mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

SOLQ: Segmenting Objects by Learning Queries

arXiv 2106.02351 ↗First posted 4 Jun 2021cs.CVcited by 68

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end framework for instance segmentation. Based on the recently introduced DETR [1], our method, termed SOLQ, segments objects by learning unified queries. In SOLQ, each query represents one object and has multiple representations: class, location and mask. The object queries learned perform classification, box regression and mask encoding simultaneously in an unified vector form. During training phase, the mask vectors encoded are supervised by the compression coding of raw spatial masks. In inference time, mask vectors produced can be directly transformed to spatial masks by the inverse process of compression coding. Experimental results show that SOLQ can achieve state-of-the-art performance, surpassing most of existing approaches. Moreover, the joint learning of unified query representation can greatly improve the detection performance of DETR. We hope our SOLQ can serve as a strong baseline for the Transformer-based instance segmentation. Code is available at https://github.com/megvii-research/SOLQ.

Key facts. Cited by 68 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 47 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jun 2021.

Builds on

47 of 57 references.

References · 47

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  3. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  4. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
  5. 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,139
  6. 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,639
  7. 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,498
  8. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
  9. 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,277
  10. 2016Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detectioncited by 5,036
  11. 2020Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentioncited by 4,586
  12. 2020Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detectioncited by 3,422
35 more
  1. 2017Non-local Neural Networkscited by 2,293
  2. 2021Pyramid Vision Transformer: A Versatile Backbone for Dense Prediction without Convolutionscited by 1,962
  3. 2019FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detectioncited by 1,577
  4. 2019Generalized Intersection over Union: A Metric and A Loss for Bounding Box Regressioncited by 1,368
  5. 2017Cascade R-CNN: Delving into High Quality Object Detectioncited by 1,276
  6. 2020Pre-Trained Image Processing Transformercited by 893
  7. 2018Path Aggregation Network for Instance Segmentationcited by 798
  8. 2018CCNet: Criss-Cross Attention for Semantic Segmentationcited by 718
  9. 2019CenterNet: Keypoint Triplets for Object Detectioncited by 654
  10. 2020Sparse R-CNN: End-to-End Object Detection with Learnable Proposalscited by 495
  11. 2019Hybrid Task Cascade for Instance Segmentationcited by 481
  12. 2019YOLACT: Real-time Instance Segmentationcited by 443
  13. 2019PointRend: Image Segmentation as Renderingcited by 440
  14. 2016Dynamic Filter Networkscited by 319
  15. 2020Conditional Convolutions for Instance Segmentationcited by 314
  16. 2019SOLO: Segmenting Objects by Locationscited by 289
  17. 2019Mask Scoring R-CNNcited by 266
  18. 2016Associative Embedding: End-to-End Learning for Joint Detection and Groupingcited by 212
  19. 2019CenterMask : Real-Time Anchor-Free Instance Segmentationcited by 201
  20. 2020Learning in the Frequency Domaincited by 198
  21. 2019PolarMask: Single Shot Instance Segmentation with Polar Representationcited by 188
  22. 2021Boundary IoU: Improving Object-Centric Image Segmentation Evaluationcited by 188
  23. 2021Instances as Queriescited by 158
  24. 2020BlendMask: Top-Down Meets Bottom-Up for Instance Segmentationcited by 145
  25. 2016Fully Convolutional Instance-aware Semantic Segmentationcited by 123
  26. 2017Semantic Instance Segmentation with a Discriminative Loss Functioncited by 118
  27. 2020Deep Snake for Real-Time Instance Segmentationcited by 112
  28. 2019TensorMask: A Foundation for Dense Object Segmentationcited by 101
  29. 2019SSAP: Single-Shot Instance Segmentation With Affinity Pyramidcited by 85
  30. 2020Boundary-preserving Mask R-CNNcited by 74
  31. 2021ISTR: End-to-End Instance Segmentation with Transformerscited by 52
  32. 2020Mask Encoding for Single Shot Instance Segmentationcited by 47
  33. 2020SOLOv2: Dynamic and Fast Instance Segmentationcited by 37
  34. 2020DCT-Mask: Discrete Cosine Transform Mask Representation for Instance Segmentationcited by 27
  35. 2019Exploring Semantic Segmentation on the DCT Representationcited by 7

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 21; 2023: 27; 2024: 10; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.

