BrushEdit: All-In-One Image Inpainting and Editing
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
Image editing has advanced significantly with the development of diffusion models using both inversion-based and instruction-based methods. However, current inversion-based approaches struggle with big modifications (e.g., adding or removing objects) due to the structured nature of inversion noise, which hinders substantial changes. Meanwhile, instruction-based methods often constrain users to black-box operations, limiting direct interaction for specifying editing regions and intensity. To address these limitations, we propose BrushEdit, a novel inpainting-based instruction-guided image editing paradigm, which leverages multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and image inpainting models to enable autonomous, user-friendly, and interactive free-form instruction editing. Specifically, we devise a system enabling free-form instruction editing by integrating MLLMs and a dual-branch image inpainting model in an agent-cooperative framework to perform editing category classification, main object identification, mask acquisition, and editing area inpainting. Extensive experiments show that our framework effectively combines MLLMs and inpainting models, achieving superior performance across seven metrics including mask region preservation and editing effect coherence.
Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 82 of its 103 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Dec 2024.
Builds on
82 of 103 references.
Closest ancestors · 27
Same direction, newest first
- 2024TextCraftor: Your Text Encoder Can be Image Quality Controller27 Mar
- 2024Diffusion Model-Based Image Editing: A Survey27 Feb
- 2023SmartEdit: Exploring Complex Instruction-based Image Editing with Multimodal Large Language Models11 Dec
- 2023Inversion-Free Image Editing with Natural Language7 Dec
- 2023Kandinsky: an Improved Text-to-Image Synthesis with Image Prior and Latent Diffusion5 Oct
- 2023Effective Real Image Editing with Accelerated Iterative Diffusion Inversion10 Sep
- 2023Iterative Multi-granular Image Editing using Diffusion Models1 Sep
- 2023LEDITS: Real Image Editing with DDPM Inversion and Semantic Guidance2 Jul
- 2023DragDiffusion: Harnessing Diffusion Models for Interactive Point-based Image Editing26 Jun
- 2023Improving Tuning-Free Real Image Editing with Proximal Guidance8 Jun
- 2023Real-World Image Variation by Aligning Diffusion Inversion Chain30 May
- 2023Negative-prompt Inversion: Fast Image Inversion for Editing with Text-guided Diffusion Models26 May
15 more
- 2023Prompt Tuning Inversion for Text-Driven Image Editing Using Diffusion Models8 May
- 2023StyleDiffusion: Prompt-Embedding Inversion for Text-Based Editing28 Mar
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models10 Feb
- 2022Uncovering the Disentanglement Capability in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models16 Dec
- 2022Imagen Editor and EditBench: Advancing and Evaluating Text-Guided Image Inpainting13 Dec
- 2022SINE: SINgle Image Editing with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models8 Dec
- 2022Fine-grained Image Editing by Pixel-wise Guidance Using Diffusion Models5 Dec
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions17 Nov
- 2022Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Models17 Nov
- 2022DiffEdit: Diffusion-based semantic image editing with mask guidance20 Oct
- 2022Imagic: Text-Based Real Image Editing with Diffusion Models17 Oct
- 2022Blended Latent Diffusion6 Jun
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec
- 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Images29 Nov
- 2021DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulation6 Oct
Other references · 55
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,151
- 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,131
- 2014Deep Learning Face Attributes in the Wildcited by 3,679
38 more
- 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,534
- 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,409
- 2024Qwen2 Technical Reportcited by 2,076
- 2021SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 1,903
- 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 1,419
- 2015LSUN: Construction of a Large-scale Image Dataset using Deep Learning with Humans in the Loopcited by 1,350
- 2024How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suitescited by 1,033
- 2024Grounded SAM: Assembling Open-World Models for Diverse Visual Taskscited by 914
- 2022Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translationcited by 897
- 2023MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editingcited by 722
- 2023Zero-shot Image-to-Image Translationcited by 503
