Keys to Better Image Inpainting: Structure and Texture Go Hand in Hand
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep image inpainting has made impressive progress with recent advances in image generation and processing algorithms. We claim that the performance of inpainting algorithms can be better judged by the generated structures and textures. Structures refer to the generated object boundary or novel geometric structures within the hole, while texture refers to high-frequency details, especially man-made repeating patterns filled inside the structural regions. We believe that better structures are usually obtained from a coarse-to-fine GAN-based generator network while repeating patterns nowadays can be better modeled using state-of-the-art high-frequency fast fourier convolutional layers. In this paper, we propose a novel inpainting network combining the advantages of the two designs. Therefore, our model achieves a remarkable visual quality to match state-of-the-art performance in both structure generation and repeating texture synthesis using a single network. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, and our conclusions further highlight the two critical factors of image inpainting quality, structures, and textures, as the future design directions of inpainting networks.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Aug 2022.
Builds on
34 of 60 references.
References · 34
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22 more
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- 2018Free-Form Image Inpainting with Gated Convolutioncited by 594
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- 2022CM-GAN: Image Inpainting with Cascaded Modulation GAN and Object-Aware Trainingcited by 49
- 2021TransFill: Reference-guided Image Inpainting by Merging Multiple Color and Spatial Transformationscited by 48
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- 2020Learning Oracle Attention for High-fidelity Face Completioncited by 21
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 8; 2024: 11; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
25 papers.
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- 2022SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 144
- 2023Image Restoration Through Generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Bridgecited by 41
- 2023Reference-guided Controllable Inpainting of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 40
- 2024RAD: Region-Aware Diffusion Models for Image Inpaintingcited by 19
- 2024PrefPaint: Aligning Image Inpainting Diffusion Model with Human Preferencecited by 17
- 2023MaGIC: Multi-modality Guided Image Completioncited by 14
- 2025GeoRemover: Removing Objects and Their Causal Visual Artifactscited by 9
- 2023Deficiency-Aware Masked Transformer for Video Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2023Automatic High Resolution Wire Segmentation and Removalcited by 4
- 2024Reconstructing the Image Stitching Pipeline: Integrating Fusion and Rectangling into a Unified Inpainting Modelcited by 4
- 2024Learning Position-Aware Implicit Neural Network for Real-World Face Inpaintingcited by 3
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localizationcited by 3
13 more
- 2025From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion with Context-Adaptive Diffusioncited by 2
- 2023Compensation Sampling for Improved Convergence in Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2024DMAT: A Dynamic Mask-Aware Transformer for Human De-occlusioncited by 1
- 2024Gorgeous: Create Your Desired Character Facial Makeup from Any Ideascited by 1
- 2024Inpainting the Gaps: A Novel Framework for Evaluating Explanation Methods in Vision Transformerscited by 1
- 2023Distance Weighted Trans Network for Image Completioncited by 0
- 20233D-TexSeg: Unsupervised Segmentation of 3D Texture using Mutual Transformer Learningcited by 0
- 2024Windowed-FourierMixer: Enhancing Clutter-Free Room Modeling with Fourier Transformcited by 0
- 2024FaithFill: Faithful Inpainting for Object Completion Using a Single Reference Imagecited by 0
- 2024Deep Learning for Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction under Cloud Occlusioncited by 0
- 2025MILD: Multi-Layer Diffusion Strategy for Complex and Precise Multi-IP Aware Human Erasingcited by 0
- 2026Hidden-Shot: Towards One-Shot Task Generalization for Low-Level Vision Generalist Modelscited by 0
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Designcited by 0
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Design1 Oct 2026
- 2026Hidden-Shot: Towards One-Shot Task Generalization for Low-Level Vision Generalist Models1 Jul 2026
- 2025GeoRemover: Removing Objects and Their Causal Visual Artifacts23 Sep 2025
- 2025MILD: Multi-Layer Diffusion Strategy for Complex and Precise Multi-IP Aware Human Erasing5 Aug 2025
- 2025From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion with Context-Adaptive Diffusion19 Apr 2025
- 2024RAD: Region-Aware Diffusion Models for Image Inpainting12 Dec 2024
