Scalable Differentiable Physics for Learning and Control
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Differentiable physics is a powerful approach to learning and control problems that involve physical objects and environments. While notable progress has been made, the capabilities of differentiable physics solvers remain limited. We develop a scalable framework for differentiable physics that can support a large number of objects and their interactions. To accommodate objects with arbitrary geometry and topology, we adopt meshes as our representation and leverage the sparsity of contacts for scalable differentiable collision handling. Collisions are resolved in localized regions to minimize the number of optimization variables even when the number of simulated objects is high. We further accelerate implicit differentiation of optimization with nonlinear constraints. Experiments demonstrate that the presented framework requires up to two orders of magnitude less memory and computation in comparison to recent particle-based methods. We further validate the approach on inverse problems and control scenarios, where it outperforms derivative-free and model-free baselines by at least an order of magnitude.
Key facts. Cited by 72 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Jul 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 19; 2023: 12; 2024: 9; 2025: 8; 2026: 7.
72 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021gradSim: Differentiable simulation for system identification and visuomotor controlcited by 100
- 2021PlasticineLab: A Soft-Body Manipulation Benchmark with Differentiable Physicscited by 100
- 2021DiffCloth: Differentiable Cloth Simulation with Dry Frictional Contactcited by 64
- 2021DiffPD: Differentiable Projective Dynamicscited by 62
- 2021An End-to-End Differentiable Framework for Contact-Aware Robot Designcited by 53
- 2021Fast and Feature-Complete Differentiable Physics for Articulated Rigid Bodies with Contactcited by 50
- 2022NeuPhysics: Editable Neural Geometry and Physics from Monocular Videoscited by 50
- 2022DiffSkill: Skill Abstraction from Differentiable Physics for Deformable Object Manipulations with Toolscited by 44
- 2022Differentiable Simulation of Soft Multi-body Systemscited by 39
- 2021Efficient Differentiable Simulation of Articulated Bodiescited by 38
- 2023FluidLab: A Differentiable Environment for Benchmarking Complex Fluid Manipulationcited by 37
- 2023Energy-based Models are Zero-Shot Planners for Compositional Scene Rearrangementcited by 30
38 more
- 2023DiffuseBot: Breeding Soft Robots With Physics-Augmented Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 30
- 2022DiffCloud: Real-to-Sim from Point Clouds with Differentiable Simulation and Rendering of Deformable Objectscited by 29
- 2022RISP: Rendering-Invariant State Predictor with Differentiable Simulation and Rendering for Cross-Domain Parameter Estimationcited by 29
- 2024Scaling physics-informed hard constraints with mixture-of-expertscited by 24
- 2022SAM-RL: Sensing-Aware Model-Based Reinforcement Learning via Differentiable Physics-Based Simulation and Renderingcited by 22
- 2023ClothesNet: An Information-Rich 3D Garment Model Repository with Simulated Clothes Environmentcited by 22
- 2022Rethinking Optimization with Differentiable Simulation from a Global Perspectivecited by 21
- 2021Probabilistic Inference of Simulation Parameters via Parallel Differentiable Simulationcited by 17
- 2021A global convergence theory for deep ReLU implicit networks via over-parameterizationcited by 17
- 2021SAGCI-System: Towards Sample-Efficient, Generalizable, Compositional, and Incremental Robot Learningcited by 16
- 2022Training Efficient Controllers via Analytic Policy Gradientcited by 16
- 2023Towards Multi-Layered 3D Garments Animationcited by 16
- 2022Transformer with Implicit Edges for Particle-based Physics Simulationcited by 15
- 2021DiffSDFSim: Differentiable Rigid-Body Dynamics With Implicit Shapescited by 14
- 2022Contact Points Discovery for Soft-Body Manipulations with Differentiable Physicscited by 14
- 2024Stabilizing Reinforcement Learning in Differentiable Multiphysics Simulationcited by 14
- 2022Inferring Articulated Rigid Body Dynamics from RGBD Videocited by 10
- 2021DiffAqua: A Differentiable Computational Design Pipeline for Soft Underwater Swimmers with Shape Interpolationcited by 9
- 2022Differentiable Hybrid Traffic Simulationcited by 8
- 2023Physics-guided Shape-from-Template: Monocular Video Perception through Neural Surrogate Modelscited by 8
- 2023Jade: A Differentiable Physics Engine for Articulated Rigid Bodies with Intersection-Free Frictional Contactcited by 7
