360+x: A Panoptic Multi-modal Scene Understanding Dataset
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Abstract (arXiv)
Human perception of the world is shaped by a multitude of viewpoints and modalities. While many existing datasets focus on scene understanding from a certain perspective (e.g. egocentric or third-person views), our dataset offers a panoptic perspective (i.e. multiple viewpoints with multiple data modalities). Specifically, we encapsulate third-person panoramic and front views, as well as egocentric monocular/binocular views with rich modalities including video, multi-channel audio, directional binaural delay, location data and textual scene descriptions within each scene captured, presenting comprehensive observation of the world. Figure 1 offers a glimpse of all 28 scene categories of our 360+x dataset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first database that covers multiple viewpoints with multiple data modalities to mimic how daily information is accessed in the real world. Through our benchmark analysis, we presented 5 different scene understanding tasks on the proposed 360+x dataset to evaluate the impact and benefit of each data modality and perspective in panoptic scene understanding. We hope this unique dataset could broaden the scope of comprehensive scene understanding and encourage the community to approach these problems from more diverse perspectives.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.
Builds on
22 of 39 references.
References · 22
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2017The Kinetics Human Action Video Datasetcited by 1,894
- 2021Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Videocited by 1,530
- 2022VideoMAE: Masked Autoencoders are Data-Efficient Learners for Self-Supervised Video Pre-Trainingcited by 1,305
- 2018Scaling Egocentric Vision: The EPIC-KITCHENS Datasetcited by 789
- 2016CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classificationcited by 701
- 2020VGGSound: A Large-scale Audio-Visual Datasetcited by 641
- 2021KITTI-360: A Novel Dataset and Benchmarks for Urban Scene Understanding in 2D and 3Dcited by 570
- 2017AVA: A Video Dataset of Spatio-temporally Localized Atomic Visual Actionscited by 449
- 2019What Makes Training Multi-Modal Classification Networks Hard?cited by 340
- 2022ActionFormer: Localizing Moments of Actions with Transformerscited by 308
- 2022Balanced Multimodal Learning via On-the-fly Gradient Modulationcited by 259
10 more
- 2018Moments in Time Dataset: one million videos for event understandingcited by 215
- 2023TriDet: Temporal Action Detection with Relative Boundary Modelingcited by 141
- 2020Self-supervised Video Representation Learning by Pace Predictioncited by 139
- 2015Every Moment Counts: Dense Detailed Labeling of Actions in Complex Videoscited by 93
- 2023TemporalMaxer: Maximize Temporal Context with only Max Pooling for Temporal Action Localizationcited by 27
- 2017Im2Pano3D: Extrapolating 360 Structure and Semantics Beyond the Field of Viewcited by 25
- 2021Proposal Relation Network for Temporal Action Detectioncited by 18
- 2022Sound Localization by Self-Supervised Time Delay Estimationcited by 18
- 2019CenterFace: Joint Face Detection and Alignment Using Face as Pointcited by 13
- 2020Egok360: A 360 Egocentric Kinetic Human Activity Video Datasetcited by 3
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 19; 2026: 13.
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- 2025Multimodal Fusion and Vision-Language Models: A Survey for Robot Visioncited by 37
- 2025Matrix-3D: Omnidirectional Explorable 3D World Generationcited by 33
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Visioncited by 23
- 2025Are Multimodal Large Language Models Ready for Omnidirectional Spatial Reasoning?cited by 22
- 2025PanoWan: Lifting Diffusion Video Generation Models to 360deg with Latitude/Longitude-aware Mechanismscited by 22
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentationcited by 21
- 2025Thinking in 360deg: Humanoid Visual Search in the Wildcited by 14
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Trackingcited by 12
- 2024Articulate3D: Holistic Understanding of 3D Scenes as Universal Scene Descriptioncited by 9
- 2025Dense360: Dense Understanding from Omnidirectional Panoramascited by 9
- 2025Bridging Perspectives: A Survey on Cross-view Collaborative Intelligence with Egocentric-Exocentric Visioncited by 8
