Anchor3DLane: Learning to Regress 3D Anchors for Monocular 3D Lane Detection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Monocular 3D lane detection is a challenging task due to its lack of depth information. A popular solution is to first transform the front-viewed (FV) images or features into the bird-eye-view (BEV) space with inverse perspective mapping (IPM) and detect lanes from BEV features. However, the reliance of IPM on flat ground assumption and loss of context information make it inaccurate to restore 3D information from BEV representations. An attempt has been made to get rid of BEV and predict 3D lanes from FV representations directly, while it still underperforms other BEV-based methods given its lack of structured representation for 3D lanes. In this paper, we define 3D lane anchors in the 3D space and propose a BEV-free method named Anchor3DLane to predict 3D lanes directly from FV representations. 3D lane anchors are projected to the FV features to extract their features which contain both good structural and context information to make accurate predictions. In addition, we also develop a global optimization method that makes use of the equal-width property between lanes to reduce the lateral error of predictions. Extensive experiments on three popular 3D lane detection benchmarks show that our Anchor3DLane outperforms previous BEV-based methods and achieves state-of-the-art performances. The code is available at: https://github.com/tusen-ai/Anchor3DLane.
Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jan 2023.
Builds on
33 of 45 references.
References · 33
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- 2017Focal Loss for Dense Object Detectioncited by 749
- 2017Spatial As Deep: Spatial CNN for Traffic Scene Understandingcited by 187
- 2019Learning Lightweight Lane Detection CNNs by Self Attention Distillationcited by 162
- 2022PersFormer: 3D Lane Detection via Perspective Transformer and the OpenLane Benchmarkcited by 140
- 2020Keep your Eyes on the Lane: Real-time Attention-guided Lane Detectioncited by 137
21 more
- 2018Towards End-to-End Lane Detection: an Instance Segmentation Approachcited by 129
- 2020Ultra Fast Structure-aware Deep Lane Detectioncited by 121
- 2020End-to-end Lane Shape Prediction with Transformerscited by 111
- 20183D-LaneNet: End-to-End 3D Multiple Lane Detectioncited by 106
- 2020PolyLaneNet: Lane Estimation via Deep Polynomial Regressioncited by 95
- 2021CondLaneNet: a Top-to-down Lane Detection Framework Based on Conditional Convolutioncited by 95
- 2022CLRNet: Cross Layer Refinement Network for Lane Detectioncited by 82
- 2018An LSTM Network for Highway Trajectory Predictioncited by 81
- 2020Key Points Estimation and Point Instance Segmentation Approach for Lane Detectioncited by 77
- 2020Gen-LaneNet: A Generalized and Scalable Approach for 3D Lane Detectioncited by 75
- 2022A Keypoint-based Global Association Network for Lane Detectioncited by 68
- 2021Focus on Local: Detecting Lane Marker from Bottom Up via Key Pointcited by 65
- 2022ONCE-3DLanes: Building Monocular 3D Lane Detectioncited by 44
- 2014Real time Detection of Lane Markers in Urban Streetscited by 41
- 20203D-LaneNet+: Anchor Free Lane Detection using a Semi-Local Representationcited by 32
- 2022Eigenlanes: Data-Driven Lane Descriptors for Structurally Diverse Lanescited by 32
- 2019Deep Multi-Sensor Lane Detectioncited by 30
- 2021Learning to Predict 3D Lane Shape and Camera Pose from a Single Image via Geometry Constraintscited by 30
- 2020AVP-SLAM: Semantic Visual Mapping and Localization for Autonomous Vehicles in the Parking Lotcited by 23
- 2022RCLane: Relay Chain Prediction for Lane Detectioncited by 20
- 2022Lane Detection with Versatile AtrousFormer and Local Semantic Guidancecited by 7
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 12; 2024: 18; 2025: 12; 2026: 6.
48 papers.