- 2023Differentiable Visual Computing for Inverse Problems and Machine Learningcited by 7
- 2021Ivy: Templated Deep Learning for Inter-Framework Portabilitycited by 6
- 2022DiSECt: A Differentiable Simulator for Parameter Inference and Control in Robotic Cuttingcited by 6
- 2022Differentiable Physics Simulations with Contacts: Do They Have Correct Gradients w.r.t. Position, Velocity and Control?cited by 6
- 2021Vision-based system identification and 3D keypoint discovery using dynamics constraintscited by 5
- 2023Improving Gradient Computation for Differentiable Physics Simulation with Contactscited by 5
- 2024Implicit Neural Representation for Physics-driven Actuated Soft Bodiescited by 5
- 2021Differentiable Spline Approximationscited by 4
- 2022Differentiable Analog Quantum Computing for Optimization and Controlcited by 4
- 2023STAMP: Differentiable Task and Motion Planning via Stein Variational Gradient Descentcited by 4
- 2024Implicit Bias of Policy Gradient in Linear Quadratic Control: Extrapolation to Unseen Initial Statescited by 4
- 2025From 2D to 3D Cognition: A Brief Survey of General World Modelscited by 4
- 2025Real-Time Verification of Embodied Reasoning for Generative Skill Acquisitioncited by 3
- 2025Aligning Perception, Reasoning, Modeling and Interaction: A Survey on Physical AIcited by 3
- 2021A Differentiable Recipe for Learning Visual Non-Prehensile Planar Manipulationcited by 2
- 2022A Recurrent Differentiable Engine for Modeling Tensegrity Robots Trainable with Low-Frequency Datacited by 2
- 2022Complex Locomotion Skill Learning via Differentiable Physicscited by 2
50 most cited of 72 All 72 (JSON)
- 2026Ostrich: Taking Large Strides Through Stiff Contact in Differentiable Dynamics8 Sep 2026
- 2026Differentiable Voxelization of Surface Representations16 Aug 2026
- 2026Differentiate the Solver, Not the Equation: Reverse-Sweep Adjoints for Block Implicit Simulation9 Aug 2026
- 2026BendTwin: Robust Dense-to-Sparse Physical Reconstruction with Bending-Aware Differentiable Spring-Mass Models6 Aug 2026
- 2026Amortising Trajectory Optimisation for Residual MPC via Implicit Contact Differentiation27 Jul 2026
- 2026Integrating Mechanistic and Data-Driven Models for Neurological Disorders through Differentiable Programming4 Jun 2026
- 2026Lipschitz Multiscale Deep Equilibrium Models: A Theoretically Guaranteed and Accelerated Approach3 Feb 2026
- 2025Autonomous Vehicle Path Planning by Searching With Differentiable Simulation14 Nov 2025
- 2025Aligning Perception, Reasoning, Modeling and Interaction: A Survey on Physical AI6 Oct 2025
- 2025SAFT: Shape and Appearance of Fabrics from Template via Differentiable Physical Simulations from Monocular Video10 Sep 2025
- 2025Image-Guided Shape-from-Template Using Mesh Inextensibility Constraints30 Jul 2025
- 2025From 2D to 3D Cognition: A Brief Survey of General World Models25 Jun 2025
38 more
- 2025Real-Time Verification of Embodied Reasoning for Generative Skill Acquisition16 May 2025
- 2025Action-Gradient Monte Carlo Tree Search for Non-Parametric Continuous (PO)MDPs15 Mar 2025
- 2025AI-based Framework for Robust Model-Based Connector Mating in Robotic Wire Harness Installation12 Mar 2025
- 2024Gradient-based Trajectory Optimization with Parallelized Differentiable Traffic Simulation21 Dec 2024
- 2024Stabilizing Reinforcement Learning in Differentiable Multiphysics Simulation16 Dec 2024
- 2024Incremental Few-Shot Adaptation for Non-Prehensile Object Manipulation using Parallelizable Physics Simulators20 Sep 2024
- 2024Shadow Program Inversion with Differentiable Planning: A Framework for Unified Robot Program Parameter and Trajectory Optimization13 Sep 2024
- 2024Deep Reinforcement Learning for Sequential Combinatorial Auctions10 Jul 2024
- 2024DiffGen: Robot Demonstration Generation via Differentiable Physics Simulation, Differentiable Rendering, and Vision-Language Model12 May 2024
- 2024Scaling physics-informed hard constraints with mixture-of-experts20 Feb 2024
- 2024Implicit Bias of Policy Gradient in Linear Quadratic Control: Extrapolation to Unseen Initial States12 Feb 2024
- 2024Implicit Neural Representation for Physics-driven Actuated Soft Bodies26 Jan 2024
- 2023DiffuseBot: Breeding Soft Robots With Physics-Augmented Generative Diffusion Models28 Nov 2023
- 2023Differentiable Visual Computing for Inverse Problems and Machine Learning21 Nov 2023
- 2023Physics-guided Shape-from-Template: Monocular Video Perception through Neural Surrogate Models21 Nov 2023
- 2023Diff-Transfer: Model-based Robotic Manipulation Skill Transfer via Differentiable Physics Simulation7 Oct 2023
- 2023STAMP: Differentiable Task and Motion Planning via Stein Variational Gradient Descent3 Oct 2023
