Entity, Relation, and Event Extraction with Contextualized Span Representations
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Abstract (arXiv)
We examine the capabilities of a unified, multi-task framework for three information extraction tasks: named entity recognition, relation extraction, and event extraction. Our framework (called DyGIE++) accomplishes all tasks by enumerating, refining, and scoring text spans designed to capture local (within-sentence) and global (cross-sentence) context. Our framework achieves state-of-the-art results across all tasks, on four datasets from a variety of domains. We perform experiments comparing different techniques to construct span representations. Contextualized embeddings like BERT perform well at capturing relationships among entities in the same or adjacent sentences, while dynamic span graph updates model long-range cross-sentence relationships. For instance, propagating span representations via predicted coreference links can enable the model to disambiguate challenging entity mentions. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/dwadden/dygiepp and can be easily adapted for new tasks or datasets.
Key facts. Cited by 261 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 Sep 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 60; 2022: 67; 2023: 71; 2024: 28; 2025: 18; 2026: 17.
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- 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 837
- 2021RadGraph: Extracting Clinical Entities and Relations from Radiology Reportscited by 310
- 2022Unified Structure Generation for Universal Information Extractioncited by 220
- 2021Structured Prediction as Translation between Augmented Natural Languagescited by 183
- 2021Document-Level Event Argument Extraction by Conditional Generationcited by 154
- 2023Evaluating ChatGPT's Information Extraction Capabilities: An Assessment of Performance, Explainability, Calibration, and Faithfulnesscited by 130
- 2021Text2Event: Controllable Sequence-to-Structure Generation for End-to-end Event Extractioncited by 129
- 2023Knowledge-enhanced Visual-Language Pre-training on Chest Radiology Imagescited by 128
- 2021Is GPT-3 Text Indistinguishable from Human Text? Scarecrow: A Framework for Scrutinizing Machine Textcited by 89
- 2021Unified Named Entity Recognition as Word-Word Relation Classificationcited by 89
- 2021Pre-trained Language Models in Biomedical Domain: A Systematic Surveycited by 87
- 2021DEGREE: A Data-Efficient Generation-Based Event Extraction Modelcited by 82
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- 2022Prompt for Extraction? PAIE: Prompting Argument Interaction for Event Argument Extractioncited by 54
- 2021Packed Levitated Marker for Entity and Relation Extractioncited by 49
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- 2021EventBERT: A Pre-Trained Model for Event Correlation Reasoningcited by 40
- 2022Multilingual Generative Language Models for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Event Argument Extractioncited by 40
- 2021UniRE: A Unified Label Space for Entity Relation Extractioncited by 38
- 2021CLEVE: Contrastive Pre-training for Event Extractioncited by 36
- 2022Dynamic Prefix-Tuning for Generative Template-based Event Extractioncited by 35
- 2021A Span-Based Model for Joint Overlapped and Discontinuous Named Entity Recognitioncited by 33
- 2021Document-level Entity-based Extraction as Template Generationcited by 33
- 2021An End-to-end Model for Entity-level Relation Extraction using Multi-instance Learningcited by 31
- 2023Exploring the Boundaries of GPT-4 in Radiologycited by 31
- 2021Noise Stability Regularization for Improving BERT Fine-tuningcited by 29
- 2023Style-Aware Radiology Report Generation with RadGraph and Few-Shot Promptingcited by 28
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- 2021A Trigger-Sense Memory Flow Framework for Joint Entity and Relation Extractioncited by 26
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- 2023A Comprehensive Survey on Relation Extraction: Recent Advances and New Frontierscited by 21
- 2023Unified Low-Resource Sequence Labeling by Sample-Aware Dynamic Sparse Finetuningcited by 21
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50 most cited of 261 All 261 (JSON)
- 2026ARGUS: Role-Aware Event Knowledge Graphs for U.S. Employment-Discrimination Complaints24 Sep 2026
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- 2026A Multi-Domain and Multi-Task Generative Framework with Explicit Task and Domain Conditioning for Cross-Domain Event Extraction24 Aug 2026
- 2026Fast and Accurate Quotation Attribution in Literary Texts3 Aug 2026
- 2026From Static Bibliometrics to Dynamic Knowledge Graphs: An LLM-Powered Framework for Modernizing Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) Analytics23 Jul 2026
- 2026SpanUQ: Span-Level Uncertainty Quantification for Large Language Model Generation7 Jul 2026
- 2026Cross-lingual Relation Extraction with Large Language Models: Zero-Shot, Few-Shot, and Fine-Tuned Evaluation on Romanian30 Jun 2026
- 2026Evaluation Pitfalls and Challenges in Multimedia Event Extraction25 Jun 2026
- 2026Clusters are All You Need: Pre-Training the Tsetlin Machine with Semantic Clusters from Language Models for Interpretability18 Jun 2026
- 2026LLMs+Graphs: Toward Graph-Native, Synergistic AI Systems10 Jun 2026
- 2026Narrative Knowledge Weaver: Narrative-Centric Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning for Long-Form Text Understanding4 Jun 2026
