Evaluating and Benchmarking the System One Model Jev
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Abstract (arXiv)
Jev is a commercial System One model from TypeSafe AI that does not generate text: given a state and typed questions, it returns a choice from fixed options, a position on a rubric, or the probability that a statement is true, with probabilities the vendor describes as calibrated. Such models target small decisions in information access pipelines, such as routing queries, checking grounding, moderating content, or rating against a rubric. We evaluate Jev (jev-1.13.0) zero-shot on 37 datasets spanning classification, routing, natural language inference, reading comprehension, commonsense reasoning, moderation, legal clause analysis and rubric scoring, with one frozen template per dataset and full evaluation splits: 346,009 requests for under USD 10. For reference, we score Qwen3.8-27B and Gemma-4-E4B on identical requests via their exact next-token probabilities over the options. Jev reaches 95-99% accuracy on IMDB, SST-2, HellaSwag and ARC and 86.7% on Belebele across 122 languages. It beats Qwen on 27 of 37 datasets, with none of Qwen's nine leads outside the bootstrap intervals, and Gemma on all 37. All three models degrade on low-resource languages, fine-grained or noisy labels, and rubric-based quality judgments. Jev's choice probabilities are well calibrated and support selective prediction. Binary probabilities rank well but are poorly placed relative to a fixed 0.5 threshold; thresholds tuned on training data raise micro-F1 on UNFAIR-ToS from 0.50 to 0.75. Jev answers MMLU's calculation-heavy questions more accurately than other MMLU questions (94% vs. 91%), whereas both open models, and all three on C-Eval, find them harder. Rotating the options leaves Jev's accuracy unchanged and withholding the question drops it to near chance, ruling out shallow memorization but not memorized question-answer pairs. We release the code, harness and all raw responses.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 43 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2026.
Builds on
43 of 63 references.
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 9.
9 papers.
- 2026Labels Override Definitions in Jev-Style Typed Decision Modelscited by 1
- 2026Readout Stability in Prefill-Only Decision Models:Zero-Label Prediction and Inference-Time Compute Allocationcited by 0
- 2026SanSi: A Looped Typed Decision Model for System 1.5 Thinkingcited by 0
- 2026NL2Hull: A Natural Language-Driven Constrained Ship Design Decision Frameworkcited by 0
- 2026JevForest: Path Voting for Budgeted Feature Acquisitioncited by 0
- 2026Specialized Decision Models vs. General-Purpose LLMs: Benchmarking Jev Across Knowledge, Reasoning, and Multilingual Taskscited by 0
- 2026Does System One Transfer? Calibrated Typed-Decision Models, Label Budgets, and Translation for Indonesian Regional Languagescited by 0
- 2026StartLux-Decision: AutoThink Decision Models with Reinforcement Learning for Calibrated Deliberative Decisionscited by 0
- 2026PRISM: Calibrating Black-Box Judges with Counterfactual Probescited by 0
- 2026PRISM: Calibrating Black-Box Judges with Counterfactual Probes13 Oct 2026
- 2026StartLux-Decision: AutoThink Decision Models with Reinforcement Learning for Calibrated Deliberative Decisions12 Oct 2026
- 2026Does System One Transfer? Calibrated Typed-Decision Models, Label Budgets, and Translation for Indonesian Regional Languages9 Oct 2026
- 2026Specialized Decision Models vs. General-Purpose LLMs: Benchmarking Jev Across Knowledge, Reasoning, and Multilingual Tasks8 Oct 2026
- 2026JevForest: Path Voting for Budgeted Feature Acquisition7 Oct 2026
- 2026NL2Hull: A Natural Language-Driven Constrained Ship Design Decision Framework7 Oct 2026
- 2026SanSi: A Looped Typed Decision Model for System 1.5 Thinking6 Oct 2026
- 2026Readout Stability in Prefill-Only Decision Models:Zero-Label Prediction and Inference-Time Compute Allocation6 Oct 2026
- 2026Labels Override Definitions in Jev-Style Typed Decision Models1 Oct 2026
Similar, not cited
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- 2026Chinese-Jev: Bringing System One Model to Chinese-Language Tasks
- 2026Can Jev be Your Q or Policy in Reinforcement Learning?
- 2026Same Attack, Different Judge: A First Controlled Adversarial Comparison of Jev, LLM Judges, and Purpose-Built Safety Classifiers
- 2026JEV-as-a-Judge: Accept When Confident, Escalate When Unsure
- 2026General Decision Models: Benchmarking and Insights Beyond Jev
- 2026JevAdvBench: A Benchmark and Black-Box Attacks for Reinforcement Learning for Calibrated Decisions Models
- 2026Jev-as-a-Judge for RAG Claim Verification: Confidence-Gated Cascading Between a Non-Generative Verifier and a Frontier LLM
- 2026Fast Models, Slow Evidence: A Paired and Self-Audited Evaluation of System-1 Decision Models for LLM Agent Harnesses