Exploiting Persona Information for Diverse Generation of Conversational Responses
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Abstract (arXiv)
In human conversations, due to their personalities in mind, people can easily carry out and maintain the conversations. Giving conversational context with persona information to a chatbot, how to exploit the information to generate diverse and sustainable conversations is still a non-trivial task. Previous work on persona-based conversational models successfully make use of predefined persona information and have shown great promise in delivering more realistic responses. And they all learn with the assumption that given a source input, there is only one target response. However, in human conversations, there are massive appropriate responses to a given input message. In this paper, we propose a memory-augmented architecture to exploit persona information from context and incorporate a conditional variational autoencoder model together to generate diverse and sustainable conversations. We evaluate the proposed model on a benchmark persona-chat dataset. Both automatic and human evaluations show that our model can deliver more diverse and more engaging persona-based responses than baseline approaches.
Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 29 May 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 12; 2023: 15; 2024: 11; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.
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- 2021BoB: BERT Over BERT for Training Persona-based Dialogue Models from Limited Personalized Datacited by 75
- 2022Less is More: Learning to Refine Dialogue History for Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 47
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Modelscited by 47
- 2021One Chatbot Per Person: Creating Personalized Chatbots based on Implicit User Profilescited by 39
- 2025Know You First and Be You Better: Modeling Human-Like User Simulators via Implicit Profilescited by 38
- 2023Writer-Defined AI Personas for On-Demand Feedback Generationcited by 36
- 2021Controllable Semantic Parsing via Retrieval Augmentationcited by 35
- 2022Prompt Injection: Parameterization of Fixed Inputscited by 35
- 2023LiveChat: A Large-Scale Personalized Dialogue Dataset Automatically Constructed from Live Streamingcited by 27
- 2024Building Better AI Agents: A Provocation on the Utilisation of Persona in LLM-based Conversational Agentscited by 26
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generationcited by 25
- 2023RECAP: Retrieval-Enhanced Context-Aware Prefix Encoder for Personalized Dialogue Response Generationcited by 25
38 more
- 2023Enhancing Personalized Dialogue Generation with Contrastive Latent Variables: Combining Sparse and Dense Personacited by 24
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluationscited by 19
- 2022Improving Personality Consistency in Conversation by Persona Extendingcited by 17
- 2023Towards Robust Personalized Dialogue Generation via Order-Insensitive Representation Regularizationcited by 17
- 2021Towards Personalized Answer Generation in E-Commerce via Multi-Perspective Preference Modelingcited by 16
- 2023Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interaction Settings: What, Why and How?cited by 16
- 2023PRODIGy: a PROfile-based DIalogue Generation datasetcited by 16
- 2024REACT 2024: the Second Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challengecited by 16
- 2022Improving Contextual Coherence in Variational Personalized and Empathetic Dialogue Agentscited by 14
- 2022PCC: Paraphrasing with Bottom-k Sampling and Cyclic Learning for Curriculum Data Augmentationcited by 14
- 2023Building Persona Consistent Dialogue Agents with Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
- 2021Learning to Predict Persona Information forDialogue Personalization without Explicit Persona Descriptioncited by 12
- 2023MIRACLE: Towards Personalized Dialogue Generation with Latent-Space Multiple Personal Attribute Controlcited by 11
- 2024Preference-Conditioned Language-Guided Abstractioncited by 11
- 2021Transferable Persona-Grounded Dialogues via Grounded Minimal Editscited by 10
- 2023WHAT, WHEN, and HOW to Ground: Designing User Persona-Aware Conversational Agents for Engaging Dialoguecited by 10
- 2024"In Dialogues We Learn": Towards Personalized Dialogue Without Pre-defined Profiles through In-Dialogue Learningcited by 10
- 2021A Cooperative Memory Network for Personalized Task-oriented Dialogue Systems with Incomplete User Profilescited by 8
- 2021Bilateral Personalized Dialogue Generation with Contrastive Learningcited by 8
- 2021Generating Personalized Dialogue via Multi-Task Meta-Learningcited by 8
