Grounded Adaptation for Zero-shot Executable Semantic Parsing
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose Grounded Adaptation for Zero-shot Executable Semantic Parsing (GAZP) to adapt an existing semantic parser to new environments (e.g. new database schemas). GAZP combines a forward semantic parser with a backward utterance generator to synthesize data (e.g. utterances and SQL queries) in the new environment, then selects cycle-consistent examples to adapt the parser. Unlike data-augmentation, which typically synthesizes unverified examples in the training environment, GAZP synthesizes examples in the new environment whose input-output consistency are verified. On the Spider, Sparc, and CoSQL zero-shot semantic parsing tasks, GAZP improves logical form and execution accuracy of the baseline parser. Our analyses show that GAZP outperforms data-augmentation in the training environment, performance increases with the amount of GAZP-synthesized data, and cycle-consistency is central to successful adaptation.
Key facts. Cited by 76 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 16 Sep 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 19; 2022: 20; 2023: 18; 2024: 6; 2025: 10; 2026: 3.
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- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLscited by 667
- 2021A Survey of Data Augmentation Approaches for NLPcited by 408
- 2021TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executorcited by 233
- 2021LGESQL: Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL Model with Mixed Local and Non-Local Relationscited by 119
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 93
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scalecited by 90
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- 2021Break-It-Fix-It: Unsupervised Learning for Program Repaircited by 71
- 2021Natural SQL: Making SQL Easier to Infer from Natural Language Specificationscited by 66
- 2023ACT-SQL: In-Context Learning for Text-to-SQL with Automatically-Generated Chain-of-Thoughtcited by 65
- 2022A Survey on Text-to-SQL Parsing: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 51
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expectcited by 47
38 more
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- 2023Skill-Based Few-Shot Selection for In-Context Learningcited by 46
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- 2021Learning to Synthesize Data for Semantic Parsingcited by 41
- 2022SeqZero: Few-shot Compositional Semantic Parsing with Sequential Prompts and Zero-shot Modelscited by 38
- 2021ShadowGNN: Graph Projection Neural Network for Text-to-SQL Parsercited by 35
- 2024Knowledge-to-SQL: Enhancing SQL Generation with Data Expert LLMcited by 35
- 2023Evaluating Cross-Domain Text-to-SQL Models and Benchmarkscited by 32
- 2021Finding needles in a haystack: Sampling Structurally-diverse Training Sets from Synthetic Data for Compositional Generalizationcited by 27
- 2022Importance of Synthesizing High-quality Data for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 27
- 2021Dual Reader-Parser on Hybrid Textual and Tabular Evidence for Open Domain Question Answeringcited by 25
- 2023Interleaving Pre-Trained Language Models and Large Language Models for Zero-Shot NL2SQL Generationcited by 24
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQLcited by 21
- 2021Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Semantic Parsingcited by 19
- 2022STAR: SQL Guided Pre-Training for Context-dependent Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 19
- 2023S3Eval: A Synthetic, Scalable, Systematic Evaluation Suite for Large Language Modelscited by 18
- 2022PLOG: Table-to-Logic Pretraining for Logical Table-to-Text Generationcited by 16
- 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrievalcited by 16
- 2021From Paraphrasing to Semantic Parsing: Unsupervised Semantic Parsing via Synchronous Semantic Decodingcited by 14
- 2023From Zero to Hero: Examining the Power of Symbolic Tasks in Instruction Tuningcited by 14
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editionscited by 13
- 2022Privacy-Preserving Domain Adaptation of Semantic Parserscited by 12
- 2023Generating Data for Symbolic Language with Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2023Retrieval-augmented GPT-3.5-based Text-to-SQL Framework with Sample-aware Prompting and Dynamic Revision Chaincited by 12