- 2023Diffusion Self-Guidance for Controllable Image Generationcited by 305
- 2023Emu: Enhancing Image Generation Models Using Photogenic Needles in a Haystackcited by 278
- 2022SmartBrush: Text and Shape Guided Object Inpainting with Diffusion Modelcited by 276
- 2021GODIVA: Generating Open-DomaIn Videos from nAtural Descriptionscited by 254
- 2023Inpaint Anything: Segment Anything Meets Image Inpaintingcited by 233
- 2021Large Scale Image Completion via Co-Modulated Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 219
- 2023Drag Your GAN: Interactive Point-based Manipulation on the Generative Image Manifoldcited by 218
- 2024BrushNet: A Plug-and-Play Image Inpainting Model with Decomposed Dual-Branch Diffusioncited by 200
- 2023Guiding Instruction-based Image Editing via Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 182
- 2023A Task is Worth One Word: Learning with Task Prompts for High-Quality Versatile Image Inpaintingcited by 168
- 2019Pluralistic Image Completioncited by 162
- 2023InstructDiffusion: A Generalist Modeling Interface for Vision Taskscited by 162
- 2024GenArtist: Multimodal LLM as an Agent for Unified Image Generation and Editingcited by 132
- 2021Generating Diverse Structure for Image Inpainting With Hierarchical VQ-VAEcited by 106
- 2023HumanSD: A Native Skeleton-Guided Diffusion Model for Human Image Generationcited by 104
- 2018IntroVAE: Introspective Variational Autoencoders for Photographic Image Synthesiscited by 85
- 2021PD-GAN: Probabilistic Diverse GAN for Image Inpaintingcited by 80
- 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusioncited by 68
- 2022Unifying Diffusion Models' Latent Space, with Applications to CycleDiffusion and Guidancecited by 67
- 2023HD-Painter: High-Resolution and Prompt-Faithful Text-Guided Image Inpainting with Diffusion Modelscited by 67
- 2023Towards Coherent Image Inpainting Using Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 61
- 2023Uni-paint: A Unified Framework for Multimodal Image Inpainting with Pretrained Diffusion Modelcited by 60
- 2023ImageBrush: Learning Visual In-Context Instructions for Exemplar-Based Image Manipulationcited by 59
- 2022CM-GAN: Image Inpainting with Cascaded Modulation GAN and Object-Aware Trainingcited by 49
- 2024Deep Learning-based Image and Video Inpainting: A Surveycited by 44
- 2023General Image-to-Image Translation with One-Shot Image Guidancecited by 31
- 2023DreamInpainter: Text-Guided Subject-Driven Image Inpainting with Diffusion Modelscited by 30
50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 23; 2026: 8.
31 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2025Step1X-Edit: A Practical Framework for General Image Editingcited by 417
- 2025VideoPainter: Any-length Video Inpainting and Editing with Plug-and-Play Context Controlcited by 83
- 2025KV-Edit: Training-Free Image Editing for Precise Background Preservationcited by 47
- 2025OmniPaint: Mastering Object-Oriented Editing via Disentangled Insertion-Removal Inpaintingcited by 38
- 2025FireEdit: Fine-grained Instruction-based Image Editing via Region-aware Vision Language Modelcited by 31
- 2025Does FLUX Already Know How to Perform Physically Plausible Image Composition?cited by 30
- 2025ReasonEdit: Towards Reasoning-Enhanced Image Editing Modelscited by 24
- 2025Query-Kontext: An Unified Multimodal Model for Image Generation and Editingcited by 15
- 2026GEditBench v2: A Human-Aligned Benchmark for General Image Editingcited by 11
- 2025UnicEdit-10M: A Dataset and Benchmark Breaking the Scale-Quality Barrier via Unified Verification for Reasoning-Enriched Editscited by 9
- 2025Reasoning to Edit: Hypothetical Instruction-Based Image Editing with Visual Reasoningcited by 8
- 2026From Scale to Speed: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Image Editingcited by 7
19 more
- 2025Describe, Don't Dictate: Semantic Image Editing with Natural Language Intentcited by 6
- 2025EditInfinity: Image Editing with Binary-Quantized Generative Modelscited by 6
- 2025RegionE: Adaptive Region-Aware Generation for Efficient Image Editingcited by 6
- 2025Trans-Adapter: A Plug-and-Play Framework for Transparent Image Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2025One Stone with Two Birds: A Null-Text-Null Frequency-Aware Diffusion Models for Text-Guided Image Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2025ProEdit: Inversion-based Editing From Prompts Done Rightcited by 5
- 2025MIND-Edit: MLLM Insight-Driven Editing via Language-Vision Projectioncited by 4
- 2025Towards Reliable Identification of Diffusion-based Image Manipulationscited by 4
- 2026HP-Edit: A Human-Preference Post-Training Framework for Image Editingcited by 4