- 2023Jade: A Differentiable Physics Engine for Articulated Rigid Bodies with Intersection-Free Frictional Contact9 Sep 2023
- 2023ClothesNet: An Information-Rich 3D Garment Model Repository with Simulated Clothes Environment19 Aug 2023
- 2023Addressing Discontinuous Root-Finding for Subsequent Differentiability in Machine Learning, Inverse Problems, and Control21 Jun 2023
- 2023Towards Multi-Layered 3D Garments Animation17 May 2023
- 2023Improving Gradient Computation for Differentiable Physics Simulation with Contacts28 Apr 2023
- 2023Energy-based Models are Zero-Shot Planners for Compositional Scene Rearrangement27 Apr 2023
- 2023FluidLab: A Differentiable Environment for Benchmarking Complex Fluid Manipulation4 Mar 2023
- 2022Differentiable Analog Quantum Computing for Optimization and Control28 Oct 2022
- 2022SAM-RL: Sensing-Aware Model-Based Reinforcement Learning via Differentiable Physics-Based Simulation and Rendering27 Oct 2022
- 2022NeuPhysics: Editable Neural Geometry and Physics from Monocular Videos22 Oct 2022
- 2022Differentiable Hybrid Traffic Simulation14 Oct 2022
- 2022Training Efficient Controllers via Analytic Policy Gradient26 Sep 2022
- 2022Transformer with Implicit Edges for Particle-based Physics Simulation22 Jul 2022
- 2022Differentiable Physics Simulations with Contacts: Do They Have Correct Gradients w.r.t. Position, Velocity and Control?8 Jul 2022
- 2022Rethinking Optimization with Differentiable Simulation from a Global Perspective28 Jun 2022
- 2022Imitation Learning via Differentiable Physics10 Jun 2022
- 2022Complex Locomotion Skill Learning via Differentiable Physics6 Jun 2022
- 2022RISP: Rendering-Invariant State Predictor with Differentiable Simulation and Rendering for Cross-Domain Parameter Estimation11 May 2022
- 2022Contact Points Discovery for Soft-Body Manipulations with Differentiable Physics5 May 2022
- 2022Differentiable Simulation of Soft Multi-body Systems3 May 2022
- 2022DiffCloud: Real-to-Sim from Point Clouds with Differentiable Simulation and Rendering of Deformable Objects7 Apr 2022
50 newest of 72 All 72 (JSON)
- 2022Imitation Learning via Differentiable Physicscited by 2
- 2022Imitation Learning via Differentiable Physics10 Jun 2022
- 2021gradSim: Differentiable simulation for system identification and visuomotor controlcited by 100
- 2021PlasticineLab: A Soft-Body Manipulation Benchmark with Differentiable Physicscited by 100
- 2021DiffCloth: Differentiable Cloth Simulation with Dry Frictional Contactcited by 64
- 2021DiffPD: Differentiable Projective Dynamicscited by 62
- 2021An End-to-End Differentiable Framework for Contact-Aware Robot Designcited by 53
- 2021Fast and Feature-Complete Differentiable Physics for Articulated Rigid Bodies with Contactcited by 50
- 2022NeuPhysics: Editable Neural Geometry and Physics from Monocular Videoscited by 50
- 2022DiffSkill: Skill Abstraction from Differentiable Physics for Deformable Object Manipulations with Toolscited by 44
- 2022Differentiable Simulation of Soft Multi-body Systemscited by 39
- 2021Efficient Differentiable Simulation of Articulated Bodiescited by 38
- 2023FluidLab: A Differentiable Environment for Benchmarking Complex Fluid Manipulationcited by 37
- 2023Energy-based Models are Zero-Shot Planners for Compositional Scene Rearrangementcited by 30
12 most cited of 63 All 63 (JSON)
- 2026Ostrich: Taking Large Strides Through Stiff Contact in Differentiable Dynamics8 Sep 2026
- 2026Differentiable Voxelization of Surface Representations16 Aug 2026
- 2026Differentiate the Solver, Not the Equation: Reverse-Sweep Adjoints for Block Implicit Simulation9 Aug 2026
- 2026BendTwin: Robust Dense-to-Sparse Physical Reconstruction with Bending-Aware Differentiable Spring-Mass Models6 Aug 2026
- 2026Amortising Trajectory Optimisation for Residual MPC via Implicit Contact Differentiation27 Jul 2026
- 2026Integrating Mechanistic and Data-Driven Models for Neurological Disorders through Differentiable Programming4 Jun 2026
- 2026Lipschitz Multiscale Deep Equilibrium Models: A Theoretically Guaranteed and Accelerated Approach3 Feb 2026
- 2025SAFT: Shape and Appearance of Fabrics from Template via Differentiable Physical Simulations from Monocular Video10 Sep 2025
- 2025Image-Guided Shape-from-Template Using Mesh Inextensibility Constraints30 Jul 2025
- 2025Action-Gradient Monte Carlo Tree Search for Non-Parametric Continuous (PO)MDPs15 Mar 2025
- 2025AI-based Framework for Robust Model-Based Connector Mating in Robotic Wire Harness Installation12 Mar 2025
- 2024Gradient-based Trajectory Optimization with Parallelized Differentiable Traffic Simulation21 Dec 2024
12 newest of 63 All 63 (JSON)