Deep Geometric Functional Maps: Robust Feature Learning for Shape Correspondence
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present a novel learning-based approach for computing correspondences between non-rigid 3D shapes. Unlike previous methods that either require extensive training data or operate on handcrafted input descriptors and thus generalize poorly across diverse datasets, our approach is both accurate and robust to changes in shape structure. Key to our method is a feature-extraction network that learns directly from raw shape geometry, combined with a novel regularized map extraction layer and loss, based on the functional map representation. We demonstrate through extensive experiments in challenging shape matching scenarios that our method can learn from less training data than existing supervised approaches and generalizes significantly better than current descriptor-based learning methods. Our source code is available at: https://github.com/LIX-shape-analysis/GeomFmaps.
Key facts. Cited by 125 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 22; 2022: 20; 2023: 28; 2024: 15; 2025: 20; 2026: 20.
125 papers.
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- 2021Lepard: Learning partial point cloud matching in rigid and deformable scenescited by 85
- 2021NeuroMorph: Unsupervised Shape Interpolation and Correspondence in One Gocited by 81
- 2021Subdivision-Based Mesh Convolution Networkscited by 60
- 2022A Survey of Non-Rigid 3D Registrationcited by 59
- 2021DPFM: Deep Partial Functional Mapscited by 58
- 2023Unsupervised Learning of Robust Spectral Shape Matchingcited by 57
- 2023Diffusion 3D Features (Diff3F): Decorating Untextured Shapes with Distilled Semantic Featurescited by 55
- 2021Shape registration in the time of transformerscited by 51
- 2022Non-rigid Point Cloud Registration with Neural Deformation Pyramidcited by 41
- 2022Unsupervised Deep Multi-Shape Matchingcited by 39
- 2021Accurate Point Cloud Registration with Robust Optimal Transportcited by 38
- 2022Smooth Non-Rigid Shape Matching via Effective Dirichlet Energy Optimizationcited by 37
38 more
- 2022Deep Orientation-Aware Functional Maps: Tackling Symmetry Issues in Shape Matchingcited by 36
- 2022Learning Multi-resolution Functional Maps with Spectral Attention for Robust Shape Matchingcited by 35
- 2021Neural Surface Mapscited by 34
- 2023Zero-Shot 3D Shape Correspondencecited by 33
- 2021Multiway Non-rigid Point Cloud Registration via Learned Functional Map Synchronizationcited by 30
- 2023Spatially and Spectrally Consistent Deep Functional Mapscited by 30
- 2024Spectral Meets Spatial: Harmonising 3D Shape Matching and Interpolationcited by 26
- 2022Bending Graphs: Hierarchical Shape Matching using Gated Optimal Transportcited by 24
- 2022ACID: Action-Conditional Implicit Visual Dynamics for Deformable Object Manipulationcited by 24
- 2023Self-Supervised Learning for Multimodal Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matchingcited by 23
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scalecited by 21
- 2023Understanding and Improving Features Learned in Deep Functional Mapscited by 20
- 2022A Scalable Combinatorial Solver for Elastic Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matchingcited by 19
- 2023NCP: Neural Correspondence Prior for Effective Unsupervised Shape Matchingcited by 18
- 2023Hybrid Functional Maps for Crease-Aware Non-Isometric Shape Matchingcited by 18
- 2021Complex Functional Maps : a Conformal Link Between Tangent Bundlescited by 17
- 2024Partial-to-Partial Shape Matching with Geometric Consistencycited by 16
- 2021Field Convolutions for Surface CNNscited by 14
- 2023Deep Graph-based Spatial Consistency for Robust Non-rigid Point Cloud Registrationcited by 14
- 2023Point2SSM: Learning Morphological Variations of Anatomies from Point Cloudcited by 14
- 2024Memory-Scalable and Simplified Functional Map Learningcited by 14
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondencecited by 14
- 2025Hierarchical Neural Semantic Representation for 3D Semantic Correspondencecited by 14
- 2021ResNet-LDDMM: Advancing the LDDMM Framework using Deep Residual Networkscited by 13
- 2022Implicit field supervision for robust non-rigid shape matchingcited by 13
- 2022SRFeat: Learning Locally Accurate and Globally Consistent Non-Rigid Shape Correspondencecited by 13
- 2023Neural Semantic Surface Mapscited by 13
- 2023Non-Rigid Shape Registration via Deep Functional Maps Priorcited by 12