- 2022Target-Guided Dialogue Response Generation Using Commonsense and Data Augmentationcited by 8
- 2023Personalizing Task-oriented Dialog Systems via Zero-shot Generalizable Reward Functioncited by 7
- 2022Persona-Based Conversational AI: State of the Art and Challengescited by 6
- 2023UniMC: A Unified Framework for Long-Term Memory Conversation via Relevance Representation Learningcited by 6
- 2025AI Awarenesscited by 6
- 2025Automated Privacy Information Annotation in Large Language Model Interactionscited by 6
- 2021Controllable Dialogue Generation with Disentangled Multi-grained Style Specification and Attribute Consistency Rewardcited by 5
- 2023A Survey of Personality, Persona, and Profile in Conversational Agents and Chatbotscited by 5
- 2021Persona Authentication through Generative Dialoguecited by 4
- 2021DLVGen: A Dual Latent Variable Approach to Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 4
- 2022MCP: Self-supervised Pre-training for Personalized Chatbots with Multi-level Contrastive Samplingcited by 4
- 2024Apollonion: Profile-centric Dialog Agentcited by 4
- 2024MORPHEUS: Modeling Role from Personalized Dialogue History by Exploring and Utilizing Latent Spacecited by 4
- 2022There is no rose without a thorn: Finding weaknesses on BlenderBot 2.0 in terms of Model, Data and User-Centric Approachcited by 3
- 2022DialGuide: Aligning Dialogue Model Behavior with Developer Guidelinescited by 3
- 2025Towards Faithful and Controllable Personalization via Critique-Post-Edit Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2022Dual Task Framework for Improving Persona-grounded Dialogue Datasetcited by 2
- 2023Persona-Coded Poly-Encoder: Persona-Guided Multi-Stream Conversational Sentence Scoringcited by 2
50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2026Controlling and Assessing Appropriate Persona Use in LLM-based Dialogue Generation4 Sep 2026
- 2025Individualized Cognitive Simulation in Large Language Models: Evaluating Different Cognitive Representation Methods23 Oct 2025
- 2025Towards Faithful and Controllable Personalization via Critique-Post-Edit Reinforcement Learning21 Oct 2025
- 2025Automated Privacy Information Annotation in Large Language Model Interactions27 May 2025
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generation20 May 2025
- 2025AI Awareness25 Apr 2025
- 2025Know You First and Be You Better: Modeling Human-Like User Simulators via Implicit Profiles26 Feb 2025
- 2024Personalized LLM for Generating Customized Responses to the Same Query from Different Users16 Dec 2024
- 2024Unstructured Text Enhanced Open-domain Dialogue System: A Systematic Survey14 Nov 2024
- 2024A Stack-Propagation Framework for Low-Resource Personalized Dialogue Generation26 Oct 2024
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Models16 Jul 2024
- 2024MORPHEUS: Modeling Role from Personalized Dialogue History by Exploring and Utilizing Latent Space2 Jul 2024
38 more
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluations28 May 2024
- 2024Building Better AI Agents: A Provocation on the Utilisation of Persona in LLM-based Conversational Agents26 May 2024
- 2024Apollonion: Profile-centric Dialog Agent10 Apr 2024
- 2024"In Dialogues We Learn": Towards Personalized Dialogue Without Pre-defined Profiles through In-Dialogue Learning5 Mar 2024
- 2024Preference-Conditioned Language-Guided Abstraction5 Feb 2024
- 2024REACT 2024: the Second Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge10 Jan 2024
- 2023A Survey of Personality, Persona, and Profile in Conversational Agents and Chatbots31 Dec 2023
- 2023Partially Randomizing Transformer Weights for Dialogue Response Diversity18 Nov 2023
- 2023PRODIGy: a PROfile-based DIalogue Generation dataset9 Nov 2023
- 2023MIRACLE: Towards Personalized Dialogue Generation with Latent-Space Multiple Personal Attribute Control22 Oct 2023
- 2023Building Persona Consistent Dialogue Agents with Offline Reinforcement Learning16 Oct 2023
- 2023Persona-Coded Poly-Encoder: Persona-Guided Multi-Stream Conversational Sentence Scoring28 Sep 2023
- 2023Writer-Defined AI Personas for On-Demand Feedback Generation19 Sep 2023
- 2023UniMC: A Unified Framework for Long-Term Memory Conversation via Relevance Representation Learning18 Jun 2023
- 2023LiveChat: A Large-Scale Personalized Dialogue Dataset Automatically Constructed from Live Streaming14 Jun 2023
- 2023RECAP: Retrieval-Enhanced Context-Aware Prefix Encoder for Personalized Dialogue Response Generation12 Jun 2023
- 2023WHAT, WHEN, and HOW to Ground: Designing User Persona-Aware Conversational Agents for Engaging Dialogue6 Jun 2023
- 2023Towards Robust Personalized Dialogue Generation via Order-Insensitive Representation Regularization22 May 2023
