mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LawGPT: A Chinese Legal Knowledge-Enhanced Large Language Model

arXiv 2406.04614 ↗First posted 7 Jun 2024cs.CL cs.AIcited by 34

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Large language models (LLMs), including both proprietary and open-source models, have showcased remarkable capabilities in addressing a wide range of downstream tasks. Nonetheless, when it comes to practical Chinese legal tasks, these models fail to meet the actual requirements. Proprietary models do not ensure data privacy for sensitive legal cases, while open-source models demonstrate unsatisfactory performance due to their lack of legal knowledge. To address this problem, we introduce LawGPT, the first open-source model specifically designed for Chinese legal applications. LawGPT comprises two key components: legal-oriented pre-training and legal supervised fine-tuning. Specifically, we employ large-scale Chinese legal documents for legal-oriented pre-training to incorporate legal domain knowledge. To further improve the model's performance on downstream legal tasks, we create a knowledge-driven instruction dataset for legal supervised fine-tuning. Our experimental results demonstrate that LawGPT outperforms the open-source LLaMA 7B model. Our code and resources are publicly available at https://github.com/pengxiao-song/LaWGPT and have received 5.7K stars on GitHub.

Key facts. Cited by 34 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Jun 2024.

Builds on

22 of 40 references.

References · 22

  1. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
  2. 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,326
  3. 2021GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Autoregressive Blank Infillingcited by 1,031
  4. 2019Unified Language Model Pre-training for Natural Language Understanding and Generationcited by 670
  5. 2023Baichuan 2: Open Large-scale Language Modelscited by 670
  6. 2022Towards Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 596
  7. 2023Efficient and Effective Text Encoding for Chinese LLaMA and Alpacacited by 305
  8. 2023FinGPT: Open-Source Financial Large Language Modelscited by 253
  9. 2019Neural Legal Judgment Prediction in Englishcited by 209
  10. 2020A Survey of Knowledge-Enhanced Text Generationcited by 120
  11. 2023LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Modelscited by 117
  12. 2019JEC-QA: A Legal-Domain Question Answering Datasetcited by 116
10 more
  1. 2021Lawformer: A Pre-trained Language Model for Chinese Legal Long Documentscited by 116
  2. 2023SAILER: Structure-aware Pre-trained Language Model for Legal Case Retrievalcited by 62
  3. 2017Learning to Predict Charges for Criminal Cases with Legal Basiscited by 61
  4. 2023Lawyer LLaMA Technical Reportcited by 54
  5. 2023Large Language Models in Education: Vision and Opportunitiescited by 54
  6. 2019Legal Judgment Prediction via Multi-Perspective Bi-Feedback Networkcited by 50
  7. 2023A Brief Report on LawGPT 1.0: A Virtual Legal Assistant Based on GPT-3cited by 46
  8. 2024AgentsCourt: Building Judicial Decision-Making Agents with Court Debate Simulation and Legal Knowledge Augmentationcited by 40
  9. 2019CJRC: A Reliable Human-Annotated Benchmark DataSet for Chinese Judicial Reading Comprehensioncited by 26
  10. 2023LAiW: A Chinese Legal Large Language Models Benchmarkcited by 9

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 10; 2025: 13; 2026: 11.

34 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025FLEX: Continuous Agent Evolution via Forward Learning from Experiencecited by 52
  2. 2024GoldCoin: Grounding Large Language Models in Privacy Laws via Contextual Integrity Theorycited by 37
  3. 2024An overview of domain-specific foundation model: key technologies, applications and challengescited by 19
  4. 2024Privacy Checklist: Privacy Violation Detection Grounding on Contextual Integrity Theorycited by 18
  5. 2024LawLuo: A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework for Multi-Round Chinese Legal Consultationcited by 14
  6. 2025MoA-VR: A Mixture-of-Agents System Towards All-in-One Video Restorationcited by 12
  7. 2024Robust Semi-Supervised Learning in Open Environmentscited by 8
  8. 2024Bailicai: A Domain-Optimized Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Medical Applicationscited by 6
  9. 2025GLARE: Agentic Reasoning for Legal Judgment Predictioncited by 6
  10. 2026LegalOne: A Family of Foundation Models for Reliable Legal Reasoningcited by 5
  11. 2026LegalGraphRAG: Multi-Agent Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Reliable Legal Reasoningcited by 5
  12. 2024Legal Evalutions and Challenges of Large Language Modelscited by 4
22 more
  1. 2025A Short Survey on Small Reasoning Models: Training, Inference, Applications and Research Directionscited by 4
  2. 2024GEE-OPs: An Operator Knowledge Base for Geospatial Code Generation on the Google Earth Engine Platform Powered by Large Language Modelscited by 3
  3. 2026From Query to Counsel: Structured Reasoning with a Multi-Agent Framework and Dataset for Legal Consultationcited by 3
  4. 2026CoAL-RAG: A Complexity-Aware Legal Retrieval-Augmented Generation Methodcited by 3
  5. 2025GAIus: Combining Genai with Legal Clauses Retrieval for Knowledge-based Assistantcited by 2
  6. 2024AnyTaskTune: Advanced Domain-Specific Solutions through Task-Fine-Tuningcited by 1
  7. 2025A Data Synthesis Method Driven by Large Language Models for Proactive Mining of Implicit User Intentions in Tourismcited by 1
  8. 2025CLaw: Benchmarking Chinese Legal Knowledge in Large Language Models - A Fine-grained Corpus and Reasoning Analysiscited by 1
  9. 2025ASVRI-Legal: Fine-Tuning LLMs with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Enhanced Legal Regulationcited by 1
  10. 2025EfficientXpert: Efficient Domain Adaptation for Large Language Models via Propagation-Aware Pruningcited by 1
  11. 2026CLASE: A Hybrid Method for Chinese Legalese Stylistic Evaluationcited by 1
  12. 2026Interpretable Traffic Responsibility from Dashcam Video via Legal Multi Agent Reasoningcited by 1
  13. 2024Research on Predicting Public Opinion Event Heat Levels Based on Large Language Modelscited by 0
  14. 2025Fusing Bidirectional Chains of Thought and Reward Mechanisms A Method for Enhancing Question-Answering Capabilities of Large Language Models for Chinese Intangible Cultural Heritagecited by 0
  15. 2025ICH-Qwen: A Large Language Model Towards Chinese Intangible Cultural Heritagecited by 0
  16. 2025Nyay-Darpan: Enhancing Decision Making Through Summarization and Case Retrieval for Consumer Law in Indiacited by 0
  17. 2025Finetune Once: Decoupling General & Domain Learning with Dynamic Boosted Annealingcited by 0
  18. 2026Chinese Labor Law Large Language Model Benchmarkcited by 0
  19. 2026Influence Guided Sampling for Domain Adaptation of Text Retrieverscited by 0
  20. 2026LegalDrill: Diagnosis-Driven Synthesis for Legal Reasoning in Small Language Modelscited by 0
  21. 2026ParaTool: Shifting Tool Representations from Context to Parameterscited by 0
  22. 2026SoK: Trading Agents or Market Crashers? Dissecting Robustness and Security Failures in Academic Financial LLM Trading Schemescited by 0