mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

IDAdapter: Learning Mixed Features for Tuning-Free Personalization of Text-to-Image Models

arXiv 2403.13535 ↗First posted 20 Mar 2024cs.CVcited by 32

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

Leveraging Stable Diffusion for the generation of personalized portraits has emerged as a powerful and noteworthy tool, enabling users to create high-fidelity, custom character avatars based on their specific prompts. However, existing personalization methods face challenges, including test-time fine-tuning, the requirement of multiple input images, low preservation of identity, and limited diversity in generated outcomes. To overcome these challenges, we introduce IDAdapter, a tuning-free approach that enhances the diversity and identity preservation in personalized image generation from a single face image. IDAdapter integrates a personalized concept into the generation process through a combination of textual and visual injections and a face identity loss. During the training phase, we incorporate mixed features from multiple reference images of a specific identity to enrich identity-related content details, guiding the model to generate images with more diverse styles, expressions, and angles compared to previous works. Extensive evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, achieving both diversity and identity fidelity in generated images.

Key facts. Cited by 32 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 38 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Mar 2024.

Builds on

38 of 52 references.

Closest ancestors · 17

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023MagiCapture: High-Resolution Multi-Concept Portrait Customization13 Sep
  2. 2023PhotoVerse: Tuning-Free Image Customization with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models11 Sep
  3. 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models13 Aug
  4. 2023Subject-Diffusion:Open Domain Personalized Text-to-Image Generation without Test-time Fine-tuning21 Jul
  5. 2023Inserting Anybody in Diffusion Models via Celeb Basis1 Jun
  6. 2023FastComposer: Tuning-Free Multi-Subject Image Generation with Localized Attention17 May
  7. 2023Continual Diffusion: Continual Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion with C-LoRA12 Apr
  8. 2023Taming Encoder for Zero Fine-tuning Image Customization with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models5 Apr
  9. 2023SVDiff: Compact Parameter Space for Diffusion Fine-Tuning20 Mar
  10. 2023Unified Multi-Modal Latent Diffusion for Joint Subject and Text Conditional Image Generation16 Mar
  11. 2023Encoder-based Domain Tuning for Fast Personalization of Text-to-Image Models23 Feb
  12. 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models16 Feb
5 more
  1. 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion8 Dec
  2. 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions17 Nov
  3. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
  4. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding23 May
  5. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr

Other references · 21

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
  5. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
  6. 2019Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for NLPcited by 4,236
  7. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  8. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,245
  9. 2021LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairscited by 1,555
  10. 2017VGGFace2: A dataset for recognising faces across pose and agecited by 914
  11. 2023Scaling up GANs for Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 492
  12. 2021Pivotal Tuning for Latent-based Editing of Real Imagescited by 427
9 more
  1. 2023ELITE: Encoding Visual Concepts into Textual Embeddings for Customized Text-to-Image Generationcited by 416
  2. 2023InstantBooth: Personalized Text-to-Image Generation without Test-Time Finetuningcited by 345
  3. 2023P+: Extended Textual Conditioning in Text-to-Image Generationcited by 242
  4. 2023Break-A-Scene: Extracting Multiple Concepts from a Single Imagecited by 231
  5. 2023Subject-driven Text-to-Image Generation via Apprenticeship Learningcited by 212
  6. 2022Re-Imagen: Retrieval-Augmented Text-to-Image Generatorcited by 210
  7. 2023Key-Locked Rank One Editing for Text-to-Image Personalizationcited by 194
  8. 2023Face0: Instantaneously Conditioning a Text-to-Image Model on a Facecited by 78
  9. 2023Enhancing Detail Preservation for Customized Text-to-Image Generation: A Regularization-Free Approachcited by 43

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 14; 2025: 14; 2026: 4.

32 papers.