- 2024Integrating Efficient Optimal Transport and Functional Maps For Unsupervised Shape Correspondence Learningcited by 12
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimationcited by 12
- 2024Wormhole Loss for Partial Shape Matchingcited by 12
- 2023S3M: Scalable Statistical Shape Modeling through Unsupervised Correspondencescited by 11
- 2023GenCorres: Consistent Shape Matching via Coupled Implicit-Explicit Shape Generative Modelscited by 11
- 2023On Unsupervised Partial Shape Correspondencecited by 11
- 2024Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operators with Application to Shape Analysiscited by 10
- 2025DiffuMatch: Category-Agnostic Spectral Diffusion Priors for Robust Non-rigid Shape Matchingcited by 10
- 2023Neural Intrinsic Embedding for Non-rigid Point Cloud Matchingcited by 9
- 2023GAPS: Geometry-Aware, Physics-Based, Self-Supervised Neural Garment Drapingcited by 9
50 most cited of 125 All 125 (JSON)
- 2026BridgeMatch: Conditional Transport Bridges in Matching Matrix Space for 3D Deformable Registration10 Sep 2026
- 2026TokenMatch: 3D Mesh Correspondence Transformer with Curvature-Guided Tokenisation3 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026SCALP: Semi-Supervised Statistical Shape Modeling from Imperfect 3D Photogrammetry via Landmark-Anchored Spectral Warp31 Jul 2026
- 2026Intrinsic and Triangulation-Agnostic Attention: A Simple and Powerful Approach for Learning on Meshes27 Jul 2026
- 2026MDND: Unsupervised Learning Guided by Non-Differentiable Refinement for Shape Correspondence17 Jul 2026
- 2026RealSkin: Spatio-Spectral Partial Neural Adjoint Maps for Image-to-3D Attribute Transfer14 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSP: Consistent Spherical Parameterization via Learning Shape Generative Models1 Jul 2026
- 2026Hyper-Network Neural Functional Maps for Unsupervised Robust 3D Shape Matching29 Jun 2026
- 2026Geometry-Grounded Articulation and Test-Time Adaptation for Zero-Shot, Scalable Shape Matching in the Wild28 Jun 2026
- 2026Geometry Matters: 3D Foundation Priors for Learning Semantic Correspondence28 May 2026
- 2026Best Segmentation Buddies for Image-Shape Correspondence18 May 2026
38 more
- 2026SGSoft: Learning Fused Semantic-Geometric Features for 3D Shape Correspondence via Template-Guided Soft Signals18 May 2026
- 2026DeepShapeMatchingKit: Accelerated Functional Map Solver and Shape Matching Pipelines Revisited11 Apr 2026
- 2026RINO: Rotation-Invariant Non-Rigid Correspondences29 Mar 2026
- 2026On the Spectral Geometry of Cross-Modal Representations: A Functional Map Diagnostic for Multimodal Alignment28 Mar 2026
- 2026Domain Elastic Transform: Bayesian Function Registration for High-Dimensional Scientific Data22 Mar 2026
- 2026SGMatch: Semantic-Guided Non-Rigid Shape Matching with Flow Regularization13 Mar 2026
- 2026GLASS: Graph and Vision-Language Assisted Semantic Shape Correspondence8 Mar 2026
- 2026Universal 3D Shape Matching via Coarse-to-Fine Language Guidance22 Feb 2026
- 2025Unified Brain Surface and Volume Registration22 Dec 2025
- 2025PoissonNet: A Local-Global Approach for Learning on Surfaces15 Oct 2025
- 2025Hierarchical Neural Semantic Representation for 3D Semantic Correspondence22 Sep 2025
- 2025Graph Alignment via Dual-Pass Spectral Encoding and Latent Space Communication11 Sep 2025
- 2025Matching Shapes Under Different Topologies: A Topology-Adaptive Deformation Guided Approach8 Sep 2025
- 2025LUIVITON: Learned Universal Interoperable VIrtual Try-ON5 Sep 2025
- 2025DcMatch: Unsupervised Multi-Shape Matching with Dual-Level Consistency1 Sep 2025
- 2025Symmetry Understanding of 3D Shapes via Chirality Disentanglement7 Aug 2025
- 2025DiffuMatch: Category-Agnostic Spectral Diffusion Priors for Robust Non-rigid Shape Matching31 Jul 2025
- 2025Sinkhorn Normalization of Diffusion Kernels8 Jul 2025
- 2025FRIDU: Functional Map Refinement with Guided Image Diffusion17 Jun 2025
- 2025FOLIAGE: Towards Physical Intelligence World Models Via Unbounded Surface Evolution29 May 2025
- 2025NFR: Neural Feature-Guided Non-Rigid Shape Registration28 May 2025
- 2025Fast Globally Optimal and Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matching8 Apr 2025
- 2025Stable-SCore: A Stable Registration-based Framework for 3D Shape Correspondence27 Mar 2025
- 2025Surface-Aware Distilled 3D Semantic Features24 Mar 2025
- 2025Neural Descriptors: Self-Supervised Learning of Robust Local Surface Descriptors Using Polynomial Patches5 Mar 2025
