agents: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 10
  12. 2025Automating High Energy Physics Data Analysis with LLM-Powered Agentscited by 10
38 more
  1. 2025Bridging AI and Software Security: A Comparative Vulnerability Assessment of LLM Agent Deployment Paradigmscited by 7
  2. 2025Dynamic Tool Dependency Retrieval for Lightweight Function Callingcited by 7
  3. 2026Agentic Test-Time Scaling for WebAgentscited by 7
  4. 2025Toward Super Agent System with Hybrid AI Routerscited by 6
  5. 2025DICE-BENCH: Evaluating the Tool-Use Capabilities of Large Language Models in Multi-Round, Multi-Party Dialoguescited by 6
  6. 2025Don't Adapt Small Language Models for Tools; Adapt Tool Schemas to the Modelscited by 6
  7. 2024Natural GaLore: Accelerating GaLore for memory-efficient LLM Training and Fine-tuningcited by 4
  8. 2024DroidCall: A Dataset for LLM-powered Android Intent Invocationcited by 4
  9. 2025TinyLLM: Evaluation and Optimization of Small Language Models for Agentic Tasks on Edge Devicescited by 4
  10. 2026Agent-X: Full Pipeline Acceleration of On-device AI Agentscited by 4
  11. 2025Small Language Models (SLMs) Can Still Pack a Punch: A survey (updated 2026)cited by 2
  12. 2025Every Software as an Agent: Blueprint and Case Studycited by 2
  13. 2025AgentFlux: Decoupled Fine-Tuning & Inference for On-Device Agentic Systemscited by 2
  14. 2025ToolPRM: Fine-Grained Inference Scaling of Structured Outputs for Function Callingcited by 2
  15. 2025ScaleCall -- Agentic Tool Calling at Scale for Fintech: Challenges, Methods, and Deployment Insightscited by 2
  16. 2026Concurrency without Model Changes: Future-based Asynchronous Function Calling for LLMscited by 2
  17. 2024Bridging Today and the Future of Humanity: AI Safety in 2024 and Beyondcited by 1
  18. 2024Less is More: Optimizing Function Calling for LLM Execution on Edge Devicescited by 1
  19. 2025CarbonCall: Sustainability-Aware Function Calling for Large Language Models on Edge Devicescited by 1
  20. 2025Replacing thinking with tool usage enables reasoning in small language modelscited by 1
  21. 2025Advancing SLM Tool-Use Capability using Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
  22. 2025Efficient On-Device Agents via Adaptive Context Managementcited by 1
  23. 2025CFD-copilot: leveraging domain-adapted large language model and model context protocol to enhance simulation automationcited by 1
  24. 2026Multilinguality at the Edge: Developing Language Models for the Global Southcited by 1
  25. 2026Learn from Weaknesses: Automated Domain Specialization for Small Computer-Use Agentscited by 1
  26. 2026Evoflux: Inference-Time Evolution of Executable Tool Workflows for Compact Agentscited by 1
  27. 2026Making Prospective Memory SLM-Shaped: Typed Intention Stores for Small-Model Agentscited by 1
  28. 2026Carbon-Aware Routing for Function Calling in Edge-Cloud LLM Systemscited by 1
  29. 2026STAR: Similarity-guided Teacher-Assisted Refinement for Super-Tiny Function Calling Modelscited by 0
  30. 2026Runtime Burden Allocation for Structured LLM Routing in Agentic Expert Systems: A Full-Factorial Cross-Backend Methodologycited by 0
  31. 2026Training the Orchestrator: A Supervised Approach to End-to-End PDDL Planning with LLM Agentscited by 0
  32. 2026Tool-Adaptive LLM Rerankercited by 0
  33. 2026Eta Given Delta: Defining LLM Tool Efficiency With Marginal Tool Utilitycited by 0
  34. 2026Below the Noise Floor: Bimodal Seed Collapse and Distinct Failure Modes in Small-Model Knowledge Distillationcited by 0
  35. 2026GeoAgent: Evaluating VLM Geolocalization Through Embodied Navigationcited by 0
  36. 2026From Fixed Keys to Readable Schemas: Small Language Models for Vehicle Agent Function Callscited by 0
  37. 2026AGENTQ: Quantization-Conditioned Backdoor Attacks on LLM Agentscited by 0
  38. 2026Selection Is Retrieval, Abstention Is Not: On-Device Tool Routing over 70 Korean-English Actionscited by 0

50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)

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  1. 2024Granite-Function Calling Model: Introducing Function Calling Abilities via Multi-task Learning of Granular Tasks
  2. 2026Small Reasoning Models are Instruction Followers in Function Calling
  3. 2025Small Models, Big Tasks: An Exploratory Empirical Study on Small Language Models for Function Calling
  4. 2024ToolACE: Winning the Points of LLM Function Calling
  5. 2026Rethinking Scale: Deployment Trade-offs of Small Language Models under Agent Paradigms
  6. 2024Benchmarking Floworks against OpenAI & Anthropic: A Novel Framework for Enhanced LLM Function Calling
  7. 2026HyFunc: Accelerating LLM-based Function Calls for Agentic AI through Hybrid-Model Cascade and Dynamic Templating
  8. 2025Small Language Models are the Future of Agentic AI