mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Efficient One-Pass End-to-End Entity Linking for Questions

arXiv 2010.02413 ↗First posted 6 Oct 2020cs.CL cs.AIcited by 76

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present ELQ, a fast end-to-end entity linking model for questions, which uses a biencoder to jointly perform mention detection and linking in one pass. Evaluated on WebQSP and GraphQuestions with extended annotations that cover multiple entities per question, ELQ outperforms the previous state of the art by a large margin of +12.7% and +19.6% F1, respectively. With a very fast inference time (1.57 examples/s on a single CPU), ELQ can be useful for downstream question answering systems. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we demonstrate that using ELQ significantly improves the downstream QA performance of GraphRetriever (arXiv:1911.03868). Code and data available at https://github.com/facebookresearch/BLINK/tree/master/elq

Key facts. Cited by 76 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 6 Oct 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 20; 2022: 19; 2023: 17; 2024: 9; 2025: 7; 2026: 4.

76 papers.

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  1. 2023Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmapcited by 663
  2. 2024Adaptive-RAG: Learning to Adapt Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models through Question Complexitycited by 437
  3. 2023StructGPT: A General Framework for Large Language Model to Reason over Structured Datacited by 339
  4. 2021Simple Entity-Centric Questions Challenge Dense Retrieverscited by 140
  5. 2023Knowledge-Augmented Language Model Prompting for Zero-Shot Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 119
  6. 2021Case-based Reasoning for Natural Language Queries over Knowledge Basescited by 107
  7. 2021RnG-KBQA: Generation Augmented Iterative Ranking for Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 86
  8. 2022DecAF: Joint Decoding of Answers and Logical Forms for Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 83
  9. 2022ReFinED: An Efficient Zero-shot-capable Approach to End-to-End Entity Linkingcited by 74
  10. 2023Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: Opportunities and Challengescited by 71
  11. 2021Complex Temporal Question Answering on Knowledge Graphscited by 69
  12. 2022TIARA: Multi-grained Retrieval for Robust Question Answering over Large Knowledge Basescited by 59
38 more
  1. 2022Don't Generate, Discriminate: A Proposal for Grounding Language Models to Real-World Environmentscited by 57
  2. 2023FlexKBQA: A Flexible LLM-Powered Framework for Few-Shot Knowledge Base Question Answeringcited by 51
  3. 2023ChatKBQA: A Generate-then-Retrieve Framework for Knowledge Base Question Answering with Fine-tuned Large Language Modelscited by 44
  4. 2021Challenges in Generalization in Open Domain Question Answeringcited by 30
  5. 2021Awakening Latent Grounding from Pretrained Language Models for Semantic Parsingcited by 28
  6. 2024Interactive-KBQA: Multi-Turn Interactions for Knowledge Base Question Answering with Large Language Modelscited by 25
  7. 2023PokeMQA: Programmable knowledge editing for Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 23
  8. 2022Grape: Knowledge Graph Enhanced Passage Reader for Open-domain Question Answeringcited by 22
  9. 2021Highly Parallel Autoregressive Entity Linking with Discriminative Correctioncited by 21
  10. 2021Entity Linking Meets Deep Learning: Techniques and Solutionscited by 21
  11. 2023An Empirical Study of Pre-trained Language Models in Simple Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 19
  12. 2021Reinforcement Learning from Reformulations in Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphscited by 18
  13. 2021UNIQORN: Unified Question Answering over RDF Knowledge Graphs and Natural Language Textcited by 17
  14. 2021Fast and Effective Biomedical Entity Linking Using a Dual Encodercited by 16
  15. 2021Learning from Language Description: Low-shot Named Entity Recognition via Decomposed Frameworkcited by 15
  16. 2021Ensembling Graph Predictions for AMR Parsingcited by 15
  17. 2023Question Decomposition Tree for Answering Complex Questions over Knowledge Basescited by 15
  18. 2021Conversational Entity Linking: Problem Definition and Datasetscited by 11
  19. 2021LNN-EL: A Neuro-Symbolic Approach to Short-text Entity Linkingcited by 11
  20. 2021Beyond NED: Fast and Effective Search Space Reduction for Complex Question Answering over Knowledge Basescited by 11
  21. 2021End-to-End Entity Resolution and Question Answering Using Differentiable Knowledge Graphscited by 11
  22. 2023Bring Your Own KG: Self-Supervised Program Synthesis for Zero-Shot KGQAcited by 11
  23. 2024Right for Right Reasons: Large Language Models for Verifiable Commonsense Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 11
  24. 2022Improving Candidate Retrieval with Entity Profile Generation for Wikidata Entity Linkingcited by 10
  25. 2025BYOKG-RAG: Multi-Strategy Graph Retrieval for Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 10
  26. 2022TABi: Type-Aware Bi-Encoders for Open-Domain Entity Retrievalcited by 8
  27. 2023Multilingual End to End Entity Linkingcited by 8
  28. 2025Beyond Seen Data: Improving KBQA Generalization Through Schema-Guided Logical Form Generationcited by 8
  29. 2022A Unified Encoder-Decoder Framework with Entity Memorycited by 7
  30. 2024Entity Linking in the Job Market Domaincited by 7
  31. 2021Improving Zero-Shot Entity Retrieval through Effective Dense Representationscited by 6
  32. 2022ATP: AMRize Then Parse! Enhancing AMR Parsing with PseudoAMRscited by 5
  33. 2022EDIN: An End-to-end Benchmark and Pipeline for Unknown Entity Discovery and Indexingcited by 5
  34. 2024SPARKLE: Enhancing SPARQL Generation with Direct KG Integration in Decodingcited by 5
  35. 2024Entity Disambiguation via Fusion Entity Decodingcited by 4
  36. 2022REKnow: Enhanced Knowledge for Joint Entity and Relation Extractioncited by 3
  37. 2022Semantic Framework based Query Generation for Temporal Question Answering over Knowledge Graphscited by 3
  38. 2022PENTATRON: PErsonalized coNText-Aware Transformer for Retrieval-based cOnversational uNderstandingcited by 3

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