- 2025LORE: Latent Optimization for Precise Semantic Control in Rectified Flow-based Image Editingcited by 3
- 2025BlobCtrl: Taming Controllable Blob for Element-level Image Editingcited by 2
- 2025CannyEdit: Selective Canny Control and Dual-Prompt Guidance for Training-Free Image Editingcited by 2
- 2025CogniEdit: Dense Gradient Flow Optimization for Fine-Grained Image Editingcited by 2
- 2025Understanding the Implicit User Intention via Reasoning with Large Language Model for Image Editingcited by 0
- 2026InterCoG: Towards Spatially Precise Image Editing with Interleaved Chain-of-Grounding Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026ProductConsistency: Improving Product Identity Preservation in Instruction-Based Image Editing via SFT and RLcited by 0
- 2026UniGen-AR: Unifying Visual Generation with Auto-Regressive Modelingcited by 0
- 2026Instruction-based Image Editing: A Survey on Data, Models, Evaluation, and Applicationscited by 0
- 2026MaskFlow: Precise, Consistent and Seamless Regional Image Editingcited by 0
- 2026MaskFlow: Precise, Consistent and Seamless Regional Image Editing7 Aug 2026
- 2026Instruction-based Image Editing: A Survey on Data, Models, Evaluation, and Applications28 Jul 2026
- 2026UniGen-AR: Unifying Visual Generation with Auto-Regressive Modeling27 Jul 2026
- 2026ProductConsistency: Improving Product Identity Preservation in Instruction-Based Image Editing via SFT and RL17 Jun 2026
- 2026HP-Edit: A Human-Preference Post-Training Framework for Image Editing21 Apr 2026
- 2026GEditBench v2: A Human-Aligned Benchmark for General Image Editing30 Mar 2026
- 2026InterCoG: Towards Spatially Precise Image Editing with Interleaved Chain-of-Grounding Reasoning2 Mar 2026
- 2026From Scale to Speed: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Image Editing24 Feb 2026
- 2025ProEdit: Inversion-based Editing From Prompts Done Right26 Dec 2025
- 2025CogniEdit: Dense Gradient Flow Optimization for Fine-Grained Image Editing15 Dec 2025
- 2025UnicEdit-10M: A Dataset and Benchmark Breaking the Scale-Quality Barrier via Unified Verification for Reasoning-Enriched Edits1 Dec 2025
- 2025ReasonEdit: Towards Reasoning-Enhanced Image Editing Models27 Nov 2025
19 more
- 2025Understanding the Implicit User Intention via Reasoning with Large Language Model for Image Editing31 Oct 2025
- 2025RegionE: Adaptive Region-Aware Generation for Efficient Image Editing29 Oct 2025
- 2025EditInfinity: Image Editing with Binary-Quantized Generative Models23 Oct 2025
- 2025One Stone with Two Birds: A Null-Text-Null Frequency-Aware Diffusion Models for Text-Guided Image Inpainting9 Oct 2025
- 2025Query-Kontext: An Unified Multimodal Model for Image Generation and Editing30 Sep 2025
- 2025Does FLUX Already Know How to Perform Physically Plausible Image Composition?25 Sep 2025
- 2025Describe, Don't Dictate: Semantic Image Editing with Natural Language Intent28 Aug 2025
- 2025CannyEdit: Selective Canny Control and Dual-Prompt Guidance for Training-Free Image Editing9 Aug 2025
- 2025LORE: Latent Optimization for Precise Semantic Control in Rectified Flow-based Image Editing5 Aug 2025
- 2025Trans-Adapter: A Plug-and-Play Framework for Transparent Image Inpainting1 Aug 2025
- 2025Reasoning to Edit: Hypothetical Instruction-Based Image Editing with Visual Reasoning2 Jul 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Identification of Diffusion-based Image Manipulations5 Jun 2025
- 2025MIND-Edit: MLLM Insight-Driven Editing via Language-Vision Projection25 May 2025
- 2025Step1X-Edit: A Practical Framework for General Image Editing24 Apr 2025
- 2025FireEdit: Fine-grained Instruction-based Image Editing via Region-aware Vision Language Model25 Mar 2025
- 2025BlobCtrl: Taming Controllable Blob for Element-level Image Editing17 Mar 2025
- 2025OmniPaint: Mastering Object-Oriented Editing via Disentangled Insertion-Removal Inpainting11 Mar 2025
- 2025VideoPainter: Any-length Video Inpainting and Editing with Plug-and-Play Context Control7 Mar 2025
- 2025KV-Edit: Training-Free Image Editing for Precise Background Preservation24 Feb 2025
- 2025OmniPaint: Mastering Object-Oriented Editing via Disentangled Insertion-Removal Inpaintingcited by 38
- 2025EditInfinity: Image Editing with Binary-Quantized Generative Modelscited by 6
- 2025One Stone with Two Birds: A Null-Text-Null Frequency-Aware Diffusion Models for Text-Guided Image Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2025Towards Reliable Identification of Diffusion-based Image Manipulationscited by 4
- 2026HP-Edit: A Human-Preference Post-Training Framework for Image Editingcited by 4
- 2025LORE: Latent Optimization for Precise Semantic Control in Rectified Flow-based Image Editingcited by 3
- 2025CogniEdit: Dense Gradient Flow Optimization for Fine-Grained Image Editingcited by 2
