mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Agent4FaceForgery: Multi-Agent LLM Framework for Realistic Face Forgery Detection

arXiv 2509.12546 ↗First posted 16 Sep 2025cs.CVcited by 5

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Multimodal and embodied agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Face forgery detection faces a critical challenge: a persistent gap between offline benchmarks and real-world efficacy,which we attribute to the ecological invalidity of training data.This work introduces Agent4FaceForgery to address two fundamental problems: (1) how to capture the diverse intents and iterative processes of human forgery creation, and (2) how to model the complex, often adversarial, text-image interactions that accompany forgeries in social media. To solve this,we propose a multi-agent framework where LLM-poweredagents, equipped with profile and memory modules, simulate the forgery creation process. Crucially, these agents interact in a simulated social environment to generate samples labeled for nuanced text-image consistency, moving beyond simple binary classification. An Adaptive Rejection Sampling (ARS) mechanism ensures data quality and diversity. Extensive experiments validate that the data generated by our simulationdriven approach brings significant performance gains to detectors of multiple architectures, fully demonstrating the effectiveness and value of our framework.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal and embodied agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 28 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Sep 2025.

Builds on

28 of 44 references.

References · 28

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  3. 2019EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 6,442
  4. 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,568
  5. 2016Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutionscited by 2,332
  6. 2023MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Frameworkcited by 1,808
  7. 2019FaceForensics++: Learning to Detect Manipulated Facial Imagescited by 1,101
  8. 2019Celeb-DF: A Large-scale Challenging Dataset for DeepFake Forensicscited by 575
  9. 2020Thinking in Frequency: Face Forgery Detection by Mining Frequency-aware Cluescited by 523
  10. 2022Detecting Deepfakes with Self-Blended Imagescited by 338
  11. 2018Exposing Deep Fakes Using Inconsistent Head Posescited by 297
  12. 2021Generalizing Face Forgery Detection with High-frequency Featurescited by 262
16 more
  1. 2021Spatial-Phase Shallow Learning: Rethinking Face Forgery Detection in Frequency Domaincited by 244
  2. 2019The Deepfake Detection Challenge (DFDC) Preview Datasetcited by 209
  3. 2021WildDeepfake: A Challenging Real-World Dataset for Deepfake Detectioncited by 209
  4. 2020Learning Self-Consistency for Deepfake Detectioncited by 179
  5. 2023DeepfakeBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Deepfake Detectioncited by 166
  6. 2019Multi-task Learning For Detecting and Segmenting Manipulated Facial Images and Videoscited by 130
  7. 2023Transcending Forgery Specificity with Latent Space Augmentation for Generalizable Deepfake Detectioncited by 127
  8. 2024SIDA: Social Media Image Deepfake Detection, Localization and Explanation with Large Multimodal Modelcited by 108
  9. 2021Local Relation Learning for Face Forgery Detectioncited by 100
  10. 2019Towards Universal Object Detection by Domain Attentioncited by 89
  11. 2024FFAA: Multimodal Large Language Model based Explainable Open-World Face Forgery Analysis Assistantcited by 61
  12. 2022Deepfake Detection: A Comprehensive Survey from the Reliability Perspectivecited by 50
  13. 2024Can We Leave Deepfake Data Behind in Training Deepfake Detector?cited by 49
  14. 2024CLIPping the Deception: Adapting Vision-Language Models for Universal Deepfake Detectioncited by 47
  15. 2024ALI-Agent: Assessing LLMs' Alignment with Human Values via Agent-based Evaluationcited by 47
  16. 2024Fake It till You Make It: Curricular Dynamic Forgery Augmentations towards General Deepfake Detectioncited by 31

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025DevFD: Developmental Face Forgery Detection by Learning Shared and Orthogonal LoRA Subspaces
  2. 2025Identity-Aware Vision-Language Model for Explainable Face Forgery Detection
  3. 2026Multi-Agent Forensic Reasoning for Generalizable Deepfake Video Detection
  4. 2025Towards General Visual-Linguistic Face Forgery Detection(V2)
  5. 2024A Hitchhikers Guide to Fine-Grained Face Forgery Detection Using Common Sense Reasoning
  6. 2026IMFD: End-to-end Multi-Face Forgery Detection through Instruction-based Large Vision-Language Models
  7. 2026ForensicZoom: Adaptive Visual Inspection with Multimodal LLMs for Industrial-Grade Face Forgery Detection
  8. 2025Rethinking Vision-Language Model in Face Forensics: Multi-Modal Interpretable Forged Face Detector