mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

HP-Edit: A Human-Preference Post-Training Framework for Image Editing

arXiv 2604.19406 ↗First posted 21 Apr 2026cs.CV cs.AIcited by 6

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Common image editing tasks typically adopt powerful generative diffusion models as the leading paradigm for real-world content editing. Meanwhile, although reinforcement learning (RL) methods such as Diffusion-DPO and Flow-GRPO have further improved generation quality, efficiently applying Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to diffusion-based editing remains largely unexplored, due to a lack of scalable human-preference datasets and frameworks tailored to diverse editing needs. To fill this gap, we propose HP-Edit, a post-training framework for Human Preference-aligned Editing, and introduce RealPref-50K, a real-world dataset across eight common tasks and balancing common object editing. Specifically, HP-Edit leverages a small amount of human-preference scoring data and a pretrained visual large language model (VLM) to develop HP-Scorer--an automatic, human preference-aligned evaluator. We then use HP-Scorer both to efficiently build a scalable preference dataset and to serve as the reward function for post-training the editing model. We also introduce RealPref-Bench, a benchmark for evaluating real-world editing performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach significantly enhances models such as Qwen-Image-Edit-2509, aligning their outputs more closely with human preference.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 44 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Apr 2026.

Builds on

44 of 55 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025FLUX.1 Kontext: Flow Matching for In-Context Image Generation and Editing in Latent Space17 Jun
  2. 2024BrushEdit: All-In-One Image Inpainting and Editing13 Dec
  3. 2024SeedEdit: Align Image Re-Generation to Image Editing11 Nov
  4. 2024ACE: All-round Creator and Editor Following Instructions via Diffusion Transformer30 Sep
  5. 2024OmniGen: Unified Image Generation17 Sep
  6. 2023SmartEdit: Exploring Complex Instruction-based Image Editing with Multimodal Large Language Models11 Dec
  7. 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions17 Nov

Other references · 37

  1. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  3. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  5. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
  6. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
  7. 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
  8. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
  9. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
  10. 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
  11. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  12. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
25 more
  1. 2025Qwen-Image Technical Reportcited by 1,044
  2. 2023Training Diffusion Models with Reinforcement Learningcited by 982
  3. 2025Emerging Properties in Unified Multimodal Pretrainingcited by 897
  4. 2023Diffusion Model Alignment Using Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 790
  5. 2025Flow-GRPO: Training Flow Matching Models via Online RLcited by 661
  6. 2023MagicBrush: A Manually Annotated Dataset for Instruction-Guided Image Editingcited by 624
  7. 2025Step1X-Edit: A Practical Framework for General Image Editingcited by 429
  8. 2025DanceGRPO: Unleashing GRPO on Visual Generationcited by 413
  9. 2024UltraEdit: Instruction-based Fine-Grained Image Editing at Scalecited by 268
  10. 2024AnyEdit: Mastering Unified High-Quality Image Editing for Any Ideacited by 241
  11. 2024VideoDPO: Omni-Preference Alignment for Video Diffusion Generationcited by 108
  12. 2025TempFlow-GRPO: When Timing Matters for GRPO in Flow Modelscited by 97
  13. 2025ACE++: Instruction-Based Image Creation and Editing via Context-Aware Content Fillingcited by 95
  14. 2025Pref-GRPO: Pairwise Preference Reward-based GRPO for Stable Text-to-Image Reinforcement Learningcited by 92
  15. 2024MIA-DPO: Multi-Image Augmented Direct Preference Optimization For Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 34
  16. 2025DenseDPO: Fine-Grained Temporal Preference Optimization for Video Diffusion Modelscited by 34
  17. 2025X2Edit: Revisiting Arbitrary-Instruction Image Editing through Self-Constructed Data and Task-Aware Representation Learningcited by 25
  18. 2025ACE: Anti-Editing Concept Erasure in Text-to-Image Modelscited by 17
  19. 2024MagicEraser: Erasing Any Objects via Semantics-Aware Controlcited by 16
  20. 2025Dual Prompting Image Restoration with Diffusion Transformerscited by 15
  21. 2025D-Fusion: Direct Preference Optimization for Aligning Diffusion Models with Visually Consistent Samplescited by 14
  22. 2025Principled RL for Flow Matching Emerges from the Chunk-level Policy Optimizationcited by 14
  23. 2025PocketSR: The Super-Resolution Expert in Your Pocket Mobilescited by 8
  24. 2025BalancedDPO: Adaptive Multi-Metric Alignmentcited by 6
  25. 2025VTinker: Guided Flow Upsampling and Texture Mapping for High-Resolution Video Frame Interpolationcited by 3

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.

6 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026EditHF-1M: A Million-Scale Rich Human Preference Feedback for Image Editing
  2. 2025EditReward: A Human-Aligned Reward Model for Instruction-Guided Image Editing
  3. 2023HIVE: Harnessing Human Feedback for Instructional Visual Editing
  4. 2025SPIE: Semantic and Structural Post-Training of Image Editing Diffusion Models with AI feedback
  5. 2025Uniworld-V2: Reinforce Image Editing with Diffusion Negative-aware Finetuning and MLLM Implicit Feedback
  6. 2025EditScore: Unlocking Online RL for Image Editing via High-Fidelity Reward Modeling
  7. 2026Leveraging Verifier-Based Reinforcement Learning in Image Editing
  8. 2026Can We Perform Online RL for Image Editing without Editing Rewards?