- 2024Deep Learning for Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction under Cloud Occlusion4 Dec 2024
- 2024PrefPaint: Aligning Image Inpainting Diffusion Model with Human Preference29 Oct 2024
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localization5 Aug 2024
- 2024Inpainting the Gaps: A Novel Framework for Evaluating Explanation Methods in Vision Transformers17 Jun 2024
- 2024FaithFill: Faithful Inpainting for Object Completion Using a Single Reference Image12 Jun 2024
- 2024Reconstructing the Image Stitching Pipeline: Integrating Fusion and Rectangling into a Unified Inpainting Model23 Apr 2024
13 more
- 2024Gorgeous: Create Your Desired Character Facial Makeup from Any Ideas22 Apr 2024
- 2024Windowed-FourierMixer: Enhancing Clutter-Free Room Modeling with Fourier Transform28 Feb 2024
- 2024DMAT: A Dynamic Mask-Aware Transformer for Human De-occlusion7 Feb 2024
- 2024Learning Position-Aware Implicit Neural Network for Real-World Face Inpainting19 Jan 2024
- 2023Image Restoration Through Generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Bridge16 Dec 2023
- 2023Compensation Sampling for Improved Convergence in Diffusion Models11 Dec 2023
- 20233D-TexSeg: Unsupervised Segmentation of 3D Texture using Mutual Transformer Learning17 Nov 2023
- 2023Distance Weighted Trans Network for Image Completion11 Oct 2023
- 2023Deficiency-Aware Masked Transformer for Video Inpainting17 Jul 2023
- 2023MaGIC: Multi-modality Guided Image Completion19 May 2023
- 2023Reference-guided Controllable Inpainting of Neural Radiance Fields19 Apr 2023
- 2023Automatic High Resolution Wire Segmentation and Removal1 Apr 2023
- 2022SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fields22 Nov 2022
- 2023Image Restoration Through Generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Bridgecited by 41
- 2024RAD: Region-Aware Diffusion Models for Image Inpaintingcited by 19
- 2024PrefPaint: Aligning Image Inpainting Diffusion Model with Human Preferencecited by 17
- 2025From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion with Context-Adaptive Diffusioncited by 2
- 2023Compensation Sampling for Improved Convergence in Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2025MILD: Multi-Layer Diffusion Strategy for Complex and Precise Multi-IP Aware Human Erasingcited by 0
- 2025MILD: Multi-Layer Diffusion Strategy for Complex and Precise Multi-IP Aware Human Erasing5 Aug 2025
- 2025From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion with Context-Adaptive Diffusion19 Apr 2025
- 2024RAD: Region-Aware Diffusion Models for Image Inpainting12 Dec 2024
- 2024PrefPaint: Aligning Image Inpainting Diffusion Model with Human Preference29 Oct 2024
- 2023Image Restoration Through Generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Bridge16 Dec 2023
- 2023Compensation Sampling for Improved Convergence in Diffusion Models11 Dec 2023
- 2022SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 144
- 2023Reference-guided Controllable Inpainting of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 40
- 2023MaGIC: Multi-modality Guided Image Completioncited by 14
- 2025GeoRemover: Removing Objects and Their Causal Visual Artifactscited by 9
- 2023Deficiency-Aware Masked Transformer for Video Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2023Automatic High Resolution Wire Segmentation and Removalcited by 4
- 2024Reconstructing the Image Stitching Pipeline: Integrating Fusion and Rectangling into a Unified Inpainting Modelcited by 4
- 2024Learning Position-Aware Implicit Neural Network for Real-World Face Inpaintingcited by 3
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localizationcited by 3
- 2024DMAT: A Dynamic Mask-Aware Transformer for Human De-occlusioncited by 1
- 2024Gorgeous: Create Your Desired Character Facial Makeup from Any Ideascited by 1
- 2024Inpainting the Gaps: A Novel Framework for Evaluating Explanation Methods in Vision Transformerscited by 1
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Design1 Oct 2026
- 2026Hidden-Shot: Towards One-Shot Task Generalization for Low-Level Vision Generalist Models1 Jul 2026
- 2025GeoRemover: Removing Objects and Their Causal Visual Artifacts23 Sep 2025
- 2024Deep Learning for Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction under Cloud Occlusion4 Dec 2024
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localization5 Aug 2024
- 2024Inpainting the Gaps: A Novel Framework for Evaluating Explanation Methods in Vision Transformers17 Jun 2024
- 2024FaithFill: Faithful Inpainting for Object Completion Using a Single Reference Image12 Jun 2024
- 2024Reconstructing the Image Stitching Pipeline: Integrating Fusion and Rectangling into a Unified Inpainting Model23 Apr 2024
- 2024Gorgeous: Create Your Desired Character Facial Makeup from Any Ideas22 Apr 2024
- 2024Windowed-FourierMixer: Enhancing Clutter-Free Room Modeling with Fourier Transform28 Feb 2024
- 2024DMAT: A Dynamic Mask-Aware Transformer for Human De-occlusion7 Feb 2024
- 2024Learning Position-Aware Implicit Neural Network for Real-World Face Inpainting19 Jan 2024
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)