mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Beyond IVR: Benchmarking Customer Support LLM Agents for Business-Adherence

arXiv 2601.00596 ↗First posted 2 Jan 2026cs.CLcited by 11

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks

Abstract (arXiv)

Traditional customer support systems, such as Interactive Voice Response (IVR), rely on rigid scripts and lack the flexibility required for handling complex, policy-driven tasks. While large language model (LLM) agents offer a promising alternative, evaluating their ability to act in accordance with business rules and real-world support workflows remains an open challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on tool usage or task completion, overlooking an agent's capacity to adhere to multi-step policies, navigate task dependencies, and remain robust to unpredictable user or environment behavior. In this work, we introduce JourneyBench, a benchmark designed to assess policy-aware agents in customer support. JourneyBench leverages graph representations to generate diverse, realistic support scenarios and proposes the User Journey Coverage Score, a novel metric to measure policy adherence. We evaluate multiple state-of-the-art LLMs using two agent designs: a Static-Prompt Agent (SPA) and a Dynamic-Prompt Agent (DPA) that explicitly models policy control. Across 703 conversations in three domains, we show that DPA significantly boosts policy adherence, even allowing smaller models like GPT-4o-mini to outperform more capable ones like GPT-4o. Our findings demonstrate the importance of structured orchestration and establish JourneyBench as a critical resource to advance AI-driven customer support beyond IVR-era limitations.

Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 6 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Jan 2026.

Builds on

6 of 60 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024τ-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domains17 Jun

Other references · 5

  1. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  2. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  3. 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,072
  4. 2024AppWorld: A Controllable World of Apps and People for Benchmarking Interactive Coding Agentscited by 359
  5. 2024GPT-4o: Visual perception performance of multimodal large language models in piglet activity understandingcited by 12

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 11.

11 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026PolicyGuard: A Dialogue-Grounded Sub-Agent Verifier for Policy Adherence in LLM Agents
  2. 2025Agent-in-the-Loop: A Data Flywheel for Continuous Improvement in LLM-based Customer Support
  3. 2026SAGE: A Service Agent Graph-guided Evaluation Benchmark
  4. 2025ECom-Bench: Can LLM Agent Resolve Real-World E-commerce Customer Support Issues?
  5. 2025MemOrb: A Plug-and-Play Verbal-Reinforcement Memory Layer for E-Commerce Customer Service
  6. 2026xDailyBench: Benchmarking LLMs on Professional Consultation for Real-Life Problems
  7. 2026CirrusBench: Evaluating LLM-based Agents Beyond Correctness in Real-World Cloud Service Environments
  8. 2025Language Model Agents Under Attack: A Cross Model-Benchmark of Profit-Seeking Behaviors in Customer Service