Tactical Rewind: Self-Correction via Backtracking in Vision-and-Language Navigation
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present the Frontier Aware Search with backTracking (FAST) Navigator, a general framework for action decoding, that achieves state-of-the-art results on the Room-to-Room (R2R) Vision-and-Language navigation challenge of Anderson et. al. (2018). Given a natural language instruction and photo-realistic image views of a previously unseen environment, the agent was tasked with navigating from source to target location as quickly as possible. While all current approaches make local action decisions or score entire trajectories using beam search, ours balances local and global signals when exploring an unobserved environment. Importantly, this lets us act greedily but use global signals to backtrack when necessary. Applying FAST framework to existing state-of-the-art models achieved a 17% relative gain, an absolute 6% gain on Success rate weighted by Path Length (SPL).
Key facts. Cited by 81 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 6 Mar 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 23; 2022: 15; 2023: 19; 2024: 12; 2025: 7; 2026: 5.
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- 2021How Much Can CLIP Benefit Vision-and-Language Tasks?cited by 321
- 2023Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategiescited by 236
- 2024NaVid: Video-based VLM Plans the Next Step for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 222
- 2024NaVILA: Legged Robot Vision-Language-Action Model for Navigationcited by 201
- 2021Episodic Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 155
- 2022Bridging the Gap Between Learning in Discrete and Continuous Environments for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 127
- 2021FILM: Following Instructions in Language with Modular Methodscited by 119
- 2021SOON: Scenario Oriented Object Navigation with Graph-based Explorationcited by 118
- 2023AerialVLN: Vision-and-Language Navigation for UAVscited by 117
- 2022Vision-and-Language Navigation: A Survey of Tasks, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 116
- 2023Scaling Data Generation in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 115
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 96
38 more
- 2021Structured Scene Memory for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 95
- 2021LanguageRefer: Spatial-Language Model for 3D Visual Groundingcited by 88
- 2023DREAMWALKER: Mental Planning for Continuous Vision-Language Navigationcited by 82
- 2023Bird's-Eye-View Scene Graph for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 71
- 2021Vision-Language Navigation with Random Environmental Mixupcited by 70
- 2022HOP: History-and-Order Aware Pre-training for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 69
- 2024Lookahead Exploration with Neural Radiance Representation for Continuous Vision-Language Navigationcited by 63
- 2021The Road to Know-Where: An Object-and-Room Informed Sequential BERT for Indoor Vision-Language Navigationcited by 60
- 2022Target-Driven Structured Transformer Planner for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 58
- 2021Semantics for Robotic Mapping, Perception and Interaction: A Surveycited by 56
- 2021Hierarchical Task Learning from Language Instructions with Unified Transformers and Self-Monitoringcited by 53
- 2021SOAT: A Scene- and Object-Aware Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 53
- 2022Counterfactual Cycle-Consistent Learning for Instruction Following and Generation in Vision-Language Navigationcited by 50
- 2021Scene-Intuitive Agent for Remote Embodied Visual Groundingcited by 49
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 49
- 2021SASRA: Semantically-aware Spatio-temporal Reasoning Agent for Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 48
- 2025Openfly: A comprehensive platform for aerial vision-language navigationcited by 43
- 2023Lana: A Language-Capable Navigator for Instruction Following and Generationcited by 39
- 2021Diagnosing Vision-and-Language Navigation: What Really Matterscited by 36
- 2021Vision-Language Navigation: A Survey and Taxonomycited by 33
- 2022Simple and Effective Synthesis of Indoor 3D Scenescited by 33
- 2021Improving Cross-Modal Alignment in Vision Language Navigation via Syntactic Informationcited by 31
- 2021Core Challenges in Embodied Vision-Language Planningcited by 30
- 2022Zero-shot object goal visual navigationcited by 29