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- 2023Panacea: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 165
- 2023LaneSegNet: Map Learning with Lane Segment Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 57
- 2023Online Map Vectorization for Autonomous Driving: A Rasterization Perspectivecited by 54
- 2024HIMap: HybrId Representation Learning for End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 48
- 2023Online Vectorized HD Map Construction using Geometrycited by 42
- 2024Enhancing Vectorized Map Perception with Historical Rasterized Mapscited by 29
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priorscited by 21
- 2024LaneCPP: Continuous 3D Lane Detection using Physical Priorscited by 17
- 2023GroupLane: End-to-End 3D Lane Detection with Channel-wise Groupingcited by 11
- 2024CurveFormer++: 3D Lane Detection by Curve Propagation with Temporal Curve Queries and Attentioncited by 10
- 2024Seeing Beyond Views: Multi-View Driving Scene Video Generation with Holistic Attentioncited by 10
- 2023Sparse Dense Fusion for 3D Object Detectioncited by 9
36 more
- 2024Monocular 3D lane detection for Autonomous Driving: Recent Achievements, Challenges, and Outlookscited by 9
- 2024DV-3DLane: End-to-end Multi-modal 3D Lane Detection with Dual-view Representationcited by 9
- 2024MGMapNet: Multi-Granularity Representation Learning for End-to-End Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 9
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2024SparseFusion: Efficient Sparse Multi-Modal Fusion Framework for Long-Range 3D Perceptioncited by 8
- 2024Anchor3DLane++: 3D Lane Detection via Sample-Adaptive Sparse 3D Anchor Regressioncited by 8
- 2023An Efficient Transformer for Simultaneous Learning of BEV and Lane Representations in 3D Lane Detectioncited by 7
- 2023Robust Lane Detection through Self Pre-training with Masked Sequential Autoencoders and Fine-tuning with Customized PolyLosscited by 5
- 2024BezierFormer: A Unified Architecture for 2D and 3D Lane Detectioncited by 5
- 2024RepVF: A Unified Vector Fields Representation for Multi-task 3D Perceptioncited by 5
- 2024Panacea+: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
- 2024TopoBDA: Towards Bezier Deformable Attention for Road Topology Understandingcited by 5
- 2023Decoupling the Curve Modeling and Pavement Regression for Lane Detectioncited by 4
- 2023Advancements in 3D Lane Detection Using LiDAR Point Clouds: From Data Collection to Model Developmentcited by 4
- 2024HeightLane: BEV Heightmap guided 3D Lane Detectioncited by 4
- 2024Monocular Lane Detection Based on Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 4
- 2026SparseLaneSTP: Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Priors with Sparse Transformers for 3D Lane Detectioncited by 4
- 2023Deep Single Image Camera Calibration by Heatmap Regression to Recover Fisheye Images Under Manhattan World Assumptioncited by 3
- 2025GLane3D : Detecting Lanes with Graph of 3D Keypointscited by 3
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignmentcited by 3
- 2025Rethinking Lanes and Points in Complex Scenarios for Monocular 3D Lane Detectioncited by 2
- 2025Geometry-Guided Representations for Coherent Lane and Traffic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenescited by 2
- 2026InterPReT: Interactive Policy Restructuring and Training Enable Effective Imitation Learning from Laypersonscited by 2
- 2024QuadBEV: An Efficient Quadruple-Task Perception Framework via Bird's-Eye-View Representationcited by 1
- 2025Depth3DLane: Monocular 3D Lane Detection via Depth Prior Distillationcited by 1
- 2025DB3D-L: Depth-aware BEV Feature Transformation for Accurate 3D Lane Detectioncited by 1
- 2025SC-Lane: Slope-aware and Consistent Road Height Estimation Framework for 3D Lane Detectioncited by 1
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoningcited by 1
