RECAP: Retrieval-Enhanced Context-Aware Prefix Encoder for Personalized Dialogue Response Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Endowing chatbots with a consistent persona is essential to an engaging conversation, yet it remains an unresolved challenge. In this work, we propose a new retrieval-enhanced approach for personalized response generation. Specifically, we design a hierarchical transformer retriever trained on dialogue domain data to perform personalized retrieval and a context-aware prefix encoder that fuses the retrieved information to the decoder more effectively. Extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our model at generating more fluent and personalized responses. We quantitatively evaluate our model's performance under a suite of human and automatic metrics and find it to be superior compared to state-of-the-art baselines on English Reddit conversations.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Jun 2023.
Builds on
34 of 57 references.
References · 34
- 2019RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approachcited by 13,372
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,512
- 2021Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generationcited by 3,915
- 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
- 2020BLEURT: Learning Robust Metrics for Text Generationcited by 1,203
- 2019DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generationcited by 842
- 2018Personalizing Dialogue Agents: I have a dog, do you have pets too?cited by 828
- 2020Recipes for building an open-domain chatbotcited by 593
- 2020The Pushshift Reddit Datasetcited by 292
- 2016A Persona-Based Neural Conversation Modelcited by 223
- 2015Building End-To-End Dialogue Systems Using Generative Hierarchical Neural Network Modelscited by 207
22 more
- 2022BlenderBot 3: a deployed conversational agent that continually learns to responsibly engagecited by 198
- 2019Poly-encoders: Transformer Architectures and Pre-training Strategies for Fast and Accurate Multi-sentence Scoringcited by 165
- 2018Training Millions of Personalized Dialogue Agentscited by 126
- 2019HIBERT: Document Level Pre-training of Hierarchical Bidirectional Transformers for Document Summarizationcited by 121
- 2020Optimus: Organizing Sentences via Pre-trained Modeling of a Latent Spacecited by 114
- 2019Hierarchical Transformers for Long Document Classificationcited by 104
- 2021Luna: Linear Unified Nested Attentioncited by 96
- 2022Same Author or Just Same Topic? Towards Content-Independent Style Representationscited by 86
- 2021BoB: BERT Over BERT for Training Persona-based Dialogue Models from Limited Personalized Datacited by 75
- 2019Personalized Dialogue Generation with Diversified Traitscited by 74
- 2019Exploiting Persona Information for Diverse Generation of Conversational Responsescited by 58
- 2022Less is More: Learning to Refine Dialogue History for Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 47
- 2020PANDORA Talks: Personality and Demographics on Redditcited by 40
- 2021One Chatbot Per Person: Creating Personalized Chatbots based on Implicit User Profilescited by 39
- 2017StarSpace: Embed All The Things!cited by 24
- 2020Grounding Conversations with Improvised Dialoguescited by 22
- 2019Getting To Know You: User Attribute Extraction from Dialoguescited by 19
- 2021A Three-Stage Learning Framework for Low-Resource Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generationcited by 19
- 2021Refocusing on Relevance: Personalization in NLGcited by 18
- 2022MBTI Personality Prediction for Fictional Characters Using Movie Scriptscited by 14
- 2018Automatic Evaluation of Neural Personality-based Chatbotscited by 6
- 2021Macro-Average: Rare Types Are Important Toocited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 10; 2025: 10; 2026: 5.
25 papers.
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- 2024Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Natural Language Processing: A Surveycited by 71
- 2025A Survey of Personalized Large Language Models: Progress and Future Directionscited by 71
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Modelscited by 48
- 2025Rethinking Memory in LLM based Agents: Representations, Operations, and Emerging Topicscited by 36
- 2025A Survey of Personalization: From RAG to Agentcited by 27
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluationscited by 20
- 2025YoChameleon: Personalized Vision and Language Generationcited by 20
- 2024RST-LoRA: A Discourse-Aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Long Document Abstractive Summarizationcited by 11
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025Codifying Character Logic in Role-Playingcited by 5
- 2025Tuning-Free Personalized Alignment via Trial-Error-Explain In-Context Learningcited by 4
- 2024DEGAP: Dual Event-Guided Adaptive Prefixes for Templated-Based Event Argument Extraction with Slot Queryingcited by 3
13 more
- 2024StyEmp: Stylizing Empathetic Response Generation via Multi-Grained Prefix Encoder and Personality Reinforcementcited by 3
- 2025Personalized Language Model Learning on Text Data Without User Identifierscited by 3
- 2025K-COMP: Retrieval-Augmented Medical Domain Question Answering With Knowledge-Injected Compressorcited by 2
- 2025Tailored untruths: How personalisation challenges LLM safeguardscited by 2
- 2024BotEval: Facilitating Interactive Human Evaluationcited by 1
- 2025Persona-Aware Alignment Framework for Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 1
- 2024QASE Enhanced PLMs: Improved Control in Text Generation for MRCcited by 0
- 2024Enhancing Pre-Trained Generative Language Models with Question Attended Span Extraction on Machine Reading Comprehensioncited by 0