- 2022One Step at a Time: Long-Horizon Vision-and-Language Navigation with Milestonescited by 26
- 2022AVLEN: Audio-Visual-Language Embodied Navigation in 3D Environmentscited by 26
- 2023Grounded Entity-Landmark Adaptive Pre-training for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 25
- 2023Fast-Slow Test-Time Adaptation for Online Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 25
- 2024MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chainscited by 25
- 2023VLN-PETL: Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 22
- 2021Multimodal Transformer with Variable-length Memory for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 20
- 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Energy-Based Policycited by 19
- 2023Meta-Explore: Exploratory Hierarchical Vision-and-Language Navigation Using Scene Object Spectrum Groundingcited by 18
- 2023Scene-Driven Multimodal Knowledge Graph Construction for Embodied AIcited by 17
- 2021Contrastive Instruction-Trajectory Learning for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 16
- 2024Correctable Landmark Discovery via Large Models for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 16
- 2024SAME: Learning Generic Language-Guided Visual Navigation with State-Adaptive Mixture of Expertscited by 16
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 16
50 most cited of 81 All 81 (JSON)
- 2026RACO: Reliability-Aware Coarse-Goal Optimization for Inspection-Oriented UAV Vision-Language Navigation24 Aug 2026
- 2026The Essence of Balance for Self-Improving Agents in Vision-and-Language Navigation21 Apr 2026
- 2026Does Peer Observation Help? Vision-Sharing Collaboration for Vision-Language Navigation21 Mar 2026
- 2026Trajectory-Diversity-Driven Robust Vision-and-Language Navigation16 Mar 2026
- 2026CycleVLA: Proactive Self-Correcting Vision-Language-Action Models via Subtask Backtracking and Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding5 Jan 2026
- 2025TP-MDDN: Task-Preferenced Multi-Demand-Driven Navigation with Autonomous Decision-Making21 Nov 2025
- 2025STRIDER: Navigation via Instruction-Aligned Structural Decision Space Optimization27 Oct 2025
- 2025NavQ: Learning a Q-Model for Foresighted Vision-and-Language Navigation18 Oct 2025
- 2025Weakly-supervised VLM-guided Partial Contrastive Learning for Visual Language Navigation18 Jun 2025
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigation27 May 2025
- 2025Ground-level Viewpoint Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments26 Feb 2025
- 2025Openfly: A comprehensive platform for aerial vision-language navigation25 Feb 2025
38 more
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments13 Dec 2024
- 2024SAME: Learning Generic Language-Guided Visual Navigation with State-Adaptive Mixture of Experts7 Dec 2024
- 2024NaVILA: Legged Robot Vision-Language-Action Model for Navigation5 Dec 2024
- 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Energy-Based Policy18 Oct 2024
- 2024HAPFI: History-Aware Planning based on Fused Information23 Jul 2024
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Models17 Jul 2024
- 2024Mutual Learning for Acoustic Matching and Dereverberation via Visual Scene-driven Diffusion15 Jul 2024
- 2024Correctable Landmark Discovery via Large Models for Vision-Language Navigation29 May 2024
- 2024MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chains17 May 2024
- 2024Lookahead Exploration with Neural Radiance Representation for Continuous Vision-Language Navigation2 Apr 2024
- 2024NaVid: Video-based VLM Plans the Next Step for Vision-and-Language Navigation24 Feb 2024
- 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Embodied Intelligence: A Survey22 Feb 2024
- 2023Planning as In-Painting: A Diffusion-Based Embodied Task Planning Framework for Environments under Uncertainty2 Dec 2023
- 2023Fast-Slow Test-Time Adaptation for Online Vision-and-Language Navigation22 Nov 2023
- 2023Scene-Driven Multimodal Knowledge Graph Construction for Embodied AI7 Nov 2023
- 2023LACMA: Language-Aligning Contrastive Learning with Meta-Actions for Embodied Instruction Following18 Oct 2023
- 2023Grounded Entity-Landmark Adaptive Pre-training for Vision-and-Language Navigation24 Aug 2023
- 2023VLN-PETL: Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for Vision-and-Language Navigation20 Aug 2023
- 2023DREAMWALKER: Mental Planning for Continuous Vision-Language Navigation14 Aug 2023
- 2023AerialVLN: Vision-and-Language Navigation for UAVs13 Aug 2023