- 2023P2AT: Pyramid Pooling Axial Transformer for Real-time Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2025Breaking Down Monocular Ambiguity: Exploiting Temporal Evolution for 3D Lane Detectioncited by 0
- 2025Depth3DLane: Fusing Monocular 3D Lane Detection with Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 0
- 2025Monocular 3D Lane Detection via Structure Uncertainty-Aware Network with Curve-Point Queriescited by 0
- 2025Temporal-Anchor3DLane: Enhanced 3D Lane Detection with Multi-Task Losses and LSTM Fusioncited by 0
- 2026ReManNet: A Riemannian Manifold Network for Monocular 3D Lane Detectioncited by 0
- 2026HSDF-Lane: Height-Aligned Signed Distance Field with Semantic Lane Prior for 3D Lane Detectioncited by 0
- 20263D Lane Detection with Odometry for High-Speed Vehicle Racingcited by 0
- 20263D Lane Detection with Odometry for High-Speed Vehicle Racing15 Jul 2026
- 2026HSDF-Lane: Height-Aligned Signed Distance Field with Semantic Lane Prior for 3D Lane Detection30 Jun 2026
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoning9 May 2026
- 2026ReManNet: A Riemannian Manifold Network for Monocular 3D Lane Detection20 Mar 2026
- 2026InterPReT: Interactive Policy Restructuring and Training Enable Effective Imitation Learning from Laypersons4 Feb 2026
- 2026SparseLaneSTP: Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Priors with Sparse Transformers for 3D Lane Detection8 Jan 2026
- 2025Temporal-Anchor3DLane: Enhanced 3D Lane Detection with Multi-Task Losses and LSTM Fusion5 Dec 2025
- 2025Monocular 3D Lane Detection via Structure Uncertainty-Aware Network with Curve-Point Queries17 Nov 2025
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignment21 Aug 2025
- 2025SC-Lane: Slope-aware and Consistent Road Height Estimation Framework for 3D Lane Detection14 Aug 2025
- 2025Depth3DLane: Fusing Monocular 3D Lane Detection with Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation18 Jul 2025
- 2025Geometry-Guided Representations for Coherent Lane and Traffic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenes16 Jun 2025
36 more
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Driving23 May 2025
- 2025DB3D-L: Depth-aware BEV Feature Transformation for Accurate 3D Lane Detection19 May 2025
- 2025Breaking Down Monocular Ambiguity: Exploiting Temporal Evolution for 3D Lane Detection29 Apr 2025
- 2025Depth3DLane: Monocular 3D Lane Detection via Depth Prior Distillation25 Apr 2025
- 2025GLane3D : Detecting Lanes with Graph of 3D Keypoints31 Mar 2025
- 2025Rethinking Lanes and Points in Complex Scenarios for Monocular 3D Lane Detection8 Mar 2025
- 2024TopoBDA: Towards Bezier Deformable Attention for Road Topology Understanding25 Dec 2024
- 2024Anchor3DLane++: 3D Lane Detection via Sample-Adaptive Sparse 3D Anchor Regression22 Dec 2024
- 2024Seeing Beyond Views: Multi-View Driving Scene Video Generation with Holistic Attention4 Dec 2024
- 2024Monocular Lane Detection Based on Deep Learning: A Survey25 Nov 2024
- 2024MGMapNet: Multi-Granularity Representation Learning for End-to-End Vectorized HD Map Construction10 Oct 2024
- 2024QuadBEV: An Efficient Quadruple-Task Perception Framework via Bird's-Eye-View Representation9 Oct 2024
- 2024Enhancing Vectorized Map Perception with Historical Rasterized Maps1 Sep 2024
- 2024HeightLane: BEV Heightmap guided 3D Lane Detection15 Aug 2024
- 2024Panacea+: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Driving14 Aug 2024
- 2024RepVF: A Unified Vector Fields Representation for Multi-task 3D Perception15 Jul 2024
- 2024DV-3DLane: End-to-end Multi-modal 3D Lane Detection with Dual-view Representation23 Jun 2024
- 2024LaneCPP: Continuous 3D Lane Detection using Physical Priors12 Jun 2024
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priors5 Jun 2024
- 2024BezierFormer: A Unified Architecture for 2D and 3D Lane Detection25 Apr 2024
