Dynamic Tool Dependency Retrieval for Lightweight Function Calling
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Tool learning and function calling
Abstract (arXiv)
Function calling agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) select external tools to automate complex tasks. On-device agents typically use a retrieval module to select relevant tools, improving performance and reducing context length. However, existing retrieval methods rely on static and limited inputs, failing to capture multi-step tool dependencies and evolving task context. This limitation often introduces irrelevant tools that mislead the agent, degrading efficiency and accuracy. We propose Dynamic Tool Dependency Retrieval (DTDR), a lightweight retrieval method that conditions on both the initial query and the evolving tool calling plan. DTDR models tool dependencies from function calling demonstrations, enabling adaptive retrieval as plans unfold. We benchmark DTDR against state-of-the-art retrieval methods across multiple datasets and LLM backbones, evaluating retrieval precision, downstream task accuracy, and computational efficiency. Additionally, we explore strategies to integrate retrieved tools into prompts. Our results show that DTDR improves function calling success rates between 23% and 104% compared to state-of-the-art static retrievers.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Tool learning and function calling, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 16 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Dec 2025.
Builds on
16 of 49 references.
Closest ancestors · 8
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Self-Guided Function Calling in Large Language Models via Stepwise Experience Recall21 Aug
- 2025Learning API Functionality from In-Context Demonstrations for Tool-based Agents30 May
- 2025On the Robustness of Agentic Function Calling1 Apr
- 2024TinyAgent: Function Calling at the Edge1 Sep
- 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs31 Jul
- 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs24 May
- 2023Making Language Models Better Tool Learners with Execution Feedback22 May
- 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools9 Feb
Other references · 8
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2025τ2-Bench: Evaluating Conversational Agents in a Dual-Control Environmentcited by 627
- 2023TaskBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Task Automationcited by 144
- 2024ToolNet: Connecting Large Language Models with Massive Tools via Tool Graphcited by 60
- 2025SciToolAgent: A Knowledge Graph-Driven Scientific Agent for Multi-Tool Integrationcited by 43
- 2024Efficient LLM Inference using Dynamic Input Pruning and Cache-Aware Maskingcited by 11
- 2025Tool Graph Retriever: Exploring Dependency Graph-based Tool Retrieval for Large Language Modelscited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 7.
7 papers.
- 2026Externalization in LLM Agents: A Unified Review of Memory, Skills, Protocols and Harness Engineeringcited by 74
- 2026Graph-of-Skills: Dependency-Aware Structural Retrieval for Massive Agent Skillscited by 55
- 2026How Many Tools Should an LLM Agent See? A Chance-Corrected Answercited by 7
- 2026The Menu Is an Execution Prior: State-Path Tool Menus for Online Agentscited by 2
- 2026Try, Check and Retry: A Divide-and-Conquer Framework for Boosting Long-context Tool-Calling Performance of LLMscited by 1
- 2026HyperAgent: Planning and Acting over Tool-Schema Hypergraphs for Tool-Use LLM Agentscited by 1
- 2026What Can Component-Replacement Evidence Establish? A Critical Scoping Review of Local Decisions in LLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026What Can Component-Replacement Evidence Establish? A Critical Scoping Review of Local Decisions in LLM Agents30 Sep 2026
- 2026The Menu Is an Execution Prior: State-Path Tool Menus for Online Agents8 Sep 2026
- 2026HyperAgent: Planning and Acting over Tool-Schema Hypergraphs for Tool-Use LLM Agents31 Jul 2026
- 2026How Many Tools Should an LLM Agent See? A Chance-Corrected Answer23 May 2026
- 2026Externalization in LLM Agents: A Unified Review of Memory, Skills, Protocols and Harness Engineering9 Apr 2026
- 2026Graph-of-Skills: Dependency-Aware Structural Retrieval for Massive Agent Skills7 Apr 2026
- 2026Try, Check and Retry: A Divide-and-Conquer Framework for Boosting Long-context Tool-Calling Performance of LLMs12 Mar 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025GRETEL: A Goal-driven Retrieval and Execution-based Trial Framework for LLM Tool Selection Enhancing
- 2026Tools Are Not Islands: Set-Level Tool Retrieval for LLM Agents via Query-Conditioned Hyperedge Prediction
- 2026ToolChoiceConfusion: Causal Minimal Tool Filtering for Reliable LLM Agents
- 2026Lookahead-R: Budget-Aware Tool Retrieval via Execution-Centric Planning
- 2026Plan or Retrieve First? A Scale Study of Tool Discovery Architectures
- 2026Beyond Single-Shot: Multi-step Tool Retrieval via Query Planning
- 2025Dynamic System Instructions and Tool Exposure for Efficient Agentic LLMs
- 2026Semantic Tool Discovery for Large Language Models: A Vector-Based Approach to MCP Tool Selection