mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

CGMI: Configurable General Multi-Agent Interaction Framework

arXiv 2308.12503 ↗First posted 24 Aug 2023cs.AI cs.HC cs.MAcited by 41

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Educational agents and math problem solving

Abstract (arXiv)

Benefiting from the powerful capabilities of large language models (LLMs), agents based on LLMs have shown the potential to address domain-specific tasks and emulate human behaviors. However, the content generated by these agents remains somewhat superficial, owing to their limited domain expertise and the absence of an effective cognitive architecture. To address this, we present the Configurable General Multi-Agent Interaction (CGMI) framework, designed to replicate human interactions in real-world scenarios. Specifically, we propose a tree-structured methodology for the assignment, detection, and maintenance of agent personality. Additionally, we designed a cognitive architecture equipped with a skill library based on the ACT* model, which contains memory, reflection, and planning modules. We have also integrated general agents to augment the virtual environment's realism. Using the CGMI framework, we simulated numerous classroom interactions between teacher and students. The experiments indicate that aspects such as the teaching methodology, curriculum, and student performance closely mirror real classroom settings. We will open source our work.

Key facts. Cited by 41 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Educational agents and math problem solving, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 13 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2023.

Builds on

13 of 27 references.

References · 13

  1. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
  2. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  3. 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
  4. 2023CAMEL: Communicative Agents for "Mind" Exploration of Large Language Model Societycited by 1,348
  5. 2022Measuring and Narrowing the Compositionality Gap in Language Modelscited by 1,054
  6. 2023ChatDev: Communicative Agents for Software Developmentcited by 893
  7. 2023ChemCrow: Augmenting large-language models with chemistry toolscited by 609
  8. 2023Plan-and-Solve Prompting: Improving Zero-Shot Chain-of-Thought Reasoning by Large Language Modelscited by 550
  9. 2022Using Large Language Models to Simulate Multiple Humans and Replicate Human Subject Studiescited by 506
  10. 2023Describe, Explain, Plan and Select: Interactive Planning with Large Language Models Enables Open-World Multi-Task Agentscited by 396
  11. 2023Unleashing the Emergent Cognitive Synergy in Large Language Models: A Task-Solving Agent through Multi-Persona Self-Collaborationcited by 246
  12. 2023PersonaLLM: Investigating the Ability of Large Language Models to Express Personality Traitscited by 229
1 more
  1. 2023DERA: Enhancing Large Language Model Completions with Dialog-Enabled Resolving Agentscited by 52

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 13; 2025: 18; 2026: 5.

41 papers.

