STAR: SQL Guided Pre-Training for Context-dependent Text-to-SQL Parsing
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we propose a novel SQL guided pre-training framework STAR for context-dependent text-to-SQL parsing, which leverages contextual information to enrich natural language (NL) utterance and table schema representations for text-to-SQL conversations. Concretely, we propose two novel pre-training objectives which respectively explore the context-dependent interactions of NL utterances and SQL queries within each text-to-SQL conversation: (i) schema state tracking (SST) objective that tracks and explores the schema states of context-dependent SQL queries in the form of schema-states by predicting and updating the value of each schema slot during interaction; (ii) utterance dependency tracking (UDT) objective that employs weighted contrastive learning to pull together two semantically similar NL utterances and push away the representations of semantically dissimilar NL utterances within each conversation. In addition, we construct a high-quality large-scale context-dependent text-to-SQL conversation corpus to pre-train STAR. Extensive experiments show that STAR achieves new state-of-the-art performance on two downstream benchmarks (SParC and CoSQL), significantly outperforming previous pre-training methods and ranking first on the leaderboard. We believe the release of the constructed corpus, codebase and pre-trained STAR checkpoints would push forward the research in this area. For reproducibility, we release our code and data at https://github.com/AlibabaResearch/DAMO-ConvAI/tree/main/star.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 31 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Oct 2022.
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31 of 41 references.
References · 31
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- 2018Spider: A Large-Scale Human-Labeled Dataset for Complex and Cross-Domain Semantic Parsing and Text-to-SQL Taskcited by 1,139
- 2017Seq2SQL: Generating Structured Queries from Natural Language using Reinforcement Learningcited by 687
- 2020TAPAS: Weakly Supervised Table Parsing via Pre-trainingcited by 434
- 2019RAT-SQL: Relation-Aware Schema Encoding and Linking for Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 424
- 2021PICARD: Parsing Incrementally for Constrained Auto-Regressive Decoding from Language Modelscited by 411
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19 more
- 2021TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executorcited by 235
- 2019CoSQL: A Conversational Text-to-SQL Challenge Towards Cross-Domain Natural Language Interfaces to Databasescited by 185
- 2020GraPPa: Grammar-Augmented Pre-Training for Table Semantic Parsingcited by 171
- 2019SParC: Cross-Domain Semantic Parsing in Contextcited by 144
- 2020Structure-Grounded Pretraining for Text-to-SQLcited by 126
- 2021LGESQL: Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL Model with Mixed Local and Non-Local Relationscited by 119
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- 2020Learning Contextual Representations for Semantic Parsing with Generation-Augmented Pre-Trainingcited by 65
- 2022A Survey on Text-to-SQL Parsing: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 52
- 2022S2SQL: Injecting Syntax to Question-Schema Interaction Graph Encoder for Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 41
- 2022Proton: Probing Schema Linking Information from Pre-trained Language Models for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 30
- 2020IGSQL: Database Schema Interaction Graph Based Neural Model for Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL Generationcited by 29
- 2021Awakening Latent Grounding from Pretrained Language Models for Semantic Parsingcited by 28
- 2022HIE-SQL: History Information Enhanced Network for Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL Semantic Parsingcited by 26
- 2021Logic-Consistency Text Generation from Semantic Parsescited by 23
- 2020Tracking Interaction States for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Semantic Parsingcited by 18
- 2021Decoupled Dialogue Modeling and Semantic Parsing for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQLcited by 13
- 2022SUN: Exploring Intrinsic Uncertainties in Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 7
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 11; 2024: 5; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
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- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLscited by 688
- 2023Large Language Models are Versatile Decomposers: Decompose Evidence and Questions for Table-based Reasoningcited by 178
- 2024Next-Generation Database Interfaces: A Survey of LLM-based Text-to-SQLcited by 120
- 2023A comprehensive evaluation of ChatGPT's zero-shot Text-to-SQL capabilitycited by 119
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 93
- 2023MultiTabQA: Generating Tabular Answers for Multi-Table Question Answeringcited by 32
- 2023Effective Distillation of Table-based Reasoning Ability from LLMscited by 23
- 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrievalcited by 16
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editionscited by 13
