Rating-based Reinforcement Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper develops a novel rating-based reinforcement learning approach that uses human ratings to obtain human guidance in reinforcement learning. Different from the existing preference-based and ranking-based reinforcement learning paradigms, based on human relative preferences over sample pairs, the proposed rating-based reinforcement learning approach is based on human evaluation of individual trajectories without relative comparisons between sample pairs. The rating-based reinforcement learning approach builds on a new prediction model for human ratings and a novel multi-class loss function. We conduct several experimental studies based on synthetic ratings and real human ratings to evaluate the effectiveness and benefits of the new rating-based reinforcement learning approach.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Jul 2023.
Builds on
22 of 36 references.
References · 22
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
- 2018Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actorcited by 4,635
- 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferencescited by 3,846
- 2015Continuous control with deep reinforcement learningcited by 3,279
- 2016Concrete Problems in AI Safetycited by 1,582
- 2016Guided Cost Learning: Deep Inverse Optimal Control via Policy Optimizationcited by 400
- 2018Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Ataricited by 314
- 2021PEBBLE: Feedback-Efficient Interactive Reinforcement Learning via Relabeling Experience and Unsupervised Pre-trainingcited by 298
- 2019Extrapolating Beyond Suboptimal Demonstrations via Inverse Reinforcement Learning from Observationscited by 256
- 2019Go-Explore: a New Approach for Hard-Exploration Problemscited by 207
- 2015Maximum Entropy Deep Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 173
- 2017Deep TAMER: Interactive Agent Shaping in High-Dimensional State Spacescited by 122
10 more
- 2021B-Pref: Benchmarking Preference-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 106
- 2022SURF: Semi-supervised Reward Learning with Data Augmentation for Feedback-efficient Preference-based Reinforcement Learningcited by 96
- 2020Safe Imitation Learning via Fast Bayesian Reward Inference from Preferencescited by 73
- 2020Learning Reward Functions from Diverse Sources of Human Feedback: Optimally Integrating Demonstrations and Preferencescited by 71
- 2019Asking Easy Questions: A User-Friendly Approach to Active Reward Learningcited by 67
- 2020Preference-based Reinforcement Learning with Finite-Time Guaranteescited by 65
- 2022Reward Uncertainty for Exploration in Preference-based Reinforcement Learningcited by 60
- 2021APReL: A Library for Active Preference-based Reward Learning Algorithmscited by 14
- 2020Human-guided Robot Behavior Learning: A GAN-assisted Preference-based Reinforcement Learning Approachcited by 10
- 2023BC-IRL: Learning Generalizable Reward Functions from Demonstrationscited by 7
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 3; 2026: 6.
14 papers.
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- 2024Uni-RLHF: Universal Platform and Benchmark Suite for Reinforcement Learning with Diverse Human Feedbackcited by 20
- 2025Enhancing Rating-Based Reinforcement Learning to Effectively Leverage Feedback from Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 15
- 2024Listwise Reward Estimation for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learningcited by 14
- 2024Leveraging Sub-Optimal Data for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2024Multi-Type Preference Learning: Empowering Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Equal Preferencescited by 2
- 2025Multi-Task Reward Learning from Human Ratingscited by 2
- 2025Human-Inspired Multi-Level Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Learning the Value Systems of Agents with Preference-based and Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Boosting Robustness in Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparsitycited by 0
- 2026Reward Learning through Ranking Mean Squared Errorcited by 0
- 2026AirSplat: Alignment and Rating for Robust Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026Distributed Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026Action- and Language-Conditioned Video Assessment for Embodied Control8 Aug 2026
- 2026CoRe: Combined Rewards with Vision-Language Model Feedback for Preference-Aligned Reinforcement Learning2 Jul 2026
- 2026Distributed Direct Preference Optimization20 May 2026
- 2026AirSplat: Alignment and Rating for Robust Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting26 Mar 2026
- 2026Learning the Value Systems of Agents with Preference-based and Inverse Reinforcement Learning4 Feb 2026
- 2026Reward Learning through Ranking Mean Squared Error14 Jan 2026
- 2025Enhancing Rating-Based Reinforcement Learning to Effectively Leverage Feedback from Large Vision-Language Models15 Jun 2025
- 2025Multi-Task Reward Learning from Human Ratings10 Jun 2025
- 2025Human-Inspired Multi-Level Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2025
- 2024Multi-Type Preference Learning: Empowering Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Equal Preferences11 Sep 2024
- 2024Listwise Reward Estimation for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning8 Aug 2024
- 2024Boosting Robustness in Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparsity10 Jun 2024
- 2024Uni-RLHF: Universal Platform and Benchmark Suite for Reinforcement Learning with Diverse Human Feedbackcited by 20
- 2024Listwise Reward Estimation for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learningcited by 14
- 2025Multi-Task Reward Learning from Human Ratingscited by 2
- 2026Reward Learning through Ranking Mean Squared Errorcited by 0
- 2026Distributed Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026Distributed Direct Preference Optimization20 May 2026
- 2026Reward Learning through Ranking Mean Squared Error14 Jan 2026
- 2025Multi-Task Reward Learning from Human Ratings10 Jun 2025
- 2024Listwise Reward Estimation for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning8 Aug 2024
- 2024Uni-RLHF: Universal Platform and Benchmark Suite for Reinforcement Learning with Diverse Human Feedback4 Feb 2024
- 2024Leveraging Sub-Optimal Data for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2024Multi-Type Preference Learning: Empowering Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Equal Preferencescited by 2
- 2025Human-Inspired Multi-Level Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Learning the Value Systems of Agents with Preference-based and Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Boosting Robustness in Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparsitycited by 0
- 2026AirSplat: Alignment and Rating for Robust Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026Action- and Language-Conditioned Video Assessment for Embodied Controlcited by 0
- 2026Action- and Language-Conditioned Video Assessment for Embodied Control8 Aug 2026
- 2026AirSplat: Alignment and Rating for Robust Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting26 Mar 2026
- 2026Learning the Value Systems of Agents with Preference-based and Inverse Reinforcement Learning4 Feb 2026
- 2025Human-Inspired Multi-Level Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2025
- 2024Multi-Type Preference Learning: Empowering Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Equal Preferences11 Sep 2024
- 2024Boosting Robustness in Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparsity10 Jun 2024
- 2024Leveraging Sub-Optimal Data for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning30 Apr 2024