- 2023Enhancing Personalized Dialogue Generation with Contrastive Latent Variables: Combining Sparse and Dense Persona19 May 2023
- 2023Personalizing Task-oriented Dialog Systems via Zero-shot Generalizable Reward Function24 Mar 2023
- 2023Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interaction Settings: What, Why and How?13 Feb 2023
- 2022DialGuide: Aligning Dialogue Model Behavior with Developer Guidelines20 Dec 2022
- 2022Persona-Based Conversational AI: State of the Art and Challenges4 Dec 2022
- 2022MCP: Self-supervised Pre-training for Personalized Chatbots with Multi-level Contrastive Sampling17 Oct 2022
- 2022Improving Personality Consistency in Conversation by Persona Extending23 Aug 2022
- 2022PCC: Paraphrasing with Bottom-k Sampling and Cyclic Learning for Curriculum Data Augmentation17 Aug 2022
- 2022Prompt Injection: Parameterization of Fixed Inputs31 May 2022
- 2022Target-Guided Dialogue Response Generation Using Commonsense and Data Augmentation19 May 2022
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generation21 Apr 2022
- 2022Less is More: Learning to Refine Dialogue History for Personalized Dialogue Generation18 Apr 2022
- 2022Improving Contextual Coherence in Variational Personalized and Empathetic Dialogue Agents12 Feb 2022
- 2022Dual Task Framework for Improving Persona-grounded Dialogue Dataset11 Feb 2022
- 2022There is no rose without a thorn: Finding weaknesses on BlenderBot 2.0 in terms of Model, Data and User-Centric Approach10 Jan 2022
- 2021Towards Personalized Answer Generation in E-Commerce via Multi-Perspective Preference Modeling27 Dec 2021
- 2021Learning to Predict Persona Information forDialogue Personalization without Explicit Persona Description30 Nov 2021
- 2021Partner Personas Generation for Diverse Dialogue Generation27 Nov 2021
- 2021DLVGen: A Dual Latent Variable Approach to Personalized Dialogue Generation22 Nov 2021
- 2021Persona Authentication through Generative Dialogue25 Oct 2021
50 newest of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generation20 May 2025
- 2024Preference-Conditioned Language-Guided Abstractioncited by 11
- 2024Preference-Conditioned Language-Guided Abstraction5 Feb 2024
- 2022Prompt Injection: Parameterization of Fixed Inputscited by 35
- 2022Prompt Injection: Parameterization of Fixed Inputs31 May 2022
- 2021BoB: BERT Over BERT for Training Persona-based Dialogue Models from Limited Personalized Datacited by 75
- 2022Less is More: Learning to Refine Dialogue History for Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 47
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Modelscited by 47
- 2021One Chatbot Per Person: Creating Personalized Chatbots based on Implicit User Profilescited by 39
- 2025Know You First and Be You Better: Modeling Human-Like User Simulators via Implicit Profilescited by 38
- 2023Writer-Defined AI Personas for On-Demand Feedback Generationcited by 36
- 2021Controllable Semantic Parsing via Retrieval Augmentationcited by 35
- 2023LiveChat: A Large-Scale Personalized Dialogue Dataset Automatically Constructed from Live Streamingcited by 27
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generationcited by 25
- 2023RECAP: Retrieval-Enhanced Context-Aware Prefix Encoder for Personalized Dialogue Response Generationcited by 25
- 2023Enhancing Personalized Dialogue Generation with Contrastive Latent Variables: Combining Sparse and Dense Personacited by 24
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluationscited by 19
12 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)
- 2026Controlling and Assessing Appropriate Persona Use in LLM-based Dialogue Generation4 Sep 2026
- 2025Individualized Cognitive Simulation in Large Language Models: Evaluating Different Cognitive Representation Methods23 Oct 2025
- 2025Automated Privacy Information Annotation in Large Language Model Interactions27 May 2025
- 2025AI Awareness25 Apr 2025
- 2025Know You First and Be You Better: Modeling Human-Like User Simulators via Implicit Profiles26 Feb 2025
- 2024Personalized LLM for Generating Customized Responses to the Same Query from Different Users16 Dec 2024
- 2024Unstructured Text Enhanced Open-domain Dialogue System: A Systematic Survey14 Nov 2024
- 2024A Stack-Propagation Framework for Low-Resource Personalized Dialogue Generation26 Oct 2024
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Models16 Jul 2024
- 2024MORPHEUS: Modeling Role from Personalized Dialogue History by Exploring and Utilizing Latent Space2 Jul 2024
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluations28 May 2024
- 2024"In Dialogues We Learn": Towards Personalized Dialogue Without Pre-defined Profiles through In-Dialogue Learning5 Mar 2024
12 newest of 52 All 52 (JSON)