Few-Shot Adaptive Gaze Estimation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Inter-personal anatomical differences limit the accuracy of person-independent gaze estimation networks. Yet there is a need to lower gaze errors further to enable applications requiring higher quality. Further gains can be achieved by personalizing gaze networks, ideally with few calibration samples. However, over-parameterized neural networks are not amenable to learning from few examples as they can quickly over-fit. We embrace these challenges and propose a novel framework for Few-shot Adaptive GaZE Estimation (FAZE) for learning person-specific gaze networks with very few (less than or equal to 9) calibration samples. FAZE learns a rotation-aware latent representation of gaze via a disentangling encoder-decoder architecture along with a highly adaptable gaze estimator trained using meta-learning. It is capable of adapting to any new person to yield significant performance gains with as few as 3 samples, yielding state-of-the-art performance of 3.18 degrees on GazeCapture, a 19% improvement over prior art. We open-source our code at https://github.com/NVlabs/few_shot_gaze
Key facts. Cited by 77 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 6 May 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 21; 2023: 15; 2024: 8; 2025: 13; 2026: 7.
77 papers.
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- 2021Appearance-based Gaze Estimation With Deep Learning: A Review and Benchmarkcited by 82
- 2021PureGaze: Purifying Gaze Feature for Generalizable Gaze Estimationcited by 54
- 2021Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Outlier-guided Collaborative Adaptationcited by 42
- 2021Automatic Gaze Analysis: A Survey of Deep Learning based Approachescited by 33
- 2021Weakly-Supervised Physically Unconstrained Gaze Estimationcited by 28
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Followingcited by 22
- 2021TOHAN: A One-step Approach towards Few-shot Hypothesis Adaptationcited by 17
- 2021LARGE: Latent-Based Regression through GAN Semanticscited by 17
- 2022Contrastive Representation Learning for Gaze Estimationcited by 14
- 2022Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimationcited by 13
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devicescited by 13
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 12
38 more
- 2024Spatio-Temporal Attention and Gaussian Processes for Personalized Video Gaze Estimationcited by 12
- 20223DGazeNet: Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Weak-Supervision from Synthetic Viewscited by 11
- 2023EFE: End-to-end Frame-to-Gaze Estimationcited by 11
- 2021MTGLS: Multi-Task Gaze Estimation with Limited Supervisioncited by 10
- 2022Free-HeadGAN: Neural Talking Head Synthesis with Explicit Gaze Controlcited by 10
- 2022NeRF-Gaze: A Head-Eye Redirection Parametric Model for Gaze Estimationcited by 10
- 2023Rotation-Constrained Cross-View Feature Fusion for Multi-View Appearance-based Gaze Estimationcited by 10
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 9
- 2022LatentGaze: Cross-Domain Gaze Estimation through Gaze-Aware Analytic Latent Code Manipulationcited by 8
- 2024Test-Time Personalization with Meta Prompt for Gaze Estimationcited by 8
- 2025UniGaze: Towards Universal Gaze Estimation via Large-scale Pre-Trainingcited by 8
- 2022Towards Self-Supervised Gaze Estimationcited by 6
- 2022Jitter Does Matter: Adapting Gaze Estimation to New Domainscited by 6
- 2023ReDirTrans: Latent-to-Latent Translation for Gaze and Head Redirectioncited by 6
- 2023High-Fidelity Eye Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Human Facecited by 6
- 2025Quantifying the Impact of Motion on 2D Gaze Estimation in Real-World Mobile Interactionscited by 6
- 2021CUDA-GHR: Controllable Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Gaze and Head Redirectioncited by 5
- 2021The Story in Your Eyes: An Individual-difference-aware Model for Cross-person Gaze Estimationcited by 5
- 2022Unsupervised High-Resolution Portrait Gaze Correction and Animationcited by 5
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimationcited by 5
- 2025Few-shot Personalized Scanpath Predictioncited by 5
