mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Foreground-aware Image Inpainting

arXiv 1901.05945 ↗First posted 17 Jan 2019cs.CVcited by 90

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Abstract (arXiv)

Existing image inpainting methods typically fill holes by borrowing information from surrounding pixels. They often produce unsatisfactory results when the holes overlap with or touch foreground objects due to lack of information about the actual extent of foreground and background regions within the holes. These scenarios, however, are very important in practice, especially for applications such as the removal of distracting objects. To address the problem, we propose a foreground-aware image inpainting system that explicitly disentangles structure inference and content completion. Specifically, our model learns to predict the foreground contour first, and then inpaints the missing region using the predicted contour as guidance. We show that by such disentanglement, the contour completion model predicts reasonable contours of objects, and further substantially improves the performance of image inpainting. Experiments show that our method significantly outperforms existing methods and achieves superior inpainting results on challenging cases with complex compositions.

Key facts. Cited by 90 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Jan 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 27; 2022: 29; 2023: 17; 2024: 10; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.

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  1. 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 1,419
  2. 2021Resolution-robust Large Mask Inpainting with Fourier Convolutionscited by 730
  3. 2021Large Scale Image Completion via Co-Modulated Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 219
  4. 2022MAT: Mask-Aware Transformer for Large Hole Image Inpaintingcited by 216
  5. 2021Generating Diverse Structure for Image Inpainting With Hierarchical VQ-VAEcited by 106
  6. 2021Aggregated Contextual Transformations for High-Resolution Image Inpaintingcited by 89
  7. 2021PD-GAN: Probabilistic Diverse GAN for Image Inpaintingcited by 80
  8. 2021Image Inpainting via Conditional Texture and Structure Dual Generationcited by 66
  9. 2023Uni-paint: A Unified Framework for Multimodal Image Inpainting with Pretrained Diffusion Modelcited by 60
  10. 2022CM-GAN: Image Inpainting with Cascaded Modulation GAN and Object-Aware Trainingcited by 49
  11. 2021TransFill: Reference-guided Image Inpainting by Merging Multiple Color and Spatial Transformationscited by 48
  12. 2024Deep Learning-based Image and Video Inpainting: A Surveycited by 44
38 more
  1. 2021Image Inpainting by End-to-End Cascaded Refinement with Mask Awarenesscited by 35
  2. 2024DiffusionEdge: Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Crisp Edge Detectioncited by 33
  3. 2021SketchEdit: Mask-Free Local Image Manipulation with Partial Sketchescited by 32
  4. 2021Learning a Sketch Tensor Space for Image Inpainting of Man-made Scenescited by 25
  5. 2022Keys to Better Image Inpainting: Structure and Texture Go Hand in Handcited by 25
  6. 2021Image Inpainting with External-internal Learning and Monochromic Bottleneckcited by 21
  7. 2023Look Ma, No Hands! Agent-Environment Factorization of Egocentric Videoscited by 21
  8. 2022AutoLink: Self-supervised Learning of Human Skeletons and Object Outlines by Linking Keypointscited by 17
  9. 2023Gradpaint: Gradient-Guided Inpainting with Diffusion Modelscited by 17
  10. 2021Layout-Guided Novel View Synthesis from a Single Indoor Panoramacited by 16
  11. 2023Neural Spline Fields for Burst Image Fusion and Layer Separationcited by 16
  12. 2021TrajeVAE: Controllable Human Motion Generation from Trajectoriescited by 14
  13. 2022Delving Globally into Texture and Structure for Image Inpaintingcited by 13
  14. 2023Learning Image-Adaptive Codebooks for Class-Agnostic Image Restorationcited by 13
  15. 2023RGI: robust GAN-inversion for mask-free image inpainting and unsupervised pixel-wise anomaly detectioncited by 12
  16. 2021Deep Video Inpainting Detectioncited by 11
  17. 2022Scene Graph Expansion for Semantics-Guided Image Outpaintingcited by 11
  18. 2022Unbiased Multi-Modality Guidance for Image Inpaintingcited by 10
  19. 2023Delving into Crispness: Guided Label Refinement for Crisp Edge Detectioncited by 10
  20. 2021Markpainting: Adversarial Machine Learning meets Inpaintingcited by 9
  21. 2021RewriteNet: Reliable Scene Text Editing with Implicit Decomposition of Text Contents and Stylescited by 9
  22. 2022GeoFill: Reference-Based Image Inpainting with Better Geometric Understandingcited by 9
  23. 2022Image Inpainting via Iteratively Decoupled Probabilistic Modelingcited by 9
  24. 2025LightsOut: Diffusion-based Outpainting for Enhanced Lens Flare Removalcited by 9
  25. 2021Behind the leaves -- Estimation of occluded grapevine berries with conditional generative adversarial networkscited by 8
  26. 2022Shape-guided Object Inpaintingcited by 8
  27. 2025EgoWorld: Translating Exocentric View to Egocentric View using Rich Exocentric Observationscited by 8
  28. 2021Deep Face Video Inpainting via UV Mappingcited by 7
  29. 2021Generative Memory-Guided Semantic Reasoning Model for Image Inpaintingcited by 7
  30. 2024View-consistent Object Removal in Radiance Fieldscited by 7
  31. 2024Don't Look into the Dark: Latent Codes for Pluralistic Image Inpaintingcited by 6
  32. 2024FACEMUG: A Multimodal Generative and Fusion Framework for Local Facial Editingcited by 6
  33. 2022Reference-Guided Texture and Structure Inference for Image Inpaintingcited by 5
  34. 2023Layout-guided Indoor Panorama Inpainting with Plane-aware Normalizationcited by 5
  35. 2023TransRef: Multi-Scale Reference Embedding Transformer for Reference-Guided Image Inpaintingcited by 5
  36. 2021Fully Context-Aware Image Inpainting with a Learned Semantic Pyramidcited by 4
  37. 2022Do Inpainting Yourself: Generative Facial Inpainting Guided by Exemplarscited by 4
  38. 2022Contrastive Learning for Diverse Disentangled Foreground Generationcited by 4

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