mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Revisiting ResNets: Improved Training and Scaling Strategies

arXiv 2103.07579 ↗First posted 13 Mar 2021cs.CVcited by 158

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Abstract (arXiv)

Novel computer vision architectures monopolize the spotlight, but the impact of the model architecture is often conflated with simultaneous changes to training methodology and scaling strategies. Our work revisits the canonical ResNet (He et al., 2015) and studies these three aspects in an effort to disentangle them. Perhaps surprisingly, we find that training and scaling strategies may matter more than architectural changes, and further, that the resulting ResNets match recent state-of-the-art models. We show that the best performing scaling strategy depends on the training regime and offer two new scaling strategies: (1) scale model depth in regimes where overfitting can occur (width scaling is preferable otherwise); (2) increase image resolution more slowly than previously recommended (Tan & Le, 2019). Using improved training and scaling strategies, we design a family of ResNet architectures, ResNet-RS, which are 1.7x - 2.7x faster than EfficientNets on TPUs, while achieving similar accuracies on ImageNet. In a large-scale semi-supervised learning setup, ResNet-RS achieves 86.2% top-1 ImageNet accuracy, while being 4.7x faster than EfficientNet NoisyStudent. The training techniques improve transfer performance on a suite of downstream tasks (rivaling state-of-the-art self-supervised algorithms) and extend to video classification on Kinetics-400. We recommend practitioners use these simple revised ResNets as baselines for future research.

Key facts. Cited by 158 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 62 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Mar 2021.

Builds on

62 of 78 references.

References · 62

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38 more
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 38; 2022: 59; 2023: 26; 2024: 16; 2025: 12; 2026: 7.

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  1. 2022A ConvNet for the 2020scited by 3,545
  2. 2021MLP-Mixer: An all-MLP Architecture for Visioncited by 1,441
  3. 2021EfficientNetV2: Smaller Models and Faster Trainingcited by 1,127
  4. 2021Scaling Vision Transformerscited by 993
  5. 2022YOLOv7: Trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectorscited by 978
  6. 2021The Medical Segmentation Decathloncited by 620
  7. 2021How to train your ViT? Data, Augmentation, and Regularization in Vision Transformerscited by 562
  8. 2022MaxViT: Multi-Axis Vision Transformercited by 476
  9. 2022PointNeXt: Revisiting PointNet++ with Improved Training and Scaling Strategiescited by 432
  10. 2021ResNet strikes back: An improved training procedure in timmcited by 365
  11. 2021Open-Set Recognition: a Good Closed-Set Classifier is All You Need?cited by 351
  12. 2021ResMLP: Feedforward networks for image classification with data-efficient trainingcited by 338
38 more
  1. 2023Synthetic Data from Diffusion Models Improves ImageNet Classificationcited by 326
  2. 2022How Do Vision Transformers Work?cited by 305
  3. 2022Simple Open-Vocabulary Object Detection with Vision Transformerscited by 303
  4. 2021When Vision Transformers Outperform ResNets without Pre-training or Strong Data Augmentationscited by 259
  5. 2021Knowledge distillation: A good teacher is patient and consistentcited by 255
  6. 2023Deja Vu: Contextual Sparsity for Efficient LLMs at Inference Timecited by 247
  7. 2022Visual Attention Networkcited by 210
  8. 2021Are Transformers More Robust Than CNNs?cited by 187
  9. 2021Combined Scaling for Zero-shot Transfer Learningcited by 182
  10. 2021The Benchmark Lotterycited by 133
  11. 2021Scale Efficiently: Insights from Pre-training and Fine-tuning Transformerscited by 105
  12. 2021Exploring the Limits of Large Scale Pre-trainingcited by 104
  13. 2022Improving Generalization in Federated Learning by Seeking Flat Minimacited by 98
  14. 2024MobileNetV4 -- Universal Models for the Mobile Ecosystemcited by 98
  15. 2021Contextual Transformer Networks for Visual Recognitioncited by 90
  16. 2023Getting ViT in Shape: Scaling Laws for Compute-Optimal Model Designcited by 87
  17. 2021Sample and Computation Redistribution for Efficient Face Detectioncited by 86
  18. 2022Perceptual Grouping in Contrastive Vision-Language Modelscited by 82
  19. 2021Uncertainty Baselines: Benchmarks for Uncertainty & Robustness in Deep Learningcited by 81
  20. 2022Vision Models Are More Robust And Fair When Pretrained On Uncurated Images Without Supervisioncited by 80
  21. 2022Masked Frequency Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Trainingcited by 70
  22. 2022Corrupted Image Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Trainingcited by 68
  23. 2023Residual Denoising Diffusion Modelscited by 68
  24. 2024When Do We Not Need Larger Vision Models?cited by 65
  25. 2022PolyLoss: A Polynomial Expansion Perspective of Classification Loss Functionscited by 62
  26. 2022What Makes Transfer Learning Work For Medical Images: Feature Reuse & Other Factorscited by 61
  27. 2022Residual Local Feature Network for Efficient Super-Resolutioncited by 53
  28. 2022The Lie Derivative for Measuring Learned Equivariancecited by 51
  29. 2024A Closer Look at the Robustness of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP)cited by 44
  30. 2022UVCGAN: UNet Vision Transformer cycle-consistent GAN for unpaired image-to-image translationcited by 42
  31. 2022Compute-Efficient Deep Learning: Algorithmic Trends and Opportunitiescited by 38
  32. 2022Scaling Laws for a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Modelcited by 37
  33. 2023AIROGS: Artificial Intelligence for RObust Glaucoma Screening Challengecited by 35
  34. 2022ResFormer: Scaling ViTs with Multi-Resolution Trainingcited by 34
  35. 2022Revisiting RCAN: Improved Training for Image Super-Resolutioncited by 32
  36. 2022Disentangling Architecture and Training for Optical Flowcited by 32
  37. 2021Augmenting Convolutional networks with attention-based aggregationcited by 29
  38. 2025Scaling Laws in Patchification: An Image Is Worth 50,176 Tokens And Morecited by 28

50 most cited of 158 All 158 (JSON)