mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Real-World AI Evaluation: How FRAME Generates Systematic Evidence to Resolve the Decision-Maker's Dilemma

arXiv 2603.13294 ↗First posted 28 Feb 2026cs.CY cs.AIcited by 0

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Organizational leaders are being asked to make high-stakes decisions about AI deployment without dependable evidence of what these systems actually do in the environments they oversee. The predominant AI evaluation ecosystem yields scalable but abstract metrics that reflect the priorities of model development. By smoothing over the heterogeneity of real-world use, these model-centric approaches obscure how behavior varies across users, workflows, and settings, and rarely show where risk and value accumulate in practice. More user-centric studies reveal rich contextual detail, yet are fragmented, small-scale and loosely coupled to the mechanisms that shape model behavior. The Forum for Real-World AI Measurement and Evaluation (FRAME) aims to address this gap by combining large-scale trials of AI systems with structured observation of how they are used in context, the outcomes they generate, and how those outcomes arise. By tracing the path from an AI system's output through its practical use and downstream effects, FRAME turns the heterogeneity of AI-in-use into a measurable signal rather than a trade-off for achieving scale. The Forum establishes two core assets to achieve this: a Testing Sandbox that captures AI-in-use under real workflows at scale and a Metrics Hub that translates those traces into actionable indicators.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 135 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Feb 2026.

Builds on

44 of 135 references.

References · 44

  1. 2023Open Problems and Fundamental Limitations of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedbackcited by 743
  2. 2020Underspecification Presents Challenges for Credibility in Modern Machine Learningcited by 488
  3. 2025Humanity's Last Examcited by 467
  4. 2023Sociotechnical Safety Evaluation of Generative AI Systemscited by 154
  5. 2020Proxy Tasks and Subjective Measures Can Be Misleading in Evaluating Explainable AI Systemscited by 138
  6. 2022The 'Problem' of Human Label Variation: On Ground Truth in Data, Modeling and Evaluationcited by 133
  7. 2023AI Transparency in the Age of LLMs: A Human-Centered Research Roadmapcited by 119
  8. 2024BetterBench: Assessing AI Benchmarks, Uncovering Issues, and Establishing Best Practicescited by 112
  9. 2025Measuring what Matters: Construct Validity in Large Language Model Benchmarkscited by 102
  10. 2024Social Choice Should Guide AI Alignment in Dealing with Diverse Human Feedbackcited by 95
  11. 2024Non-Determinism of "Deterministic" LLM Settingscited by 84
  12. 2023Evaluating Language Models for Mathematics through Interactionscited by 69
32 more
  1. 2024Clio: Privacy-Preserving Insights into Real-World AI Usecited by 66
  2. 2025Position: Evaluating Generative AI Systems Is a Social Science Measurement Challengecited by 61
  3. 2025Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025cited by 58
  4. 2025Can We Trust AI Benchmarks? An Interdisciplinary Review of Current Issues in AI Evaluationcited by 57
  5. 2023Rethinking Model Evaluation as Narrowing the Socio-Technical Gapcited by 56
  6. 2025Measurement to Meaning: A Validity-Centered Framework for AI Evaluationcited by 54
  7. 2025Toward an Evaluation Science for Generative AI Systemscited by 42
  8. 2020The Problem with Metrics is a Fundamental Problem for AIcited by 37
  9. 2023Position: AI Evaluation Should Learn from How We Test Humanscited by 36
  10. 2022Understanding Practices, Challenges, and Opportunities for User-Engaged Algorithm Auditing in Industry Practicecited by 30
  11. 2022On the Impossible Safety of Large AI Modelscited by 27
  12. 2024Towards interactive evaluations for interaction harms in human-AI systemscited by 27
  13. 2021Hard Choices in Artificial Intelligencecited by 26
  14. 2020Overcoming Failures of Imagination in AI Infused System Development and Deploymentcited by 22
  15. 2023The impact of generative artificial intelligence on socioeconomic inequalities and policy makingcited by 20
  16. 2025Reality Check: A New Evaluation Ecosystem Is Necessary to Understand AI's Real World Effectscited by 18
  17. 2024A Shared Standard for Valid Measurement of Generative AI Systems' Capabilities, Risks, and Impactscited by 13
  18. 2025The Measurement Imbalance in Agentic AI Evaluation Undermines Industry Productivity Claimscited by 13
  19. 2021Ground-Truth, Whose Truth? -- Examining the Challenges with Annotating Toxic Text Datasetscited by 11
  20. 2025Building Safe GenAI Applications: An End-to-End Overview of Red Teaming for Large Language Modelscited by 11
  21. 2025Prompt Stability Matters: Evaluating and Optimizing Auto-Generated Prompt in General-Purpose Systemscited by 10
  22. 2023From human-centered to social-centered artificial intelligence: Assessing ChatGPT's impact through disruptive eventscited by 8
  23. 2024A Scoping Study of Evaluation Practices for Responsible AI Tools: Steps Towards Effectiveness Evaluationscited by 6
  24. 2023Learning to Complement with Multiple Humanscited by 5
  25. 2025Beyond the Personal Assistant: How Expectations for Enterprise AI in Teamwork Diverged as Generative AI Took Shape, 2023-2025cited by 5
  26. 2025AccessEval: Benchmarking Disability Bias in Large Language Modelscited by 5
  27. 2025MindBenchAI: An Actionable Platform to Evaluate the Profile and Performance of Large Language Models in a Mental Healthcare Contextcited by 5
  28. 2025Validity in Design Sciencecited by 4
  29. 2024Emerging Reliance Behaviors in Human-AI Content Grounded Data Generation: The Role of Cognitive Forcing Functions and Hallucinationscited by 3
  30. 2025Attention to Non-Adopterscited by 3
  31. 2025HugAgent: A Human Simulation Benchmark for Individual-Level Reasoningcited by 2
  32. 2025Critical Challenges in Content Moderation for People Who Use Drugs (PWUD): Insights into Online Harm Reduction Practices from Moderatorscited by 1

Built on by

Not cited yet.