- 2021FLAME: Facial Landmark Heatmap Activated Multimodal Gaze Estimationcited by 4
- 2022HAZE-Net: High-Frequency Attentive Super-Resolved Gaze Estimation in Low-Resolution Face Imagescited by 4
- 2023Diversity-enhancing Generative Network for Few-shot Hypothesis Adaptationcited by 4
- 2022Modern Augmented Reality: Applications, Trends, and Future Directionscited by 3
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglementcited by 3
- 2024Appearance Debiased Gaze Estimation via Stochastic Subject-Wise Adversarial Learningcited by 3
- 20253D Prior is All You Need: Cross-Task Few-shot 2D Gaze Estimationcited by 3
- 2025MAC-Gaze: Motion-Aware Continual Calibration for Mobile Gaze Trackingcited by 3
- 2022AV-Gaze: A Study on the Effectiveness of Audio Guided Visual Attention Estimation for Non-Profilic Facescited by 2
- 2023Investigation of Architectures and Receptive Fields for Appearance-based Gaze Estimationcited by 2
- 2023PCFGaze: Physics-Consistent Feature for Appearance-based Gaze Estimationcited by 2
- 2024Learning Gaze-aware Compositional GANcited by 2
- 2024Video-based Analysis Reveals Atypical Social Gaze in People with Autism Spectrum Disordercited by 2
- 2025Digitally Prototype Your Eye Tracker: Simulating Hardware Performance using 3D Synthetic Datacited by 2
- 2021Vulnerability of Appearance-based Gaze Estimationcited by 1
- 2022Multistream Gaze Estimation with Anatomical Eye Region Isolation by Synthetic to Real Transfer Learningcited by 1
- 2022Learning Video-independent Eye Contact Segmentation from In-the-Wild Videoscited by 1
50 most cited of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2026Drift Calibration in Geometric Eye Tracking Systems30 Aug 2026
- 2026GazePrior: Zero-Shot AR/VR Eye Tracking via Learned 3D Gaze Reconstruction21 May 2026
- 2026Real-time Appearance-based Gaze Estimation for Open Domains27 Mar 2026
- 2026Polarization-Based Eye Tracking with Personalized Siamese Architectures26 Mar 2026
- 2026Is Geometry Enough? An Evaluation of Landmark-Based Gaze Estimation25 Mar 2026
- 2026Deployment-Oriented Session-wise Meta-Calibration for Landmark-Based Webcam Gaze Tracking12 Mar 2026
- 2026Alfa: Attentive Low-Rank Filter Adaptation for Structure-Aware Cross-Domain Personalized Gaze Estimation9 Mar 2026
- 2025Learning Spatio-Temporal Feature Representations for Video-Based Gaze Estimation19 Dec 2025
- 2025GazeProphetV2: Head-Movement-Based Gaze Prediction Enabling Efficient Foveated Rendering on Mobile VR25 Nov 2025
- 2025WEBEYETRACK: Scalable Eye-Tracking for the Browser via On-Device Few-Shot Personalization27 Aug 2025
- 2025Pose-Robust Calibration Strategy for Point-of-Gaze Estimation on Mobile Phones14 Aug 2025
- 2025Stable Tracking of Eye Gaze Direction During Ophthalmic Surgery1 Jul 2025
38 more
- 2025QualitEye: Public and Privacy-preserving Gaze Data Quality Verification6 Jun 2025
- 2025MAC-Gaze: Motion-Aware Continual Calibration for Mobile Gaze Tracking28 May 2025
- 2025Few-shot Personalized Scanpath Prediction7 Apr 2025
- 2025Digitally Prototype Your Eye Tracker: Simulating Hardware Performance using 3D Synthetic Data20 Mar 2025
- 2025Quantifying the Impact of Motion on 2D Gaze Estimation in Real-World Mobile Interactions14 Feb 2025
- 20253D Prior is All You Need: Cross-Task Few-shot 2D Gaze Estimation6 Feb 2025
- 2025UniGaze: Towards Universal Gaze Estimation via Large-scale Pre-Training4 Feb 2025
- 2025Enhancing accuracy of uncertainty estimation in appearance-based gaze tracking with probabilistic evaluation and calibration24 Jan 2025
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splatting20 Nov 2024
- 2024GazeGen: Gaze-Driven User Interaction for Visual Content Generation7 Nov 2024
- 2024Video-based Analysis Reveals Atypical Social Gaze in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder1 Sep 2024
- 2024ELF-UA: Efficient Label-Free User Adaptation in Gaze Estimation13 Jun 2024
- 2024Learning Gaze-aware Compositional GAN31 May 2024
- 2024Spatio-Temporal Attention and Gaussian Processes for Personalized Video Gaze Estimation8 Apr 2024
- 2024Appearance Debiased Gaze Estimation via Stochastic Subject-Wise Adversarial Learning25 Jan 2024
- 2024Test-Time Personalization with Meta Prompt for Gaze Estimation3 Jan 2024