68 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2022PETR: Position Embedding Transformation for Multi-View 3D Object Detectioncited by 552
  2. 2022PETRv2: A Unified Framework for 3D Perception from Multi-Camera Imagescited by 352
  3. 2022Generalized Decoding for Pixel, Image, and Languagecited by 294
  4. 2022DETRs with Hybrid Matchingcited by 150
  5. 2023Transformer-Based Visual Segmentation: A Surveycited by 124
  6. 2021A Survey of Visual Transformerscited by 117
  7. 2021Panoptic SegFormer: Delving Deeper into Panoptic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 109
  8. 2023Cross Modal Transformer: Towards Fast and Robust 3D Object Detectioncited by 70
  9. 2024Unifying 3D Vision-Language Understanding via Promptable Queriescited by 70
  10. 2021Mask Transfiner for High-Quality Instance Segmentationcited by 64
  11. 2022Sparse Instance Activation for Real-Time Instance Segmentationcited by 63
  12. 2022Temporally Efficient Vision Transformer for Video Instance Segmentationcited by 55
38 more
  1. 2023Rank-DETR for High Quality Object Detectioncited by 50
  2. 2022DiffusionInst: Diffusion Model for Instance Segmentationcited by 49
  3. 2023Open-Ended Instructable Embodied Agents with Memory-Augmented Large Language Modelscited by 37
  4. 2022AISFormer: Amodal Instance Segmentation with Transformercited by 35
  5. 2023FastInst: A Simple Query-Based Model for Real-Time Instance Segmentationcited by 32
  6. 2023CLUSTSEG: Clustering for Universal Segmentationcited by 32
  7. 2022BoxTeacher: Exploring High-Quality Pseudo Labels for Weakly Supervised Instance Segmentationcited by 31
  8. 2023VST++: Efficient and Stronger Visual Saliency Transformercited by 28
  9. 2022Attribute Surrogates Learning and Spectral Tokens Pooling in Transformers for Few-shot Learningcited by 27
  10. 2024ODIN: A Single Model for 2D and 3D Segmentationcited by 25
  11. 2021BoxeR: Box-Attention for 2D and 3D Transformerscited by 23
  12. 2023The Devil is in the Points: Weakly Semi-Supervised Instance Segmentation via Point-Guided Mask Representationcited by 21
  13. 2023PanopticPartFormer++: A Unified and Decoupled View for Panoptic Part Segmentationcited by 19
  14. 2023DFormer: Diffusion-guided Transformer for Universal Image Segmentationcited by 19
  15. 2022Learning Equivariant Segmentation with Instance-Unique Queryingcited by 17
  16. 2022Fashionformer: A simple, Effective and Unified Baseline for Human Fashion Segmentation and Recognitioncited by 16
  17. 2022Active Pointly-Supervised Instance Segmentationcited by 15
  18. 2023Prompt-Guided Transformers for End-to-End Open-Vocabulary Object Detectioncited by 15
  19. 2021SOIT: Segmenting Objects with Instance-Aware Transformerscited by 14
  20. 2022Exploiting More Information in Sparse Point Cloud for 3D Single Object Trackingcited by 14
  21. 2024OPEx: A Component-Wise Analysis of LLM-Centric Agents in Embodied Instruction Followingcited by 14
  22. 2023BoxSnake: Polygonal Instance Segmentation with Box Supervisioncited by 12
  23. 2022Unsupervised Multi-object Segmentation Using Attention and Soft-argmaxcited by 11
  24. 2023FAQ: Feature Aggregated Queries for Transformer-based Video Object Detectorscited by 11
  25. 2022Visual Recognition by Requestcited by 10
  26. 2023Rethinking Amodal Video Segmentation from Learning Supervised Signals with Object-centric Representationcited by 9
  27. 2021Benchmarking the Robustness of Instance Segmentation Modelscited by 8
  28. 2023PatchDCT: Patch Refinement for High Quality Instance Segmentationcited by 8
  29. 2024HELPER-X: A Unified Instructable Embodied Agent to Tackle Four Interactive Vision-Language Domains with Memory-Augmented Language Modelscited by 8
  30. 2023Industrial Anomaly Detection and Localization Using Weakly-Supervised Residual Transformerscited by 6
  31. 2023Learning Dynamic Query Combinations for Transformer-based Object Detection and Segmentationcited by 6
  32. 2023ClusterFormer: Clustering As A Universal Visual Learnercited by 6
  33. 2022An Extendable, Efficient and Effective Transformer-based Object Detectorcited by 5
  34. 2022Occlusion-Aware Instance Segmentation via BiLayer Network Architecturescited by 5
  35. 2023Align-DETR: Enhancing End-to-end Object Detection with Aligned Losscited by 5
  36. 2023DESTINE: Dynamic Goal Queries with Temporal Transductive Alignment for Trajectory Predictioncited by 5
  37. 2022Single-Stage Open-world Instance Segmentation with Cross-task Consistency Regularizationcited by 4
  38. 2022BARS: A Benchmark for Airport Runway Segmentationcited by 4

50 most cited of 68 All 68 (JSON)