- 2026HP-Edit: A Human-Preference Post-Training Framework for Image Editing21 Apr 2026
- 2025CogniEdit: Dense Gradient Flow Optimization for Fine-Grained Image Editing15 Dec 2025
- 2025EditInfinity: Image Editing with Binary-Quantized Generative Models23 Oct 2025
- 2025One Stone with Two Birds: A Null-Text-Null Frequency-Aware Diffusion Models for Text-Guided Image Inpainting9 Oct 2025
- 2025LORE: Latent Optimization for Precise Semantic Control in Rectified Flow-based Image Editing5 Aug 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Identification of Diffusion-based Image Manipulations5 Jun 2025
- 2025OmniPaint: Mastering Object-Oriented Editing via Disentangled Insertion-Removal Inpainting11 Mar 2025
- 2025ReasonEdit: Towards Reasoning-Enhanced Image Editing Modelscited by 24
- 2025Reasoning to Edit: Hypothetical Instruction-Based Image Editing with Visual Reasoningcited by 8
- 2026From Scale to Speed: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Image Editingcited by 7
- 2025Understanding the Implicit User Intention via Reasoning with Large Language Model for Image Editingcited by 0
- 2026From Scale to Speed: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Image Editing24 Feb 2026
- 2025ReasonEdit: Towards Reasoning-Enhanced Image Editing Models27 Nov 2025
- 2025Understanding the Implicit User Intention via Reasoning with Large Language Model for Image Editing31 Oct 2025
- 2025Reasoning to Edit: Hypothetical Instruction-Based Image Editing with Visual Reasoning2 Jul 2025
- 2025Step1X-Edit: A Practical Framework for General Image Editingcited by 417
- 2025VideoPainter: Any-length Video Inpainting and Editing with Plug-and-Play Context Controlcited by 83
- 2025Does FLUX Already Know How to Perform Physically Plausible Image Composition?cited by 30
- 2025UnicEdit-10M: A Dataset and Benchmark Breaking the Scale-Quality Barrier via Unified Verification for Reasoning-Enriched Editscited by 9
- 2025Describe, Don't Dictate: Semantic Image Editing with Natural Language Intentcited by 6
- 2025RegionE: Adaptive Region-Aware Generation for Efficient Image Editingcited by 6
- 2025Trans-Adapter: A Plug-and-Play Framework for Transparent Image Inpaintingcited by 5
- 2025ProEdit: Inversion-based Editing From Prompts Done Rightcited by 5
- 2025MIND-Edit: MLLM Insight-Driven Editing via Language-Vision Projectioncited by 4
- 2025BlobCtrl: Taming Controllable Blob for Element-level Image Editingcited by 2
- 2025CannyEdit: Selective Canny Control and Dual-Prompt Guidance for Training-Free Image Editingcited by 2
- 2026InterCoG: Towards Spatially Precise Image Editing with Interleaved Chain-of-Grounding Reasoningcited by 0
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026MaskFlow: Precise, Consistent and Seamless Regional Image Editing7 Aug 2026
- 2026Instruction-based Image Editing: A Survey on Data, Models, Evaluation, and Applications28 Jul 2026
- 2026UniGen-AR: Unifying Visual Generation with Auto-Regressive Modeling27 Jul 2026
- 2026ProductConsistency: Improving Product Identity Preservation in Instruction-Based Image Editing via SFT and RL17 Jun 2026
- 2026InterCoG: Towards Spatially Precise Image Editing with Interleaved Chain-of-Grounding Reasoning2 Mar 2026
- 2025ProEdit: Inversion-based Editing From Prompts Done Right26 Dec 2025
- 2025UnicEdit-10M: A Dataset and Benchmark Breaking the Scale-Quality Barrier via Unified Verification for Reasoning-Enriched Edits1 Dec 2025
- 2025RegionE: Adaptive Region-Aware Generation for Efficient Image Editing29 Oct 2025
- 2025Does FLUX Already Know How to Perform Physically Plausible Image Composition?25 Sep 2025
- 2025Describe, Don't Dictate: Semantic Image Editing with Natural Language Intent28 Aug 2025
- 2025CannyEdit: Selective Canny Control and Dual-Prompt Guidance for Training-Free Image Editing9 Aug 2025
- 2025Trans-Adapter: A Plug-and-Play Framework for Transparent Image Inpainting1 Aug 2025
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Image Inpainting Models are Effective Tools for Instruction-guided Image Editing
- 2024Paint by Inpaint: Learning to Add Image Objects by Removing Them First
- 2025FreeInpaint: Tuning-free Prompt Alignment and Visual Rationality Enhancement in Image Inpainting
- 2025In-Context Edit: Enabling Instructional Image Editing with In-Context Generation in Large Scale Diffusion Transformer
- 2024AnyEdit: Mastering Unified High-Quality Image Editing for Any Idea
- 2026MCIE: Multimodal LLM-Driven Complex Instruction Image Editing with Spatial Guidance
- 2025Disentangling Instruction Influence in Diffusion Transformers for Parallel Multi-Instruction-Guided Image Editing
- 2024InsightEdit: Towards Better Instruction Following for Image Editing