- 2021Hierarchical Neural Data Synthesis for Semantic Parsingcited by 11
- 2022CQR-SQL: Conversational Question Reformulation Enhanced Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 11
- 2022Meta-Learning a Cross-lingual Manifold for Semantic Parsingcited by 11
- 2024You Only Read Once (YORO): Learning to Internalize Database Knowledge for Text-to-SQLcited by 11
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQLcited by 11
- 2021DG2: Data Augmentation Through Document Grounded Dialogue Generationcited by 10
- 2023LLM-SQL-Solver: Can LLMs Determine SQL Equivalence?cited by 10
- 2022Augmenting Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Datasets with Self-Playcited by 9
- 2021SPARQLing Database Queries from Intermediate Question Decompositionscited by 7
- 2022Addressing Resource and Privacy Constraints in Semantic Parsing Through Data Augmentationcited by 7
- 2022SUN: Exploring Intrinsic Uncertainties in Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 7
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 7
- 2023Measuring and Mitigating Constraint Violations of In-Context Learning for Utterance-to-API Semantic Parsingcited by 6
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotationcited by 6
50 most cited of 76 All 76 (JSON)
- 2026COAL-SQL: Coverage-Guided Augmentation and Failure-Driven Learning for Text-to-SQL Post-Training4 Aug 2026
- 2026Boundary-Aware NL2SQL: Integrating Reliability through Hybrid Reward and Data Synthesis15 Jan 2026
- 2026RingSQL: Schema-Independent Synthetic Data Generation for Text-to-SQL Reinforcement Learning9 Jan 2026
- 2025Skeletons Matter: Dynamic Data Augmentation for Text-to-Query24 Nov 2025
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQL13 Nov 2025
- 2025MTSQL-R1: Towards Long-Horizon Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL via Agentic Training12 Oct 2025
- 2025NL2GenSym: Natural Language to Generative Symbolic Rules for SOAR Cognitive Architecture via Large Language Models10 Oct 2025
- 2025GradeSQL: Test-Time Inference with Outcome Reward Models for Text-to-SQL Generation from Large Language Models1 Sep 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL for Enterprise Data Analytics18 Jul 2025
- 2025REFORMER: A ChatGPT-Driven Data Synthesis Framework Elevating Text-to-SQL Models6 Apr 2025
- 2025Domain Specific Question to SQL Conversion with Embedded Data Balancing Technique28 Mar 2025
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale4 Mar 2025
38 more
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
- 2024EzSQL: An SQL intermediate representation for improving SQL-to-text Generation28 Nov 2024
- 2024You Only Read Once (YORO): Learning to Internalize Database Knowledge for Text-to-SQL18 Sep 2024
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editions4 May 2024
- 2024Schema-Aware Multi-Task Learning for Complex Text-to-SQL9 Mar 2024
- 2024Knowledge-to-SQL: Enhancing SQL Generation with Data Expert LLM18 Feb 2024
- 2024Improving Generalization in Semantic Parsing by Increasing Natural Language Variation13 Feb 2024
- 2023LLM-SQL-Solver: Can LLMs Determine SQL Equivalence?16 Dec 2023
- 2023Fine-Tuning Language Models for Context-Specific SQL Query Generation4 Dec 2023
- 2023ASTormer: An AST Structure-aware Transformer Decoder for Text-to-SQL28 Oct 2023
- 2023Evaluating Cross-Domain Text-to-SQL Models and Benchmarks27 Oct 2023
- 2023ACT-SQL: In-Context Learning for Text-to-SQL with Automatically-Generated Chain-of-Thought26 Oct 2023
- 2023S3Eval: A Synthetic, Scalable, Systematic Evaluation Suite for Large Language Models23 Oct 2023
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL10 Oct 2023
- 2023Retrieval-augmented GPT-3.5-based Text-to-SQL Framework with Sample-aware Prompting and Dynamic Revision Chain11 Jul 2023
- 2023Interleaving Pre-Trained Language Models and Large Language Models for Zero-Shot NL2SQL Generation15 Jun 2023
- 2023Measuring and Mitigating Constraint Violations of In-Context Learning for Utterance-to-API Semantic Parsing24 May 2023
- 2023Skill-Based Few-Shot Selection for In-Context Learning23 May 2023
- 2023Generating Data for Symbolic Language with Large Language Models23 May 2023
- 2023QURG: Question Rewriting Guided Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL Semantic Parsing11 May 2023
- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLs4 May 2023