- 2023GazeCLIP: Enhancing Gaze Estimation Through Text-Guided Multimodal Learning30 Dec 2023
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimation25 Dec 2023
- 2023Angle Range and Identity Similarity Enhanced Gaze and Head Redirection based on Synthetic data11 Sep 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Gaze-aware Contrastive Learning with Subject-specific Condition8 Sep 2023
- 2023PCFGaze: Physics-Consistent Feature for Appearance-based Gaze Estimation5 Sep 2023
- 2023Investigation of Architectures and Receptive Fields for Appearance-based Gaze Estimation18 Aug 2023
- 2023High-Fidelity Eye Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Human Face1 Aug 2023
- 2023Diversity-enhancing Generative Network for Few-shot Hypothesis Adaptation12 Jul 2023
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devices30 Jun 2023
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglement25 May 2023
- 2023Rotation-Constrained Cross-View Feature Fusion for Multi-View Appearance-based Gaze Estimation22 May 2023
- 2023ReDirTrans: Latent-to-Latent Translation for Gaze and Head Redirection19 May 2023
- 2023EFE: End-to-end Frame-to-Gaze Estimation9 May 2023
- 2023Confidence-aware 3D Gaze Estimation and Evaluation Metric17 Mar 2023
- 2023Towards Precision in Appearance-based Gaze Estimation in the Wild5 Feb 2023
- 2022NeRF-Gaze: A Head-Eye Redirection Parametric Model for Gaze Estimation30 Dec 2022
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fields8 Dec 2022
- 20223DGazeNet: Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Weak-Supervision from Synthetic Views6 Dec 2022
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Following20 Nov 2022
- 2022A new benchmark for group distribution shifts in hand grasp regression for object manipulation. Can meta-learning raise the bar?31 Oct 2022
- 2022Contrastive Representation Learning for Gaze Estimation24 Oct 2022
- 2022Jitter Does Matter: Adapting Gaze Estimation to New Domains5 Oct 2022
50 newest of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2021Appearance-based Gaze Estimation With Deep Learning: A Review and Benchmarkcited by 82
- 2021PureGaze: Purifying Gaze Feature for Generalizable Gaze Estimationcited by 54
- 2021Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Outlier-guided Collaborative Adaptationcited by 42
- 2021Automatic Gaze Analysis: A Survey of Deep Learning based Approachescited by 33
- 2021Weakly-Supervised Physically Unconstrained Gaze Estimationcited by 28
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Followingcited by 22
- 2021TOHAN: A One-step Approach towards Few-shot Hypothesis Adaptationcited by 17
- 2021LARGE: Latent-Based Regression through GAN Semanticscited by 17
- 2022Contrastive Representation Learning for Gaze Estimationcited by 14
- 2022Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimationcited by 13
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devicescited by 13
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 12
12 most cited of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2026Drift Calibration in Geometric Eye Tracking Systems30 Aug 2026
- 2026GazePrior: Zero-Shot AR/VR Eye Tracking via Learned 3D Gaze Reconstruction21 May 2026
- 2026Real-time Appearance-based Gaze Estimation for Open Domains27 Mar 2026
- 2026Polarization-Based Eye Tracking with Personalized Siamese Architectures26 Mar 2026
- 2026Is Geometry Enough? An Evaluation of Landmark-Based Gaze Estimation25 Mar 2026
- 2026Deployment-Oriented Session-wise Meta-Calibration for Landmark-Based Webcam Gaze Tracking12 Mar 2026
- 2026Alfa: Attentive Low-Rank Filter Adaptation for Structure-Aware Cross-Domain Personalized Gaze Estimation9 Mar 2026
- 2025Learning Spatio-Temporal Feature Representations for Video-Based Gaze Estimation19 Dec 2025
- 2025GazeProphetV2: Head-Movement-Based Gaze Prediction Enabling Efficient Foveated Rendering on Mobile VR25 Nov 2025
- 2025WEBEYETRACK: Scalable Eye-Tracking for the Browser via On-Device Few-Shot Personalization27 Aug 2025
- 2025Pose-Robust Calibration Strategy for Point-of-Gaze Estimation on Mobile Phones14 Aug 2025
- 2025Stable Tracking of Eye Gaze Direction During Ophthalmic Surgery1 Jul 2025
12 newest of 77 All 77 (JSON)