- 2026Decoding Text Spans for Efficient and Accurate Named-Entity Recognition22 Apr 2026
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- 2025Event Extraction in Large Language Model22 Dec 2025
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- 2025Beyond Fact Retrieval: Episodic Memory for RAG with Generative Semantic Workspaces10 Nov 2025
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- 2025SciNLP: A Domain-Specific Benchmark for Full-Text Scientific Entity and Relation Extraction in NLP9 Sep 2025
- 2025Reflective Agreement: Combining Self-Mixture of Agents with a Sequence Tagger for Robust Event Extraction26 Aug 2025
- 2025Keyword-Centric Prompting for One-Shot Event Detection with Self-Generated Rationale Enhancements11 Aug 2025
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- 2025LEMONADE: A Large Multilingual Expert-Annotated Abstractive Event Dataset for the Real World1 Jun 2025
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- 2025Multimodal Event Detection: Current Approaches and Defining the New Playground through LLMs and VLMs16 May 2025
- 2025Do LLMs Surpass Encoders for Biomedical NER?1 Apr 2025
- 2025Label Drop for Multi-Aspect Relation Modeling in Universal Information Extraction18 Feb 2025
- 2025Time Series Language Model for Descriptive Caption Generation3 Jan 2025
- 2024Are Triggers Needed for Document-Level Event Extraction?13 Nov 2024
- 2024SPEED++: A Multilingual Event Extraction Framework for Epidemic Prediction and Preparedness24 Oct 2024
- 2024Tripl`etoile: Extraction of Knowledge from Microblogging Text27 Aug 2024
- 2024Only One Relation Possible? Modeling the Ambiguity in Event Temporal Relation Extraction14 Aug 2024
- 2024A Structure-aware Generative Model for Biomedical Event Extraction13 Aug 2024
- 2024Can Rule-Based Insights Enhance LLMs for Radiology Report Classification? Introducing the RadPrompt Methodology7 Aug 2024
- 2024QAEA-DR: A Unified Text Augmentation Framework for Dense Retrieval29 Jul 2024
- 2024Extracting and Encoding: Leveraging Large Language Models and Medical Knowledge to Enhance Radiological Text Representation2 Jul 2024
- 2024Harvesting Events from Multiple Sources: Towards a Cross-Document Event Extraction Paradigm23 Jun 2024
- 2024Mathematical Entities: Corpora and Benchmarks17 Jun 2024
- 2024Adaptive Reinforcement Learning Planning: Harnessing Large Language Models for Complex Information Extraction17 Jun 2024
- 2024Creating an AI Observer: Generative Semantic Workspaces7 Jun 2024
- 2024RAG-based Crowdsourcing Task Decomposition via Masked Contrastive Learning with Prompts4 Jun 2024
- 2024PGA-SciRE: Harnessing LLM on Data Augmentation for Enhancing Scientific Relation Extraction30 May 2024
- 2024DEGAP: Dual Event-Guided Adaptive Prefixes for Templated-Based Event Argument Extraction with Slot Querying22 May 2024
50 newest of 261 All 261 (JSON)
- 2025Event Extraction in Large Language Modelcited by 5
- 2025Event Extraction in Large Language Model22 Dec 2025
- 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 837
- 2021RadGraph: Extracting Clinical Entities and Relations from Radiology Reportscited by 310
- 2022Unified Structure Generation for Universal Information Extractioncited by 220
- 2021Structured Prediction as Translation between Augmented Natural Languagescited by 183
- 2021Document-Level Event Argument Extraction by Conditional Generationcited by 154
- 2023Evaluating ChatGPT's Information Extraction Capabilities: An Assessment of Performance, Explainability, Calibration, and Faithfulnesscited by 130
- 2021Text2Event: Controllable Sequence-to-Structure Generation for End-to-end Event Extractioncited by 129
- 2023Knowledge-enhanced Visual-Language Pre-training on Chest Radiology Imagescited by 128
- 2021Is GPT-3 Text Indistinguishable from Human Text? Scarecrow: A Framework for Scrutinizing Machine Textcited by 89
- 2021Unified Named Entity Recognition as Word-Word Relation Classificationcited by 89
- 2021Pre-trained Language Models in Biomedical Domain: A Systematic Surveycited by 87
- 2021DEGREE: A Data-Efficient Generation-Based Event Extraction Modelcited by 82
12 most cited of 251 All 251 (JSON)
- 2026ARGUS: Role-Aware Event Knowledge Graphs for U.S. Employment-Discrimination Complaints24 Sep 2026
- 2026CMNIE: An Information Extraction Benchmark for Chinese Military News9 Sep 2026
- 2026A Multi-Domain and Multi-Task Generative Framework with Explicit Task and Domain Conditioning for Cross-Domain Event Extraction24 Aug 2026
- 2026Fast and Accurate Quotation Attribution in Literary Texts3 Aug 2026
- 2026From Static Bibliometrics to Dynamic Knowledge Graphs: An LLM-Powered Framework for Modernizing Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) Analytics23 Jul 2026
- 2026SpanUQ: Span-Level Uncertainty Quantification for Large Language Model Generation7 Jul 2026
- 2026Cross-lingual Relation Extraction with Large Language Models: Zero-Shot, Few-Shot, and Fine-Tuned Evaluation on Romanian30 Jun 2026
- 2026Evaluation Pitfalls and Challenges in Multimedia Event Extraction25 Jun 2026
- 2026Clusters are All You Need: Pre-Training the Tsetlin Machine with Semantic Clusters from Language Models for Interpretability18 Jun 2026
- 2026Decoding Text Spans for Efficient and Accurate Named-Entity Recognition22 Apr 2026
- 2026Text Data Integration28 Mar 2026
- 2026DIAL-KG: Schema-Free Incremental Knowledge Graph Construction via Dynamic Schema Induction and Evolution-Intent Assessment20 Mar 2026
12 newest of 251 All 251 (JSON)