Patch2Pix: Epipolar-Guided Pixel-Level Correspondences
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Abstract (arXiv)
The classical matching pipeline used for visual localization typically involves three steps: (i) local feature detection and description, (ii) feature matching, and (iii) outlier rejection. Recently emerged correspondence networks propose to perform those steps inside a single network but suffer from low matching resolution due to the memory bottleneck. In this work, we propose a new perspective to estimate correspondences in a detect-to-refine manner, where we first predict patch-level match proposals and then refine them. We present Patch2Pix, a novel refinement network that refines match proposals by regressing pixel-level matches from the local regions defined by those proposals and jointly rejecting outlier matches with confidence scores. Patch2Pix is weakly supervised to learn correspondences that are consistent with the epipolar geometry of an input image pair. We show that our refinement network significantly improves the performance of correspondence networks on image matching, homography estimation, and localization tasks. In addition, we show that our learned refinement generalizes to fully-supervised methods without re-training, which leads us to state-of-the-art localization performance. The code is available at https://github.com/GrumpyZhou/patch2pix.
Key facts. Cited by 128 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 8; 2022: 26; 2023: 32; 2024: 23; 2025: 23; 2026: 16.
128 papers.
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50 most cited of 128 All 128 (JSON)
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- 2026SceneGlue: Scene-Aware Transformer for Feature Matching without Scene-Level Annotation15 Apr 2026
- 2026Relational Epipolar Graphs for Robust Relative Camera Pose Estimation6 Apr 2026
- 2026EpiMask: Leveraging Epipolar Distance Based Masks in Cross-Attention for Satellite Image Matching23 Mar 2026
- 2026PiLoT: Neural Pixel-to-3D Registration for UAV-based Ego and Target Geo-localization21 Mar 2026
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38 more
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- 2025MatchAnything: Universal Cross-Modality Image Matching with Large-Scale Pre-Training13 Jan 2025
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- 2024PRISM: PRogressive dependency maxImization for Scale-invariant image Matching7 Aug 2024
- 2024CMR-Agent: Learning a Cross-Modal Agent for Iterative Image-to-Point Cloud Registration5 Aug 2024
- 2024Raising the Ceiling: Conflict-Free Local Feature Matching with Dynamic View Switching10 Jul 2024
- 2024Grounding Image Matching in 3D with MASt3R14 Jun 2024
50 newest of 128 All 128 (JSON)
- 2024Grounding Image Matching in 3D with MASt3Rcited by 960
- 2022Geometric Transformer for Fast and Robust Point Cloud Registrationcited by 200
- 2021Pixel-Perfect Structure-from-Motion with Featuremetric Refinementcited by 199
- 2022DKM: Dense Kernelized Feature Matching for Geometry Estimationcited by 174
- 2021CoFiNet: Reliable Coarse-to-fine Correspondences for Robust Point Cloud Registrationcited by 151
- 2022MatchFormer: Interleaving Attention in Transformers for Feature Matchingcited by 126
- 2023OnePose++: Keypoint-Free One-Shot Object Pose Estimation without CAD Modelscited by 114
- 2024XFeat: Accelerated Features for Lightweight Image Matchingcited by 113
- 2023GeoTransformer: Fast and Robust Point Cloud Registration with Geometric Transformercited by 83
- 2022ClusterGNN: Cluster-based Coarse-to-Fine Graph Neural Network for Efficient Feature Matchingcited by 62
- 2022MeshLoc: Mesh-Based Visual Localizationcited by 62
- 2025Light3R-SfM: Towards Feed-forward Structure-from-Motioncited by 47
12 most cited of 127 All 127 (JSON)
- 2026UltraMatch: Transport Path Routing for Ultra-Fast and Memory-Efficient Image Matching29 Sep 2026
- 2026Cross-View Feature Matching: Survey, Benchmarking, and Foundation-Model Perspectives11 Aug 2026
- 2026SGFormer: Structure-Guided Transformer for Robust Local Feature Matching4 Aug 2026
- 2026PiLoT v2: Pixel-to-Orthogonal Map Alignment for Free-view UAV Geo-localization30 Jun 2026
- 2026REDI-Match: Rotation-Equivariant Distillation for Efficient and Robust Dense Matching23 Jun 2026
- 2026EpiDiffVO: Geometry-Aware Epipolar Diffusion for Robust Visual Odometry19 May 2026
- 2026GeGS-PCR: Effective and Robust 3D Point Cloud Registration with Two-Stage Color-Enhanced Geometric-3DGS Fusion20 Apr 2026
- 2026SceneGlue: Scene-Aware Transformer for Feature Matching without Scene-Level Annotation15 Apr 2026
- 2026Relational Epipolar Graphs for Robust Relative Camera Pose Estimation6 Apr 2026
- 2026EpiMask: Leveraging Epipolar Distance Based Masks in Cross-Attention for Satellite Image Matching23 Mar 2026
- 2026PiLoT: Neural Pixel-to-3D Registration for UAV-based Ego and Target Geo-localization21 Mar 2026
- 2026Pixel-Accurate Epipolar Guided Matching19 Mar 2026
12 newest of 127 All 127 (JSON)