- 2024Monocular 3D lane detection for Autonomous Driving: Recent Achievements, Challenges, and Outlooks10 Apr 2024
- 2024SparseFusion: Efficient Sparse Multi-Modal Fusion Framework for Long-Range 3D Perception15 Mar 2024
- 2024HIMap: HybrId Representation Learning for End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Construction13 Mar 2024
- 2024CurveFormer++: 3D Lane Detection by Curve Propagation with Temporal Curve Queries and Attention9 Feb 2024
- 2023LaneSegNet: Map Learning with Lane Segment Perception for Autonomous Driving26 Dec 2023
- 2023Online Vectorized HD Map Construction using Geometry6 Dec 2023
- 2023Panacea: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Driving28 Nov 2023
- 2023P2AT: Pyramid Pooling Axial Transformer for Real-time Semantic Segmentation23 Oct 2023
- 2023Advancements in 3D Lane Detection Using LiDAR Point Clouds: From Data Collection to Model Development24 Sep 2023
- 2023Decoupling the Curve Modeling and Pavement Regression for Lane Detection19 Sep 2023
- 2023GroupLane: End-to-End 3D Lane Detection with Channel-wise Grouping18 Jul 2023
- 2023Online Map Vectorization for Autonomous Driving: A Rasterization Perspective18 Jun 2023
- 2023An Efficient Transformer for Simultaneous Learning of BEV and Lane Representations in 3D Lane Detection8 Jun 2023
- 2023Robust Lane Detection through Self Pre-training with Masked Sequential Autoencoders and Fine-tuning with Customized PolyLoss26 May 2023
- 2023Sparse Dense Fusion for 3D Object Detection9 Apr 2023
- 2023Deep Single Image Camera Calibration by Heatmap Regression to Recover Fisheye Images Under Manhattan World Assumption30 Mar 2023
- 2023Panacea: Panoramic and Controllable Video Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 165
- 2023Online Map Vectorization for Autonomous Driving: A Rasterization Perspectivecited by 54
- 2024HIMap: HybrId Representation Learning for End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 48
- 2023Online Vectorized HD Map Construction using Geometrycited by 42
- 2024Enhancing Vectorized Map Perception with Historical Rasterized Mapscited by 29
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priorscited by 21
- 2024LaneCPP: Continuous 3D Lane Detection using Physical Priorscited by 17
- 2023GroupLane: End-to-End 3D Lane Detection with Channel-wise Groupingcited by 11
- 2024CurveFormer++: 3D Lane Detection by Curve Propagation with Temporal Curve Queries and Attentioncited by 10
- 2024Seeing Beyond Views: Multi-View Driving Scene Video Generation with Holistic Attentioncited by 10
- 2023Sparse Dense Fusion for 3D Object Detectioncited by 9
- 2024Monocular 3D lane detection for Autonomous Driving: Recent Achievements, Challenges, and Outlookscited by 9
12 most cited of 45 All 45 (JSON)
- 20263D Lane Detection with Odometry for High-Speed Vehicle Racing15 Jul 2026
- 2026HSDF-Lane: Height-Aligned Signed Distance Field with Semantic Lane Prior for 3D Lane Detection30 Jun 2026
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoning9 May 2026
- 2026ReManNet: A Riemannian Manifold Network for Monocular 3D Lane Detection20 Mar 2026
- 2026SparseLaneSTP: Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Priors with Sparse Transformers for 3D Lane Detection8 Jan 2026
- 2025Temporal-Anchor3DLane: Enhanced 3D Lane Detection with Multi-Task Losses and LSTM Fusion5 Dec 2025
- 2025Monocular 3D Lane Detection via Structure Uncertainty-Aware Network with Curve-Point Queries17 Nov 2025
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignment21 Aug 2025
- 2025SC-Lane: Slope-aware and Consistent Road Height Estimation Framework for 3D Lane Detection14 Aug 2025
- 2025Depth3DLane: Fusing Monocular 3D Lane Detection with Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation18 Jul 2025
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Driving23 May 2025
- 2025DB3D-L: Depth-aware BEV Feature Transformation for Accurate 3D Lane Detection19 May 2025
12 newest of 45 All 45 (JSON)