SCUBA: Salesforce Computer Use Benchmark
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → GUI and mobile agents
Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce SCUBA, a benchmark designed to evaluate computer-use agents on customer relationship management (CRM) workflows within the Salesforce platform. SCUBA contains 300 task instances derived from real user interviews, spanning three primary personas, platform administrators, sales representatives, and service agents. The tasks test a range of enterprise-critical abilities, including Enterprise Software UI navigation, data manipulation, workflow automation, information retrieval, and troubleshooting. To ensure realism, SCUBA operates in Salesforce sandbox environments with support for parallel execution and fine-grained evaluation metrics to capture milestone progress. We benchmark a diverse set of agents under both zero-shot and demonstration-augmented settings. We observed huge performance gaps in different agent design paradigms and gaps between the open-source model and the closed-source model. In the zero-shot setting, open-source model powered computer-use agents that have strong performance on related benchmarks like OSWorld only have less than 5% success rate on SCUBA, while methods built on closed-source models can still have up to 39% task success rate. In the demonstration-augmented settings, task success rates can be improved to 50% while simultaneously reducing time and costs by 13% and 16%, respectively. These findings highlight both the challenges of enterprise tasks automation and the promise of agentic solutions. By offering a realistic benchmark with interpretable evaluation, SCUBA aims to accelerate progress in building reliable computer-use agents for complex business software ecosystems.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in GUI and mobile agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 31 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Sep 2025.
Builds on
31 of 36 references.
Closest ancestors · 13
Same direction, newest first
- 2025UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning2 Sep
- 2025ComputerRL: Scaling End-to-End Online Reinforcement Learning for Computer Use Agents19 Aug
- 2025OpenCUA: Open Foundations for Computer-Use Agents12 Aug
- 2025MMBench-GUI: Hierarchical Multi-Platform Evaluation Framework for GUI Agents25 Jul
- 2025macOSWorld: A Multilingual Interactive Benchmark for GUI Agents4 Jun
- 2025Scaling Computer-Use Grounding via User Interface Decomposition and Synthesis19 May
- 2025Agent S2: A Compositional Generalist-Specialist Framework for Computer Use Agents1 Apr
- 2025API Agents vs. GUI Agents: Divergence and Convergence14 Mar
- 2025UI-TARS: Pioneering Automated GUI Interaction with Native Agents21 Jan
- 2024Large Language Model-Brained GUI Agents: A Survey27 Nov
- 2024Agent S: An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human10 Oct
- 2024Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale12 Sep
1 more
Other references · 18
- 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,944
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
- 2019HuggingFace's Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processingcited by 2,218
- 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 2,006
- 2017Ray: A Distributed Framework for Emerging AI Applicationscited by 527
- 2025The Lessons of Developing Process Reward Models in Mathematical Reasoningcited by 415
- 2024WorkArena: How Capable Are Web Agents at Solving Common Knowledge Work Tasks?cited by 363
- 2023Set-of-Mark Prompting Unleashes Extraordinary Visual Grounding in GPT-4Vcited by 299
- 2024CodeAgent: Enhancing Code Generation with Tool-Integrated Agent Systems for Real-World Repo-level Coding Challengescited by 282
- 2024Aguvis: Unified Pure Vision Agents for Autonomous GUI Interactioncited by 278
- 2025GTA1: GUI Test-time Scaling Agentcited by 106
6 more
- 2024WorkArena++: Towards Compositional Planning and Reasoning-based Common Knowledge Work Taskscited by 90
- 2024CRMArena: Understanding the Capacity of LLM Agents to Perform Professional CRM Tasks in Realistic Environmentscited by 71
- 2025CRMArena-Pro: Holistic Assessment of LLM Agents Across Diverse Business Scenarios and Interactionscited by 47
- 2025REAL: Benchmarking Autonomous Agents on Deterministic Simulations of Real Websitescited by 45
- 2025CoAct-1: Computer-using Multi-Agent System with Coding Actionscited by 35
- 2025A Functionality-Grounded Benchmark for Evaluating Web Agents in E-commerce Domainscited by 7
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 6.
7 papers.
- 2026World of Workflows: A Benchmark for Bringing World Models to Enterprise Systemscited by 11
- 2026OpenComputer: Verifiable Software Worlds for Computer-Use Agentscited by 10
- 2026Step-level Optimization for Efficient Computer-use Agentscited by 7
- 2026Terminal Agents Suffice for Enterprise Automationcited by 6
- 2026Workflow-GYM: Towards Long-Horizon Evaluation of Computer-use Agentic tasks in Real-World Professional Fieldscited by 5
- 2025UI-CUBE: Enterprise-Grade Computer Use Agent Benchmarking Beyond Task Accuracy to Operational Reliabilitycited by 3
- 2026ERPBench: A State-Grounded Evaluation Paradigm for Computer-Use Agents in Enterprise Softwarecited by 1
- 2026ERPBench: A State-Grounded Evaluation Paradigm for Computer-Use Agents in Enterprise Software15 Sep 2026
- 2026Workflow-GYM: Towards Long-Horizon Evaluation of Computer-use Agentic tasks in Real-World Professional Fields9 Jun 2026
- 2026OpenComputer: Verifiable Software Worlds for Computer-Use Agents19 May 2026
- 2026Step-level Optimization for Efficient Computer-use Agents29 Apr 2026
- 2026Terminal Agents Suffice for Enterprise Automation31 Mar 2026
- 2026World of Workflows: A Benchmark for Bringing World Models to Enterprise Systems29 Jan 2026
- 2025UI-CUBE: Enterprise-Grade Computer Use Agent Benchmarking Beyond Task Accuracy to Operational Reliability21 Nov 2025
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