- 2025Leader360V: The Large-scale, Real-world 360 Video Dataset for Multi-task Learning in Diverse Environmentcited by 8
23 more
- 2024OmniDrag: Enabling Motion Control for Omnidirectional Image-to-Video Generationcited by 5
- 2025SafePLUG: Empowering Multimodal LLMs with Pixel-Level Insight and Temporal Grounding for Traffic Accident Understandingcited by 5
- 2026PanoWorld: Towards Spatial Supersensing in 360^circ Panorama Worldcited by 5
- 2025PreFM: Online Audio-Visual Event Parsing via Predictive Future Modelingcited by 4
- 2025ImViD: Immersive Volumetric Videos for Enhanced VR Engagementcited by 3
- 2025OpenView: Empowering MLLMs with Out-of-view VQAcited by 3
- 2025Fire360: A Benchmark for Robust Perception and Episodic Memory in Degraded 360-Degree Firefighting Videoscited by 2
- 2025OmniTrack++: Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking by Learning Large-FoV Trajectory Feedbackcited by 2
- 2026Panoramic Multimodal Semantic Occupancy Prediction for Quadruped Robotscited by 2
- 2026PanoWorld: Geometry-Consistent Panoramic Video World Modelingcited by 2
- 2025What Time Tells Us? An Explorative Study of Time Awareness Learned from Static Imagescited by 1
- 2025Hestia: Voxel-Face-Aware Hierarchical Next-Best-View Acquisition for Efficient 3D Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2026What if? Emulative Simulation with World Models for Situated Reasoningcited by 1
- 2026PanoSAM2: Lightweight Distortion- and Memory-aware Adaptions of SAM2 for 360 Video Object Segmentationcited by 1
- 2026OmniPoint: Universal Monocular Metric Pointcloud from Any Cameracited by 1
- 2025Multi-task Learning with Extended Temporal Shift Module for Temporal Action Localizationcited by 0
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulationcited by 0
- 2026Seeing the Scene Matters: Revealing Forgetting in Video Understanding Models with a Scene-Aware Long-Video Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026Stitch4D: Sparse Multi-Location 4D Urban Reconstruction via Spatio-Temporal Interpolationcited by 0
- 2026Realizing Immersive Volumetric Video: A Multimodal Framework for 6-DoF VR Engagementcited by 0
- 2026Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretrainingcited by 0
- 2026Supervising Sound Localization by In-the-wild Egomotioncited by 0
- 2026World Observer: Joint Actor-Observer Generation for Persistent World Modelingcited by 0
- 2026World Observer: Joint Actor-Observer Generation for Persistent World Modeling1 Oct 2026
- 2026Supervising Sound Localization by In-the-wild Egomotion1 Oct 2026
- 2026OmniPoint: Universal Monocular Metric Pointcloud from Any Camera8 Sep 2026
- 2026Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretraining9 Jul 2026
- 2026PanoWorld: Geometry-Consistent Panoramic Video World Modeling14 May 2026
- 2026PanoWorld: Towards Spatial Supersensing in 360^circ Panorama World13 May 2026
- 2026Realizing Immersive Volumetric Video: A Multimodal Framework for 6-DoF VR Engagement10 Apr 2026
- 2026Stitch4D: Sparse Multi-Location 4D Urban Reconstruction via Spatio-Temporal Interpolation9 Apr 2026
- 2026PanoSAM2: Lightweight Distortion- and Memory-aware Adaptions of SAM2 for 360 Video Object Segmentation9 Apr 2026
- 2026Seeing the Scene Matters: Revealing Forgetting in Video Understanding Models with a Scene-Aware Long-Video Benchmark28 Mar 2026
- 2026Panoramic Multimodal Semantic Occupancy Prediction for Quadruped Robots13 Mar 2026
- 2026What if? Emulative Simulation with World Models for Situated Reasoning6 Mar 2026
23 more
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulation6 Mar 2026
- 2025OpenView: Empowering MLLMs with Out-of-view VQA21 Dec 2025
- 2025Multi-task Learning with Extended Temporal Shift Module for Temporal Action Localization12 Dec 2025
- 2025Thinking in 360deg: Humanoid Visual Search in the Wild25 Nov 2025
- 2025OmniTrack++: Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking by Learning Large-FoV Trajectory Feedback1 Nov 2025
- 2025Matrix-3D: Omnidirectional Explorable 3D World Generation11 Aug 2025
- 2025SafePLUG: Empowering Multimodal LLMs with Pixel-Level Insight and Temporal Grounding for Traffic Accident Understanding9 Aug 2025
- 2025Hestia: Voxel-Face-Aware Hierarchical Next-Best-View Acquisition for Efficient 3D Reconstruction1 Aug 2025