- 2023Retrieval-augmented GPT-3.5-based Text-to-SQL Framework with Sample-aware Prompting and Dynamic Revision Chaincited by 12
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 8
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7 more
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- 2023SQLformer: Deep Auto-Regressive Query Graph Generation for Text-to-SQL Translationcited by 3
- 2024Filling Memory Gaps: Enhancing Continual Semantic Parsing via SQL Syntax Variance-Guided LLMs without Real Data Replaycited by 3
- 2023Correcting Semantic Parses with Natural Language through Dynamic Schema Encodingcited by 2
- 2023Exploring the Compositional Generalization in Context Dependent Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 2
- 2024PromptMind Team at EHRSQL-2024: Improving Reliability of SQL Generation using Ensemble LLMscited by 2
- 2026Track-SQL: Enhancing Generative Language Models with Dual-Extractive Modules for Schema and Context Tracking in Multi-turn Text-to-SQLcited by 0
- 2026Track-SQL: Enhancing Generative Language Models with Dual-Extractive Modules for Schema and Context Tracking in Multi-turn Text-to-SQL6 Mar 2026
- 2025Plugging Schema Graph into Multi-Table QA: A Human-Guided Framework for Reducing LLM Reliance4 Jun 2025
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Review19 May 2025
- 2024Filling Memory Gaps: Enhancing Continual Semantic Parsing via SQL Syntax Variance-Guided LLMs without Real Data Replay10 Dec 2024
- 2024Next-Generation Database Interfaces: A Survey of LLM-based Text-to-SQL12 Jun 2024
- 2024EHR-SeqSQL : A Sequential Text-to-SQL Dataset For Interactively Exploring Electronic Health Records23 May 2024
- 2024PromptMind Team at EHRSQL-2024: Improving Reliability of SQL Generation using Ensemble LLMs14 May 2024
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editions4 May 2024
- 2023SQLformer: Deep Auto-Regressive Query Graph Generation for Text-to-SQL Translation27 Oct 2023
- 2023Effective Distillation of Table-based Reasoning Ability from LLMs22 Sep 2023
- 2023Retrieval-augmented GPT-3.5-based Text-to-SQL Framework with Sample-aware Prompting and Dynamic Revision Chain11 Jul 2023
- 2023Correcting Semantic Parses with Natural Language through Dynamic Schema Encoding31 May 2023
7 more
- 2023Exploring the Compositional Generalization in Context Dependent Text-to-SQL Parsing29 May 2023
- 2023MultiTabQA: Generating Tabular Answers for Multi-Table Question Answering22 May 2023
- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLs4 May 2023
- 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrieval26 Apr 2023
- 2023A comprehensive evaluation of ChatGPT's zero-shot Text-to-SQL capability12 Mar 2023
- 2023Large Language Models are Versatile Decomposers: Decompose Evidence and Questions for Table-based Reasoning31 Jan 2023
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsing18 Jan 2023
- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLscited by 688
- 2024Next-Generation Database Interfaces: A Survey of LLM-based Text-to-SQLcited by 120
- 2023A comprehensive evaluation of ChatGPT's zero-shot Text-to-SQL capabilitycited by 119
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 93
- 2023MultiTabQA: Generating Tabular Answers for Multi-Table Question Answeringcited by 32
- 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrievalcited by 16
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editionscited by 13
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 8
- 2025Plugging Schema Graph into Multi-Table QA: A Human-Guided Framework for Reducing LLM Reliancecited by 7
- 2024EHR-SeqSQL : A Sequential Text-to-SQL Dataset For Interactively Exploring Electronic Health Recordscited by 5
- 2023SQLformer: Deep Auto-Regressive Query Graph Generation for Text-to-SQL Translationcited by 3
- 2024Filling Memory Gaps: Enhancing Continual Semantic Parsing via SQL Syntax Variance-Guided LLMs without Real Data Replaycited by 3
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Track-SQL: Enhancing Generative Language Models with Dual-Extractive Modules for Schema and Context Tracking in Multi-turn Text-to-SQL6 Mar 2026
- 2025Plugging Schema Graph into Multi-Table QA: A Human-Guided Framework for Reducing LLM Reliance4 Jun 2025
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Review19 May 2025
- 2024Filling Memory Gaps: Enhancing Continual Semantic Parsing via SQL Syntax Variance-Guided LLMs without Real Data Replay10 Dec 2024
- 2024Next-Generation Database Interfaces: A Survey of LLM-based Text-to-SQL12 Jun 2024
- 2024EHR-SeqSQL : A Sequential Text-to-SQL Dataset For Interactively Exploring Electronic Health Records23 May 2024
- 2024PromptMind Team at EHRSQL-2024: Improving Reliability of SQL Generation using Ensemble LLMs14 May 2024
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editions4 May 2024
- 2023SQLformer: Deep Auto-Regressive Query Graph Generation for Text-to-SQL Translation27 Oct 2023
- 2023Correcting Semantic Parses with Natural Language through Dynamic Schema Encoding31 May 2023
- 2023Exploring the Compositional Generalization in Context Dependent Text-to-SQL Parsing29 May 2023
- 2023MultiTabQA: Generating Tabular Answers for Multi-Table Question Answering22 May 2023
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)