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondence3 Mar 2025
- 20254Deform: Neural Surface Deformation for Robust Shape Interpolation27 Feb 2025
- 2025Occlusion-aware Non-Rigid Point Cloud Registration via Unsupervised Neural Deformation Correntropy15 Feb 2025
- 2024Revisiting Lesion Tracking in 3D Total Body Photography10 Dec 2024
- 2024UniRiT: Towards Few-Shot Non-Rigid Point Cloud Registration30 Oct 2024
- 2024Wormhole Loss for Partial Shape Matching30 Oct 2024
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimation18 Sep 2024
- 2024Synchronous Diffusion for Unsupervised Smooth Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matching11 Jul 2024
- 2024Neural Isometries: Taming Transformations for Equivariant ML29 May 2024
- 2024Partial-to-Partial Shape Matching with Geometric Consistency18 Apr 2024
- 2024Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operators with Application to Shape Analysis5 Apr 2024
- 2024Equivariant Local Reference Frames for Unsupervised Non-rigid Point Cloud Shape Correspondence1 Apr 2024
- 2024Memory-Scalable and Simplified Functional Map Learning30 Mar 2024
50 newest of 125 All 125 (JSON)
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondencecited by 14
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimationcited by 12
- 2025DiffuMatch: Category-Agnostic Spectral Diffusion Priors for Robust Non-rigid Shape Matchingcited by 10
- 2025FRIDU: Functional Map Refinement with Guided Image Diffusioncited by 4
- 2026Geometry Matters: 3D Foundation Priors for Learning Semantic Correspondencecited by 1
- 2026BridgeMatch: Conditional Transport Bridges in Matching Matrix Space for 3D Deformable Registrationcited by 0
- 2026BridgeMatch: Conditional Transport Bridges in Matching Matrix Space for 3D Deformable Registration10 Sep 2026
- 2026Geometry Matters: 3D Foundation Priors for Learning Semantic Correspondence28 May 2026
- 2025DiffuMatch: Category-Agnostic Spectral Diffusion Priors for Robust Non-rigid Shape Matching31 Jul 2025
- 2025FRIDU: Functional Map Refinement with Guided Image Diffusion17 Jun 2025
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondence3 Mar 2025
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimation18 Sep 2024
- 2021Lepard: Learning partial point cloud matching in rigid and deformable scenescited by 85
- 2021NeuroMorph: Unsupervised Shape Interpolation and Correspondence in One Gocited by 81
- 2021Subdivision-Based Mesh Convolution Networkscited by 60
- 2022A Survey of Non-Rigid 3D Registrationcited by 59
- 2021DPFM: Deep Partial Functional Mapscited by 58
- 2023Unsupervised Learning of Robust Spectral Shape Matchingcited by 57
- 2023Diffusion 3D Features (Diff3F): Decorating Untextured Shapes with Distilled Semantic Featurescited by 55
- 2021Shape registration in the time of transformerscited by 51
- 2022Non-rigid Point Cloud Registration with Neural Deformation Pyramidcited by 41
- 2022Unsupervised Deep Multi-Shape Matchingcited by 39
- 2021Accurate Point Cloud Registration with Robust Optimal Transportcited by 38
- 2022Smooth Non-Rigid Shape Matching via Effective Dirichlet Energy Optimizationcited by 37
12 most cited of 117 All 117 (JSON)
- 2026TokenMatch: 3D Mesh Correspondence Transformer with Curvature-Guided Tokenisation3 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026SCALP: Semi-Supervised Statistical Shape Modeling from Imperfect 3D Photogrammetry via Landmark-Anchored Spectral Warp31 Jul 2026
- 2026Intrinsic and Triangulation-Agnostic Attention: A Simple and Powerful Approach for Learning on Meshes27 Jul 2026
- 2026MDND: Unsupervised Learning Guided by Non-Differentiable Refinement for Shape Correspondence17 Jul 2026
- 2026RealSkin: Spatio-Spectral Partial Neural Adjoint Maps for Image-to-3D Attribute Transfer14 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSP: Consistent Spherical Parameterization via Learning Shape Generative Models1 Jul 2026
- 2026Hyper-Network Neural Functional Maps for Unsupervised Robust 3D Shape Matching29 Jun 2026
- 2026Geometry-Grounded Articulation and Test-Time Adaptation for Zero-Shot, Scalable Shape Matching in the Wild28 Jun 2026
- 2026Best Segmentation Buddies for Image-Shape Correspondence18 May 2026
- 2026SGSoft: Learning Fused Semantic-Geometric Features for 3D Shape Correspondence via Template-Guided Soft Signals18 May 2026
- 2026DeepShapeMatchingKit: Accelerated Functional Map Solver and Shape Matching Pipelines Revisited11 Apr 2026
12 newest of 117 All 117 (JSON)