- 2025Dense360: Dense Understanding from Omnidirectional Panoramas17 Jun 2025
- 2025Leader360V: The Large-scale, Real-world 360 Video Dataset for Multi-task Learning in Diverse Environment17 Jun 2025
- 2025Bridging Perspectives: A Survey on Cross-view Collaborative Intelligence with Egocentric-Exocentric Vision6 Jun 2025
- 2025Fire360: A Benchmark for Robust Perception and Episodic Memory in Degraded 360-Degree Firefighting Videos2 Jun 2025
- 2025PreFM: Online Audio-Visual Event Parsing via Predictive Future Modeling29 May 2025
- 2025PanoWan: Lifting Diffusion Video Generation Models to 360deg with Latitude/Longitude-aware Mechanisms28 May 2025
- 2025Are Multimodal Large Language Models Ready for Omnidirectional Spatial Reasoning?17 May 2025
- 2025Multimodal Fusion and Vision-Language Models: A Survey for Robot Vision3 Apr 2025
- 2025What Time Tells Us? An Explorative Study of Time Awareness Learned from Static Images23 Mar 2025
- 2025ImViD: Immersive Volumetric Videos for Enhanced VR Engagement18 Mar 2025
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking6 Mar 2025
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Vision11 Feb 2025
- 2024OmniDrag: Enabling Motion Control for Omnidirectional Image-to-Video Generation12 Dec 2024
- 2024Articulate3D: Holistic Understanding of 3D Scenes as Universal Scene Description2 Dec 2024
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentation19 Jun 2024
- 2025Multimodal Fusion and Vision-Language Models: A Survey for Robot Visioncited by 37
- 2025Dense360: Dense Understanding from Omnidirectional Panoramascited by 9
- 2025SafePLUG: Empowering Multimodal LLMs with Pixel-Level Insight and Temporal Grounding for Traffic Accident Understandingcited by 5
- 2025OpenView: Empowering MLLMs with Out-of-view VQAcited by 3
- 2025OpenView: Empowering MLLMs with Out-of-view VQA21 Dec 2025
- 2025SafePLUG: Empowering Multimodal LLMs with Pixel-Level Insight and Temporal Grounding for Traffic Accident Understanding9 Aug 2025
- 2025Dense360: Dense Understanding from Omnidirectional Panoramas17 Jun 2025
- 2025Multimodal Fusion and Vision-Language Models: A Survey for Robot Vision3 Apr 2025
- 2025Matrix-3D: Omnidirectional Explorable 3D World Generationcited by 33
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Visioncited by 23
- 2025PanoWan: Lifting Diffusion Video Generation Models to 360deg with Latitude/Longitude-aware Mechanismscited by 22
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentationcited by 21
- 2025Thinking in 360deg: Humanoid Visual Search in the Wildcited by 14
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Trackingcited by 12
- 2024Articulate3D: Holistic Understanding of 3D Scenes as Universal Scene Descriptioncited by 9
- 2025Bridging Perspectives: A Survey on Cross-view Collaborative Intelligence with Egocentric-Exocentric Visioncited by 8
- 2025Leader360V: The Large-scale, Real-world 360 Video Dataset for Multi-task Learning in Diverse Environmentcited by 8
- 2024OmniDrag: Enabling Motion Control for Omnidirectional Image-to-Video Generationcited by 5
- 2026PanoWorld: Towards Spatial Supersensing in 360^circ Panorama Worldcited by 5
- 2025PreFM: Online Audio-Visual Event Parsing via Predictive Future Modelingcited by 4
12 most cited of 27 All 27 (JSON)
- 2026Supervising Sound Localization by In-the-wild Egomotion1 Oct 2026
- 2026OmniPoint: Universal Monocular Metric Pointcloud from Any Camera8 Sep 2026
- 2026Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretraining9 Jul 2026
- 2026PanoWorld: Towards Spatial Supersensing in 360^circ Panorama World13 May 2026
- 2026Realizing Immersive Volumetric Video: A Multimodal Framework for 6-DoF VR Engagement10 Apr 2026
- 2026Stitch4D: Sparse Multi-Location 4D Urban Reconstruction via Spatio-Temporal Interpolation9 Apr 2026
- 2026PanoSAM2: Lightweight Distortion- and Memory-aware Adaptions of SAM2 for 360 Video Object Segmentation9 Apr 2026
- 2026Seeing the Scene Matters: Revealing Forgetting in Video Understanding Models with a Scene-Aware Long-Video Benchmark28 Mar 2026
- 2026Panoramic Multimodal Semantic Occupancy Prediction for Quadruped Robots13 Mar 2026
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulation6 Mar 2026
- 2025Multi-task Learning with Extended Temporal Shift Module for Temporal Action Localization12 Dec 2025
- 2025Thinking in 360deg: Humanoid Visual Search in the Wild25 Nov 2025
12 newest of 27 All 27 (JSON)