mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

ScaleCall -- Agentic Tool Calling at Scale for Fintech: Challenges, Methods, and Deployment Insights

arXiv 2511.00074 ↗First posted 29 Oct 2025cs.SEcited by 2

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Tool learning and function calling

Abstract (arXiv)

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at tool calling, deploying these capabilities in regulated enterprise environments such as fintech presents unique challenges due to on-premises constraints, regulatory compliance requirements, and the need to disambiguate large, functionally overlapping toolsets. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of tool retrieval methods for enterprise environments through the development and deployment of ScaleCall, a prototype tool-calling framework within Mastercard designed for orchestrating internal APIs and automating data engineering workflows. We systematically evaluate embedding-based retrieval, prompt-based listwise ranking, and hybrid approaches, revealing that method effectiveness depends heavily on domain-specific factors rather than inherent algorithmic superiority. Through empirical investigation on enterprise-derived benchmarks, we find that embedding-based methods offer superior latency for large tool repositories, while listwise ranking provides better disambiguation for overlapping functionalities, with hybrid approaches showing promise in specific contexts. We integrate our findings into ScaleCall's flexible architecture and validate the framework through real-world deployment in Mastercard's regulated environment. Our work provides practical insights into the trade-offs between retrieval accuracy, computational efficiency, and operational requirements, contributing to the understanding of tool-calling system design for enterprise applications in regulated industries.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Tool learning and function calling, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 12 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Oct 2025.

Builds on

12 of 24 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Retrieval Models Aren't Tool-Savvy: Benchmarking Tool Retrieval for Large Language Models3 Mar
  2. 2024TinyAgent: Function Calling at the Edge1 Sep
  3. 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs31 Jul
  4. 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs24 May
  5. 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools9 Feb

Other references · 7

  1. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  2. 2023Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 2,185
  3. 2023HuggingGPT: Solving AI Tasks with ChatGPT and its Friends in Hugging Facecited by 1,173
  4. 2024A Survey on RAG Meeting LLMs: Towards Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Modelscited by 450
  5. 2023Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agentscited by 356
  6. 2023Rank-without-GPT: Building GPT-Independent Listwise Rerankers on Open-Source Large Language Modelscited by 14
  7. 2024Improving Tool Retrieval by Leveraging Large Language Models for Query Generationcited by 11

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026FinToolBench: Evaluating LLM Agents for Real-World Financial Tool Use
  2. 2026Semantic Tool Discovery for Large Language Models: A Vector-Based Approach to MCP Tool Selection
  3. 2026Hybrid Semantic Tool Discovery for Enterprise MCP Gateway: Architecture and Implementation
  4. 2026E-Bench: Benchmarking Multi-Step Tool-Use Agents in Real-World Product Scenarios
  5. 2026Less Context, Better Agents: Efficient Context Engineering for Long-Horizon Tool-Using LLM Agents
  6. 2026FinTrace: Holistic Trajectory-Level Evaluation of LLM Tool Calling for Long-Horizon Financial Tasks
  7. 2025GRETEL: A Goal-driven Retrieval and Execution-based Trial Framework for LLM Tool Selection Enhancing
  8. 2025ScaleMCP: Dynamic and Auto-Synchronizing Model Context Protocol Tools for LLM Agents