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  1. 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Surveycited by 1,422
  2. 2023Cognitive Architectures for Language Agentscited by 422
  3. 2023Large Language Models Empowered Agent-based Modeling and Simulation: A Survey and Perspectivescited by 253
  4. 2023EconAgent: Large Language Model-Empowered Agents for Simulating Macroeconomic Activitiescited by 154
  5. 2024LLM Multi-Agent Systems: Challenges and Open Problemscited by 119
  6. 2024A Review of Large Language Models and Autonomous Agents in Chemistrycited by 96
  7. 2025Lifelong Learning of Large Language Model based Agents: A Roadmapcited by 78
  8. 2025MedAgent-Pro: Towards Evidence-based Multi-modal Medical Diagnosis via Reasoning Agentic Workflowcited by 71
  9. 2025LLM Agents for Education: Advances and Applicationscited by 59
  10. 2024Do LLMs Have Distinct and Consistent Personality? TRAIT: Personality Testset designed for LLMs with Psychometricscited by 56
  11. 2024Determinants of LLM-assisted Decision-Makingcited by 55
  12. 2024EduAgent: Generative Student Agents in Learningcited by 41
29 more
  1. 2025Internet of Agents: Fundamentals, Applications, and Challengescited by 31
  2. 2025Do Large Language Models Solve the Problems of Agent-Based Modeling? A Critical Review of Generative Social Simulationscited by 28
  3. 2024Large Model Based Agents: State-of-the-Art, Cooperation Paradigms, Security and Privacy, and Future Trendscited by 26
  4. 2024Large Language Models for Manufacturingcited by 24
  5. 2024Multi-Agent Large Language Models for Conversational Task-Solvingcited by 24
  6. 2024AgentLens: Visual Analysis for Agent Behaviors in LLM-based Autonomous Systemscited by 23
  7. 2025Stay Focused: Problem Drift in Multi-Agent Debatecited by 23
  8. 2025EduPlanner: LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Customized and Intelligent Instructional Designcited by 18
  9. 2024An Electoral Approach to Diversify LLM-based Multi-Agent Collective Decision-Makingcited by 14
  10. 2024AI Agent for Education: von Neumann Multi-Agent System Frameworkcited by 12
  11. 2025Agentic AI Systems Applied to tasks in Financial Services: Modeling and model risk management crewscited by 12
  12. 2024Evaluating and Optimizing Educational Content with Large Language Model Judgmentscited by 11
  13. 2026The Five Ws of Multi-Agent Communication: Who Talks to Whom, When, What, and Why -- A Survey from MARL to Emergent Language and LLMscited by 10
  14. 2023Towards a Psychological Generalist AI: A Survey of Current Applications of Large Language Models and Future Prospectscited by 8
  15. 2024MindScope: Exploring cognitive biases in large language models through Multi-Agent Systemscited by 5
  16. 2025Conversational Education at Scale: A Multi-LLM Agent Workflow for Procedural Learning and Pedagogic Quality Assessmentcited by 5
  17. 2026Beyond Individual Intelligence: Surveying Collaboration, Failure Attribution, and Self-Evolution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systemscited by 5
  18. 2025Investigating Pedagogical Teacher and Student LLM Agents: Genetic Adaptation Meets Retrieval Augmented Generation Across Learning Stylecited by 4
  19. 2025StoryBox: Collaborative Multi-Agent Simulation for Hybrid Bottom-Up Long-Form Story Generation Using Large Language Modelscited by 4
  20. 2025Carbon and Silicon, Coexist or Compete? A Survey on Human-AI Interactions in Agent-based Modeling and Simulationcited by 3
  21. 2025Empowering Economic Simulation for Massively Multiplayer Online Games through Generative Agent-Based Modelingcited by 3
  22. 2025Evolution in Simulation: AI-Agent School with Dual Memory for High-Fidelity Educational Dynamicscited by 3
  23. 2025How Real Is AI Tutoring? Comparing Simulated and Human Dialogues in One-on-One Instructioncited by 2
  24. 2025FurniMAS: Language-Guided Furniture Decoration using Multi-Agent Systemcited by 0
  25. 2025Agentic Workflow for Education: Concepts and Applicationscited by 0
  26. 2025Generalized Multi-agent Social Simulation Frameworkcited by 0
  27. 2026Multi-Agent Systems: From Classical Paradigms to Large Foundation Model-Enabled Futurescited by 0
  28. 2026LLM-X: A Scalable Negotiation-Oriented Exchange for Communication Among Personal LLM Agentscited by 0
  29. 2026EconAI: Dynamic Persona Evolution and Memory-Aware Agents in Evolving Economic Environmentscited by 0

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2024Simulating Classroom Education with LLM-Empowered Agents
  2. 2026Computer Environments Elicit General Agentic Intelligence in LLMs
  3. 2024When LLMs Learn to be Students: The SOEI Framework for Modeling and Evaluating Virtual Student Agents in Educational Interaction
  4. 2025Interactionalism: Re-Designing Higher Learning for the Large Language Agent Era
  5. 2025LLM-Agent-Controller: A Universal Multi-Agent Large Language Model System as a Control Engineer
  6. 2023AgentTuning: Enabling Generalized Agent Abilities for LLMs
  7. 2024A Survey on Large Language Model-Based Game Agents
  8. 2024Synergistic Simulations: Multi-Agent Problem Solving with Large Language Models