- 2023Bird's-Eye-View Scene Graph for Vision-Language Navigation9 Aug 2023
- 2023Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategies6 Aug 2023
- 2023Scaling Data Generation in Vision-and-Language Navigation28 Jul 2023
- 2023CAVEN: An Embodied Conversational Agent for Efficient Audio-Visual Navigation in Noisy Environments6 Jun 2023
- 2023Embodied Concept Learner: Self-supervised Learning of Concepts and Mapping through Instruction Following7 Apr 2023
- 2023Core Challenges in Embodied Vision-Language Planning5 Apr 2023
- 2023Lana: A Language-Capable Navigator for Instruction Following and Generation15 Mar 2023
- 2023Meta-Explore: Exploratory Hierarchical Vision-and-Language Navigation Using Scene Object Spectrum Grounding7 Mar 2023
- 2023ESceme: Vision-and-Language Navigation with Episodic Scene Memory2 Mar 2023
- 2023RREx-BoT: Remote Referring Expressions with a Bag of Tricks30 Jan 2023
- 2023Graph based Environment Representation for Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments11 Jan 2023
- 2022Predicting Topological Maps for Visual Navigation in Unexplored Environments23 Nov 2022
- 2022Bridging the visual gap in VLN via semantically richer instructions27 Oct 2022
- 2022ULN: Towards Underspecified Vision-and-Language Navigation18 Oct 2022
- 2022AVLEN: Audio-Visual-Language Embodied Navigation in 3D Environments14 Oct 2022
- 2022ViLPAct: A Benchmark for Compositional Generalization on Multimodal Human Activities11 Oct 2022
- 2022Target-Driven Structured Transformer Planner for Vision-Language Navigation19 Jul 2022
- 2022CLEAR: Improving Vision-Language Navigation with Cross-Lingual, Environment-Agnostic Representations5 Jul 2022
50 newest of 81 All 81 (JSON)
- 2023Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategiescited by 236
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 96
- 2024MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chainscited by 25
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Models17 Jul 2024
- 2024MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chains17 May 2024
- 2023Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategies6 Aug 2023
- 2021FILM: Following Instructions in Language with Modular Methodscited by 119
- 2021How Much Can CLIP Benefit Vision-and-Language Tasks?cited by 321
- 2024NaVid: Video-based VLM Plans the Next Step for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 222
- 2021Episodic Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 155
- 2022Bridging the Gap Between Learning in Discrete and Continuous Environments for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 127
- 2021SOON: Scenario Oriented Object Navigation with Graph-based Explorationcited by 118
- 2023AerialVLN: Vision-and-Language Navigation for UAVscited by 117
- 2022Vision-and-Language Navigation: A Survey of Tasks, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 116
- 2023Scaling Data Generation in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 115
- 2021Structured Scene Memory for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 95
- 2021LanguageRefer: Spatial-Language Model for 3D Visual Groundingcited by 88
- 2023Bird's-Eye-View Scene Graph for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 71
- 2021Vision-Language Navigation with Random Environmental Mixupcited by 70
12 most cited of 70 All 70 (JSON)
- 2026RACO: Reliability-Aware Coarse-Goal Optimization for Inspection-Oriented UAV Vision-Language Navigation24 Aug 2026
- 2026Does Peer Observation Help? Vision-Sharing Collaboration for Vision-Language Navigation21 Mar 2026
- 2026Trajectory-Diversity-Driven Robust Vision-and-Language Navigation16 Mar 2026
- 2025TP-MDDN: Task-Preferenced Multi-Demand-Driven Navigation with Autonomous Decision-Making21 Nov 2025
- 2025STRIDER: Navigation via Instruction-Aligned Structural Decision Space Optimization27 Oct 2025
- 2025NavQ: Learning a Q-Model for Foresighted Vision-and-Language Navigation18 Oct 2025
- 2025Weakly-supervised VLM-guided Partial Contrastive Learning for Visual Language Navigation18 Jun 2025
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigation27 May 2025
- 2025Ground-level Viewpoint Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments26 Feb 2025
- 2025Openfly: A comprehensive platform for aerial vision-language navigation25 Feb 2025
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments13 Dec 2024
- 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Energy-Based Policy18 Oct 2024
12 newest of 70 All 70 (JSON)