DPFM: Deep Partial Functional Maps
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Abstract (arXiv)
We consider the problem of computing dense correspondences between non-rigid shapes with potentially significant partiality. Existing formulations tackle this problem through heavy manifold optimization in the spectral domain, given hand-crafted shape descriptors. In this paper, we propose the first learning method aimed directly at partial non-rigid shape correspondence. Our approach uses the functional map framework, can be trained in a supervised or unsupervised manner, and learns descriptors directly from the data, thus both improving robustness and accuracy in challenging cases. Furthermore, unlike existing techniques, our method is also applicable to partial-to-partial non-rigid matching, in which the common regions on both shapes are unknown a priori. We demonstrate that the resulting method is data-efficient, and achieves state-of-the-art results on several benchmark datasets. Our code and data can be found online: https://github.com/pvnieo/DPFM
Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 67 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Oct 2021.
Builds on
38 of 67 references.
References · 38
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26 more
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- 2019PRNet: Self-Supervised Learning for Partial-to-Partial Registrationcited by 146
- 2017Deep Functional Maps: Structured Prediction for Dense Shape Correspondencecited by 134
- 2018Activation Functions: Comparison of trends in Practice and Research for Deep Learningcited by 130
- 2020Deep Geometric Functional Maps: Robust Feature Learning for Shape Correspondencecited by 125
- 20193DRegNet: A Deep Neural Network for 3D Point Registrationcited by 96
- 2016Learning shape correspondence with anisotropic convolutional neural networkscited by 95
- 2018Unsupervised Deep Learning for Structured Shape Matchingcited by 81
- 2015Partial Functional Correspondencecited by 61
- 2015Building Statistical Shape Spaces for 3D Human Modelingcited by 47
- 2020CNNs on Surfaces using Rotation-Equivariant Featurescited by 43
- 2018Multi-directional Geodesic Neural Networks via Equivariant Convolutioncited by 32
- 2019ZoomOut: Spectral Upsampling for Efficient Shape Correspondencecited by 30
- 2018FARM: Functional Automatic Registration Method for 3D Human Bodiescited by 26
- 2020Structured Regularization of Functional Map Computationscited by 26
- 2020Non-Rigid Puzzlescited by 18
- 2019Correspondence-Free Region Localization for Partial Shape Similarity via Hamiltonian Spectrum Alignmentcited by 11
- 2020Wavelet-based Heat Kernel Derivatives: Towards Informative Localized Shape Analysiscited by 8
- 2020Weakly Supervised Deep Functional Map for Shape Matchingcited by 8
- 2020A Dual Iterative Refinement Method for Non-rigid Shape Matchingcited by 5
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 9; 2023: 18; 2024: 14; 2025: 7; 2026: 9.
58 papers.
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- 2021Lepard: Learning partial point cloud matching in rigid and deformable scenescited by 85
- 2022A Survey of Non-Rigid 3D Registrationcited by 59
- 2023Unsupervised Learning of Robust Spectral Shape Matchingcited by 57
- 2022Unsupervised Deep Multi-Shape Matchingcited by 39
- 2022Learning Multi-resolution Functional Maps with Spectral Attention for Robust Shape Matchingcited by 35
- 2023Spatially and Spectrally Consistent Deep Functional Mapscited by 30
- 2024Spectral Meets Spatial: Harmonising 3D Shape Matching and Interpolationcited by 26
- 2023Self-Supervised Learning for Multimodal Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matchingcited by 23
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scalecited by 21
- 2023Understanding and Improving Features Learned in Deep Functional Mapscited by 20
- 2022A Scalable Combinatorial Solver for Elastic Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matchingcited by 19
- 2023NCP: Neural Correspondence Prior for Effective Unsupervised Shape Matchingcited by 18
38 more
- 2023Hybrid Functional Maps for Crease-Aware Non-Isometric Shape Matchingcited by 18
- 2024Partial-to-Partial Shape Matching with Geometric Consistencycited by 16
- 2024Memory-Scalable and Simplified Functional Map Learningcited by 14
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondencecited by 14
- 2025Geometric Retargeting: A Principled, Ultrafast Neural Hand Retargeting Algorithmcited by 14
- 2022SRFeat: Learning Locally Accurate and Globally Consistent Non-Rigid Shape Correspondencecited by 13
- 2023Geometrically Consistent Partial Shape Matchingcited by 13
- 2024Integrating Efficient Optimal Transport and Functional Maps For Unsupervised Shape Correspondence Learningcited by 12
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimationcited by 12