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  1. 2025TIIF-Bench: How Does Your T2I Model Follow Your Instructions?cited by 69
  2. 2024DreamStory: Open-Domain Story Visualization by LLM-Guided Multi-Subject Consistent Diffusioncited by 47
  3. 2024UniPortrait: A Unified Framework for Identity-Preserving Single- and Multi-Human Image Personalizationcited by 47
  4. 2024A Survey on Personalized Content Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 29
  5. 2024Group Diffusion Transformers are Unsupervised Multitask Learnerscited by 22
  6. 2024IDProtector: An Adversarial Noise Encoder to Protect Against ID-Preserving Image Generationcited by 22
  7. 2025Personalized Image Generation with Deep Generative Models: A Decade Surveycited by 20
  8. 2025Arc2Avatar: Generating Expressive 3D Avatars from a Single Image via ID Guidancecited by 16
  9. 2024DiffLoRA: Generating Personalized Low-Rank Adaptation Weights with Diffusioncited by 12
  10. 2024AttnDreamBooth: Towards Text-Aligned Personalized Text-to-Image Generationcited by 10
  11. 2024F-Bench: Rethinking Human Preference Evaluation Metrics for Benchmarking Face Generation, Customization, and Restorationcited by 10
  12. 2025MICo-150K: A Comprehensive Dataset Advancing Multi-Image Compositioncited by 10
20 more
  1. 2026Skywork UniPic 3.0: Unified Multi-Image Composition via Sequence Modelingcited by 7
  2. 2024ID-to-3D: Expressive ID-guided 3D Heads via Score Distillation Samplingcited by 5
  3. 2024DreamSteerer: Enhancing Source Image Conditioned Editability using Personalized Diffusion Modelscited by 5
  4. 2025Jodi: Unification of Visual Generation and Understanding via Joint Modelingcited by 5
  5. 2025HiFi-Portrait: Zero-shot Identity-preserved Portrait Generation with High-fidelity Multi-face Fusioncited by 5
  6. 2025NullFace: Training-Free Localized Face Anonymizationcited by 4
  7. 2024Improving Multi-Subject Consistency in Open-Domain Image Generation with Isolation and Reposition Attentioncited by 3
  8. 2025Consistent Story Generation: Unlocking the Potential of Zigzag Samplingcited by 3
  9. 2025Robust ID-Specific Face Restoration via Alignment Learningcited by 3
  10. 2024FuseAnyPart: Diffusion-Driven Facial Parts Swapping via Multiple Reference Imagescited by 2
  11. 2024Foundation Cures Personalization: Improving Personalized Models' Prompt Consistency via Hidden Foundation Knowledgecited by 2
  12. 2025DreamBoothDPO: Improving Personalized Generation using Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 2
  13. 2024RealisID: Scale-Robust and Fine-Controllable Identity Customization via Local and Global Complementationcited by 1
  14. 2025Adversarial Concept Distillation for One-Step Diffusion Personalizationcited by 1
  15. 2025GaussianIP: Identity-Preserving Realistic 3D Human Generation via Human-Centric Diffusion Priorcited by 0
  16. 2025A Training-Free Approach for Multi-ID Customization via Attention Adjustment and Spatial Controlcited by 0
  17. 2025Training for Identity, Inference for Controllability: A Unified Approach to Tuning-Free Face Personalizationcited by 0
  18. 2026Diff-PC: Identity-preserving and 3D-aware Controllable Diffusion for Zero-shot Portrait Customizationcited by 0
  19. 2026A Qualitative Review of GenAI-Based Methods for Data Generation and Augmentation in Industrial Computer Vision Applicationscited by 0
  20. 2026No Way To Steal My Face: Proactive Defense Against Identity-Preserving Personalized Generationcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026FaceSnap: Enhanced ID-fidelity Network for Tuning-free Portrait Customization
  2. 2025ID-EA: Identity-driven Text Enhancement and Adaptation with Textual Inversion for Personalized Text-to-Image Generation
  3. 2024ID-Aligner: Enhancing Identity-Preserving Text-to-Image Generation with Reward Feedback Learning
  4. 2023PortraitBooth: A Versatile Portrait Model for Fast Identity-preserved Personalization
  5. 2024LCM-Lookahead for Encoder-based Text-to-Image Personalization
  6. 2024Infinite-ID: Identity-preserved Personalization via ID-semantics Decoupling Paradigm
  7. 2024MasterWeaver: Taming Editability and Face Identity for Personalized Text-to-Image Generation
  8. 2024InstantID: Zero-shot Identity-Preserving Generation in Seconds