- 2026Do Implicit Personalization and Explicit Styles Conflict? PsPLUG: A Lightweight Plug-in for Balancing Personalization and Style in Customized LLMscited by 0
- 2026CXRMate-2: Structured Multimodal Temporal Embeddings and Tractable Reinforcement Learning for Clinically Acceptable Chest X-ray Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
- 2026An Annotation Scheme and Classifier for Personal Facts in Dialoguecited by 0
- 2026Learning Preference Adaptation for Large Language Model Personalization via Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Weightless Fine-Tuning: Personalizing LLMs via Logit-Space Transportcited by 0
- 2026Weightless Fine-Tuning: Personalizing LLMs via Logit-Space Transport11 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Preference Adaptation for Large Language Model Personalization via Verbal Reinforcement Learning10 Aug 2026
- 2026An Annotation Scheme and Classifier for Personal Facts in Dialogue11 May 2026
- 2026CXRMate-2: Structured Multimodal Temporal Embeddings and Tractable Reinforcement Learning for Clinically Acceptable Chest X-ray Radiology Report Generation21 Apr 2026
- 2026Do Implicit Personalization and Explicit Styles Conflict? PsPLUG: A Lightweight Plug-in for Balancing Personalization and Style in Customized LLMs10 Jan 2026
- 2025Persona-Aware Alignment Framework for Personalized Dialogue Generation13 Nov 2025
- 2025Tailored untruths: How personalisation challenges LLM safeguards14 Oct 2025
- 2025Codifying Character Logic in Role-Playing12 May 2025
- 2025Rethinking Memory in LLM based Agents: Representations, Operations, and Emerging Topics1 May 2025
- 2025YoChameleon: Personalized Vision and Language Generation29 Apr 2025
- 2025A Survey of Personalization: From RAG to Agent14 Apr 2025
- 2025A Survey of Personalized Large Language Models: Progress and Future Directions17 Feb 2025
13 more
- 2025Tuning-Free Personalized Alignment via Trial-Error-Explain In-Context Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2025K-COMP: Retrieval-Augmented Medical Domain Question Answering With Knowledge-Injected Compressor23 Jan 2025
- 2025Personalized Language Model Learning on Text Data Without User Identifiers10 Jan 2025
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Models23 Sep 2024
- 2024StyEmp: Stylizing Empathetic Response Generation via Multi-Grained Prefix Encoder and Personality Reinforcement5 Aug 2024
- 2024BotEval: Facilitating Interactive Human Evaluation25 Jul 2024
- 2024Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Natural Language Processing: A Survey18 Jul 2024
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Models16 Jul 2024
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluations28 May 2024
- 2024DEGAP: Dual Event-Guided Adaptive Prefixes for Templated-Based Event Argument Extraction with Slot Querying22 May 2024
- 2024RST-LoRA: A Discourse-Aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Long Document Abstractive Summarization1 May 2024
- 2024Enhancing Pre-Trained Generative Language Models with Question Attended Span Extraction on Machine Reading Comprehension27 Apr 2024
- 2024QASE Enhanced PLMs: Improved Control in Text Generation for MRC26 Feb 2024
- 2025YoChameleon: Personalized Vision and Language Generationcited by 20
- 2025YoChameleon: Personalized Vision and Language Generation29 Apr 2025
- 2025A Survey of Personalized Large Language Models: Progress and Future Directionscited by 71
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Modelscited by 48
- 2024Recent Trends in Personalized Dialogue Generation: A Review of Datasets, Methodologies, and Evaluationscited by 20
- 2024RST-LoRA: A Discourse-Aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Long Document Abstractive Summarizationcited by 11
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025Codifying Character Logic in Role-Playingcited by 5
- 2025Tuning-Free Personalized Alignment via Trial-Error-Explain In-Context Learningcited by 4
- 2024DEGAP: Dual Event-Guided Adaptive Prefixes for Templated-Based Event Argument Extraction with Slot Queryingcited by 3
- 2024StyEmp: Stylizing Empathetic Response Generation via Multi-Grained Prefix Encoder and Personality Reinforcementcited by 3
- 2025Personalized Language Model Learning on Text Data Without User Identifierscited by 3
- 2024BotEval: Facilitating Interactive Human Evaluationcited by 1
- 2025Persona-Aware Alignment Framework for Personalized Dialogue Generationcited by 1
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Weightless Fine-Tuning: Personalizing LLMs via Logit-Space Transport11 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Preference Adaptation for Large Language Model Personalization via Verbal Reinforcement Learning10 Aug 2026
- 2026An Annotation Scheme and Classifier for Personal Facts in Dialogue11 May 2026
- 2026CXRMate-2: Structured Multimodal Temporal Embeddings and Tractable Reinforcement Learning for Clinically Acceptable Chest X-ray Radiology Report Generation21 Apr 2026
- 2026Do Implicit Personalization and Explicit Styles Conflict? PsPLUG: A Lightweight Plug-in for Balancing Personalization and Style in Customized LLMs10 Jan 2026
- 2025Persona-Aware Alignment Framework for Personalized Dialogue Generation13 Nov 2025
- 2025Codifying Character Logic in Role-Playing12 May 2025
- 2025A Survey of Personalized Large Language Models: Progress and Future Directions17 Feb 2025
- 2025Tuning-Free Personalized Alignment via Trial-Error-Explain In-Context Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2025Personalized Language Model Learning on Text Data Without User Identifiers10 Jan 2025
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Models23 Sep 2024
- 2024StyEmp: Stylizing Empathetic Response Generation via Multi-Grained Prefix Encoder and Personality Reinforcement5 Aug 2024
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)