- 2024Wormhole Loss for Partial Shape Matchingcited by 12
- 2023On Unsupervised Partial Shape Correspondencecited by 11
- 2024Beyond Complete Shapes: A Benchmark for Quantitative Evaluation of 3D Shape Surface Matching Algorithmscited by 11
- 2024Zero-Shot Image Feature Consensus with Deep Functional Mapscited by 10
- 2024Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operators with Application to Shape Analysiscited by 10
- 2024DV-Matcher: Deformation-based Non-Rigid Point Cloud Matching Guided by Pre-trained Visual Featurescited by 10
- 2022G-MSM: Unsupervised Multi-Shape Matching with Graph-based Affinity Priorscited by 8
- 2023Learning Harmonic Molecular Representations on Riemannian Manifoldcited by 8
- 2023Revisiting Map Relations for Unsupervised Non-Rigid Shape Matchingcited by 8
- 2023DiscoMatch: Fast Discrete Optimisation for Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matchingcited by 7
- 2024Shape Non-rigid Kinematics (SNK): A Zero-Shot Method for Non-Rigid Shape Matching via Unsupervised Functional Map Regularized Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2024Synchronous Diffusion for Unsupervised Smooth Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matchingcited by 7
- 2022Garment Avatars: Realistic Cloth Driving using Pattern Registrationcited by 6
- 2023Generalizable Local Feature Pre-training for Deformable Shape Analysiscited by 6
- 2023Leveraging Intrinsic Properties for Non-Rigid Garment Alignmentcited by 6
- 2024Neural Isometries: Taming Transformations for Equivariant MLcited by 6
- 2023AtomSurf : Surface Representation for Learning on Protein Structurescited by 5
- 2023SIGMA: Scale-Invariant Global Sparse Shape Matchingcited by 4
- 2025FRIDU: Functional Map Refinement with Guided Image Diffusioncited by 4
- 2025Symmetry Understanding of 3D Shapes via Chirality Disentanglementcited by 3
- 2026RINO: Rotation-Invariant Non-Rigid Correspondencescited by 2
- 2022Partial Shape Similarity via Alignment of Multi-Metric Hamiltonian Spectracited by 1
- 2022Semantic keypoint extraction for scanned animals using multi-depth-camera systemscited by 1
- 2023Unsupervised Representation Learning for Diverse Deformable Shape Collectionscited by 1
- 2026An Integer Linear Programming Approach to Geometrically Consistent Partial-Partial Shape Matchingcited by 1
- 2026DeepShapeMatchingKit: Accelerated Functional Map Solver and Shape Matching Pipelines Revisitedcited by 1
- 2026Hyper-Network Neural Functional Maps for Unsupervised Robust 3D Shape Matchingcited by 1
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registrationcited by 1
- 2023PWR-Align: Leveraging Part-Whole Relationships for Part-wise Rigid Point Cloud Registration in Mixed Reality Applicationscited by 0
50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2026NHO: A Neural Hamiltonian Operator for Anchor-based Region Localization and Dense Correspondence29 Sep 2026
- 2026TokenMatch: 3D Mesh Correspondence Transformer with Curvature-Guided Tokenisation3 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026Intrinsic and Triangulation-Agnostic Attention: A Simple and Powerful Approach for Learning on Meshes27 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSP: Consistent Spherical Parameterization via Learning Shape Generative Models1 Jul 2026
- 2026Hyper-Network Neural Functional Maps for Unsupervised Robust 3D Shape Matching29 Jun 2026
- 2026DeepShapeMatchingKit: Accelerated Functional Map Solver and Shape Matching Pipelines Revisited11 Apr 2026
- 2026RINO: Rotation-Invariant Non-Rigid Correspondences29 Mar 2026
- 2026An Integer Linear Programming Approach to Geometrically Consistent Partial-Partial Shape Matching6 Feb 2026
- 2025Graph Alignment via Dual-Pass Spectral Encoding and Latent Space Communication11 Sep 2025
- 2025Symmetry Understanding of 3D Shapes via Chirality Disentanglement7 Aug 2025
- 2025Sinkhorn Normalization of Diffusion Kernels8 Jul 2025
38 more
- 2025FRIDU: Functional Map Refinement with Guided Image Diffusion17 Jun 2025
- 2025NFR: Neural Feature-Guided Non-Rigid Shape Registration28 May 2025
- 2025Geometric Retargeting: A Principled, Ultrafast Neural Hand Retargeting Algorithm10 Mar 2025
- 2025Denoising Functional Maps: Diffusion Models for Shape Correspondence3 Mar 2025
- 2024Beyond Complete Shapes: A Benchmark for Quantitative Evaluation of 3D Shape Surface Matching Algorithms5 Nov 2024
- 2024Wormhole Loss for Partial Shape Matching30 Oct 2024
- 2024SRIF: Semantic Shape Registration Empowered by Diffusion-based Image Morphing and Flow Estimation18 Sep 2024
- 2024DV-Matcher: Deformation-based Non-Rigid Point Cloud Matching Guided by Pre-trained Visual Features16 Aug 2024
- 2024Synchronous Diffusion for Unsupervised Smooth Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matching11 Jul 2024
- 2024Neural Isometries: Taming Transformations for Equivariant ML29 May 2024