- 2023Controllable Data Augmentation for Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL27 Apr 2023
- 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrieval26 Apr 2023
- 2023From Zero to Hero: Examining the Power of Symbolic Tasks in Instruction Tuning17 Apr 2023
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsing18 Jan 2023
- 2022Privacy-Preserving Domain Adaptation of Semantic Parsers20 Dec 2022
- 2022MIGA: A Unified Multi-task Generation Framework for Conversational Text-to-SQL19 Dec 2022
- 2022Importance of Synthesizing High-quality Data for Text-to-SQL Parsing17 Dec 2022
- 2022A Short Survey of Systematic Generalization22 Nov 2022
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parsers29 Oct 2022
- 2022Augmenting Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Datasets with Self-Play21 Oct 2022
- 2022STAR: SQL Guided Pre-Training for Context-dependent Text-to-SQL Parsing21 Oct 2022
- 2022Named Entity Recognition in Industrial Tables using Tabular Language Models29 Sep 2022
- 2022Meta-Learning a Cross-lingual Manifold for Semantic Parsing26 Sep 2022
- 2022SUN: Exploring Intrinsic Uncertainties in Text-to-SQL Parsers14 Sep 2022
- 2022A Survey on Text-to-SQL Parsing: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directions29 Aug 2022
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expect22 Aug 2022
- 2022Cross-TOP: Zero-Shot Cross-Schema Task-Oriented Parsing10 Jun 2022
50 newest of 76 All 76 (JSON)
- 2021Hierarchical Neural Data Synthesis for Semantic Parsingcited by 11
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 7
- 2026RingSQL: Schema-Independent Synthetic Data Generation for Text-to-SQL Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Boundary-Aware NL2SQL: Integrating Reliability through Hybrid Reward and Data Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026Boundary-Aware NL2SQL: Integrating Reliability through Hybrid Reward and Data Synthesis15 Jan 2026
- 2026RingSQL: Schema-Independent Synthetic Data Generation for Text-to-SQL Reinforcement Learning9 Jan 2026
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parsers29 Oct 2022
- 2021Hierarchical Neural Data Synthesis for Semantic Parsing4 Dec 2021
- 2023Can LLM Already Serve as A Database Interface? A BIg Bench for Large-Scale Database Grounded Text-to-SQLscited by 667
- 2021A Survey of Data Augmentation Approaches for NLPcited by 408
- 2021TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executorcited by 233
- 2021LGESQL: Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL Model with Mixed Local and Non-Local Relationscited by 119
- 2023Graphix-T5: Mixing Pre-Trained Transformers with Graph-Aware Layers for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 93
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scalecited by 90
- 2022RASAT: Integrating Relational Structures into Pretrained Seq2Seq Model for Text-to-SQLcited by 85
- 2021Break-It-Fix-It: Unsupervised Learning for Program Repaircited by 71
- 2021Natural SQL: Making SQL Easier to Infer from Natural Language Specificationscited by 66
- 2022A Survey on Text-to-SQL Parsing: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 51
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expectcited by 47
- 2021Improving Compositional Generalization with Latent Structure and Data Augmentationcited by 46
12 most cited of 68 All 68 (JSON)
- 2026COAL-SQL: Coverage-Guided Augmentation and Failure-Driven Learning for Text-to-SQL Post-Training4 Aug 2026
- 2025Skeletons Matter: Dynamic Data Augmentation for Text-to-Query24 Nov 2025
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQL13 Nov 2025
- 2025NL2GenSym: Natural Language to Generative Symbolic Rules for SOAR Cognitive Architecture via Large Language Models10 Oct 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL for Enterprise Data Analytics18 Jul 2025
- 2025REFORMER: A ChatGPT-Driven Data Synthesis Framework Elevating Text-to-SQL Models6 Apr 2025
- 2025Domain Specific Question to SQL Conversion with Embedded Data Balancing Technique28 Mar 2025
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale4 Mar 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
- 2024EzSQL: An SQL intermediate representation for improving SQL-to-text Generation28 Nov 2024
- 2024You Only Read Once (YORO): Learning to Internalize Database Knowledge for Text-to-SQL18 Sep 2024
- 2024CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editions4 May 2024
12 newest of 68 All 68 (JSON)