mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Medical and biomedical RAG

307 papers1 this weekHigh confidence in this grouping: the papers form one clear topicHigh confidence in this grouping: the papers form one clear topic · About

Keywords: medical, clinical, retrieval, generation, llms

Key facts. Medical and biomedical RAG: 307 papers on arXiv since 2022 (data through 7 Oct 2026). 74 of its 307 mapped papers (24%) cite “Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicine” (2024, arXiv 2402.13178). 32 of its 307 mapped papers (10%) cite “Almanac: Retrieval-Augmented Language Models for Clinical Medicine” (2023, arXiv 2303.01229). 5 new papers 17 Sep–7 Oct.

What’s new

17 Sep – 7 Oct 2026

5 new papers, 17 Sep – 7 Oct; 1 this week.

  1. This week · 1
  2. BEACON-SP: Ontology-Grounded GraphRAG Framework for Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment
  3. Earlier · 4
  4. ARCagent: An Adaptive Retrieval Calibration Agent for Clinical Question Answering
  5. CRISS: A Retrieval-Augmented AI Chatbot for Assisting Cancer Registrars
  6. When Retrieval Hurts: Measuring and Explaining Retrieval-Induced Hallucination in Chest X-ray Report Generation also fits: Hallucination detection in RAG
  7. FootprintRAG: Visual Analytics for Evidence Context Refinement in RAG-based Scientific Literature Exploration also fits: Multimodal RAG

Foundations

Most cited by papers here

  1. Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicine2024cited by 74 here
  2. Almanac: Retrieval-Augmented Language Models for Clinical Medicine2023cited by 32 here
  3. Improving Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Medicine with Iterative Follow-up Questions2024cited by 16 here
  4. Medical Graph RAG: Towards Safe Medical Large Language Model via Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation2024cited by 14 here
  5. Rationale-Guided Retrieval Augmented Generation for Medical Question Answering2024cited by 13 here

Lineage

The papers this direction builds on, oldest first.

Each paper on the line cites the one before.

  1. 2020REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Trainingcited by 22 here
  2. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 169 here
  3. 2022Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Modelscited by 12 here
  4. 2023REPLUG: Retrieval-Augmented Black-Box Language Modelscited by 12 here
  5. 2023In-Context Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 14 here
  6. 2023Active Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 8 here
  7. 2023Making Retrieval-Augmented Language Models Robust to Irrelevant Contextcited by 10 here
  8. 2023Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflectioncited by 37 here
  9. 2023Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 57 here
  10. 2024Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicinecited by 74 here
  11. 2024Improving Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Medicine with Iterative Follow-up Questionscited by 16 here
  12. 2024Rationale-Guided Retrieval Augmented Generation for Medical Question Answeringcited by 13 here
12 more it builds on, not in this chain
  1. 2022When Not to Trust Language Models: Investigating Effectiveness of Parametric and Non-Parametric Memoriescited by 8 here
  2. 2023Almanac: Retrieval-Augmented Language Models for Clinical Medicinecited by 32 here
  3. 2023Benchmarking Large Language Models in Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 8 here
  4. 2023Ragas: Automated Evaluation of Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 15 here
  5. 2023ARES: An Automated Evaluation Framework for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systemscited by 8 here
  6. 2024The Power of Noise: Redefining Retrieval for RAG Systemscited by 9 here
  7. 2024Improving Medical Reasoning through Retrieval and Self-Reflection with Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Modelscited by 8 here
  8. 2024From Local to Global: A Graph RAG Approach to Query-Focused Summarizationcited by 24 here
  9. 2024A Survey on RAG Meeting LLMs: Towards Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Modelscited by 16 here
  10. 2024Medical Graph RAG: Towards Safe Medical Large Language Model via Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 14 here
  11. 2024MMed-RAG: Versatile Multimodal RAG System for Medical Vision Language Modelscited by 11 here
  12. 2025MedRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-augmented Generation with Knowledge Graph-Elicited Reasoning for Healthcare Copilotcited by 11 here

The 24 most cited of 337.

Browse

30 of 307, ranked 6–35

  1. 6MedRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-augmented Generation with Knowledge Graph-Elicited Reasoning for Healthcare Copilot202511
  2. 7MMed-RAG: Versatile Multimodal RAG System for Medical Vision Language Models202411
  3. 8Improving Medical Reasoning through Retrieval and Self-Reflection with Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models20248
  4. 9BiomedRAG: A Retrieval Augmented Large Language Model for Biomedicine20246
  5. 10MKRAG: Medical Knowledge Retrieval Augmented Generation for Medical Question Answering20236
  6. 11Towards Omni-RAG: Comprehensive Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models in Medical Applications20255
  7. 12BioRAG: A RAG-LLM Framework for Biological Question Reasoning20244
  8. 13TC-RAG:Turing-Complete RAG's Case study on Medical LLM Systems20244
  9. 14Retrieval Augmented Chest X-Ray Report Generation using OpenAI GPT models20234
  10. 15Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Chemistry20253
All 30
  1. 16Development and Testing of Retrieval Augmented Generation in Large Language Models -- A Case Study Report20243
  2. 17Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models in Biomedical NLP: Application, Robustness, and Self-Awareness20243
  3. 18EMERGE: Enhancing Multimodal Electronic Health Records Predictive Modeling with Retrieval-Augmented Generation20243
  4. 19Bailicai: A Domain-Optimized Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Medical Applications20243
  5. 20RAMM: Retrieval-augmented Biomedical Visual Question Answering with Multi-modal Pre-training20233
  6. 21Clinfo.ai: An Open-Source Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model System for Answering Medical Questions using Scientific Literature20233
  7. 22Large Language Models with Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Zero-Shot Disease Phenotyping20233
  8. 23HyKGE: A Hypothesis Knowledge Graph Enhanced Framework for Accurate and Reliable Medical LLMs Responses20233
  9. 24Experience Retrieval-Augmentation with Electronic Health Records Enables Accurate Discharge QA20252
  10. 25The Multi-Round Diagnostic RAG Framework for Emulating Clinical Reasoning20252
  11. 26Talk Before You Retrieve: Agent-Led Discussions for Better RAG in Medical QA20252
  12. 27Graph-Based Retriever Captures the Long Tail of Biomedical Knowledge20242
  13. 28Retrieval augmented text-to-SQL generation for epidemiological question answering using electronic health records20242
  14. 29MedExpQA: Multilingual Benchmarking of Large Language Models for Medical Question Answering20242
  15. 30Two-Layer Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Low-Resource Medical Question Answering Using Reddit Data: Proof-of-Concept Study20242
  16. 31Comprehensive and Practical Evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems for Medical Question Answering20242
  17. 32RAMIE: Retrieval-Augmented Multi-task Information Extraction with Large Language Models on Dietary Supplements20242
  18. 33Improving accuracy of GPT-3/4 results on biomedical data using a retrieval-augmented language model20232
  19. 34Generative retrieval-augmented ontologic graph and multi-agent strategies for interpretive large language model-based materials design20232
  20. 35MedTutor: A Retrieval-Augmented LLM System for Case-Based Medical Education20261