- 2024Partial-to-Partial Shape Matching with Geometric Consistency18 Apr 2024
- 2024Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operators with Application to Shape Analysis5 Apr 2024
- 2024Memory-Scalable and Simplified Functional Map Learning30 Mar 2024
- 2024Zero-Shot Image Feature Consensus with Deep Functional Maps18 Mar 2024
- 2024Shape Non-rigid Kinematics (SNK): A Zero-Shot Method for Non-Rigid Shape Matching via Unsupervised Functional Map Regularized Reconstruction11 Mar 2024
- 2024Integrating Efficient Optimal Transport and Functional Maps For Unsupervised Shape Correspondence Learning4 Mar 2024
- 2024Spectral Meets Spatial: Harmonising 3D Shape Matching and Interpolation29 Feb 2024
- 2024Deep Frequency-Aware Functional Maps for Robust Shape Matching6 Feb 2024
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scale21 Dec 2023
- 2023Hybrid Functional Maps for Crease-Aware Non-Isometric Shape Matching6 Dec 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Representation Learning for Diverse Deformable Shape Collections27 Oct 2023
- 2023On Unsupervised Partial Shape Correspondence23 Oct 2023
- 2023Revisiting Map Relations for Unsupervised Non-Rigid Shape Matching17 Oct 2023
- 2023DiscoMatch: Fast Discrete Optimisation for Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matching12 Oct 2023
- 2023AtomSurf : Surface Representation for Learning on Protein Structures28 Sep 2023
- 2023Geometrically Consistent Partial Shape Matching10 Sep 2023
- 2023Leveraging Intrinsic Properties for Non-Rigid Garment Alignment18 Aug 2023
- 2023Spatially and Spectrally Consistent Deep Functional Maps17 Aug 2023
- 2023SIGMA: Scale-Invariant Global Sparse Shape Matching16 Aug 2023
- 2023PWR-Align: Leveraging Part-Whole Relationships for Part-wise Rigid Point Cloud Registration in Mixed Reality Applications11 Jun 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Learning of Robust Spectral Shape Matching27 Apr 2023
- 2023Understanding and Improving Features Learned in Deep Functional Maps29 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning Harmonic Molecular Representations on Riemannian Manifold27 Mar 2023
- 2023Generalizable Local Feature Pre-training for Deformable Shape Analysis27 Mar 2023
- 2023Self-Supervised Learning for Multimodal Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matching20 Mar 2023
- 2023NCP: Neural Correspondence Prior for Effective Unsupervised Shape Matching14 Jan 2023
- 2022G-MSM: Unsupervised Multi-Shape Matching with Graph-based Affinity Priors6 Dec 2022
- 2022Semantic keypoint extraction for scanned animals using multi-depth-camera systems16 Nov 2022
50 newest of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2021Lepard: Learning partial point cloud matching in rigid and deformable scenescited by 85
- 2022A Survey of Non-Rigid 3D Registrationcited by 59
- 2023Unsupervised Learning of Robust Spectral Shape Matchingcited by 57
- 2022Unsupervised Deep Multi-Shape Matchingcited by 39
- 2022Learning Multi-resolution Functional Maps with Spectral Attention for Robust Shape Matchingcited by 35
- 2023Spatially and Spectrally Consistent Deep Functional Mapscited by 30
- 2024Spectral Meets Spatial: Harmonising 3D Shape Matching and Interpolationcited by 26
- 2023Self-Supervised Learning for Multimodal Non-Rigid 3D Shape Matchingcited by 23
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scalecited by 21
- 2023Understanding and Improving Features Learned in Deep Functional Mapscited by 20
- 2022A Scalable Combinatorial Solver for Elastic Geometrically Consistent 3D Shape Matchingcited by 19
- 2023NCP: Neural Correspondence Prior for Effective Unsupervised Shape Matchingcited by 18
12 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2026NHO: A Neural Hamiltonian Operator for Anchor-based Region Localization and Dense Correspondence29 Sep 2026
- 2026TokenMatch: 3D Mesh Correspondence Transformer with Curvature-Guided Tokenisation3 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026Intrinsic and Triangulation-Agnostic Attention: A Simple and Powerful Approach for Learning on Meshes27 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSP: Consistent Spherical Parameterization via Learning Shape Generative Models1 Jul 2026
- 2026Hyper-Network Neural Functional Maps for Unsupervised Robust 3D Shape Matching29 Jun 2026
- 2026DeepShapeMatchingKit: Accelerated Functional Map Solver and Shape Matching Pipelines Revisited11 Apr 2026
- 2026RINO: Rotation-Invariant Non-Rigid Correspondences29 Mar 2026
- 2026An Integer Linear Programming Approach to Geometrically Consistent Partial-Partial Shape Matching6 Feb 2026
- 2025Graph Alignment via Dual-Pass Spectral Encoding and Latent Space Communication11 Sep 2025
- 2025Symmetry Understanding of 3D Shapes via Chirality Disentanglement7 Aug 2025
- 2025Sinkhorn Normalization of Diffusion Kernels8 Jul 2025
12 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)