mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Understanding, Protecting, and Augmenting Human Cognition with Generative AI: A Synthesis of the CHI 2025 Tools for Thought Workshop

arXiv 2508.21036 ↗First posted 28 Aug 2025cs.HC cs.AIcited by 7

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generative AI (GenAI) radically expands the scope and capability of automation for work, education, and everyday tasks, a transformation posing both risks and opportunities for human cognition. How will human cognition change, and what opportunities are there for GenAI to augment it? Which theories, metrics, and other tools are needed to address these questions? The CHI 2025 workshop on Tools for Thought aimed to bridge an emerging science of how the use of GenAI affects human thought, from metacognition to critical thinking, memory, and creativity, with an emerging design practice for building GenAI tools that both protect and augment human thought. Fifty-six researchers, designers, and thinkers from across disciplines as well as industry and academia, along with 34 papers and portfolios, seeded a day of discussion, ideation, and community-building. We synthesize this material here to begin mapping the space of research and design opportunities and to catalyze a multidisciplinary community around this pressing area of research.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 135 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Aug 2025.

Builds on

44 of 135 references.

References · 44

  1. 2024Homogenization Effects of Large Language Models on Human Creative Ideationcited by 127
  2. 2025Measuring the Impact of Early-2025 AI on Experienced Open-Source Developer Productivitycited by 101
  3. 2023The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AIcited by 87
  4. 2023Understanding the Role of Human Intuition on Reliance in Human-AI Decision-Making with Explanationscited by 73
  5. 2024Beware of Metacognitive Laziness: Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Learning Motivation, Processes, and Performancecited by 58
  6. 2023"What It Wants Me To Say": Bridging the Abstraction Gap Between End-User Programmers and Code-Generating Large Language Modelscited by 48
  7. 2024Human Creativity in the Age of LLMs: Randomized Experiments on Divergent and Convergent Thinkingcited by 43
  8. 2024Need Help? Designing Proactive AI Assistants for Programmingcited by 43
  9. 2024Proactive Conversational Agents with Inner Thoughtscited by 36
  10. 2024Improving Steering and Verification in AI-Assisted Data Analysis with Interactive Task Decompositioncited by 29
  11. 2025Generative and Malleable User Interfaces with Generative and Evolving Task-Driven Data Modelcited by 26
  12. 2024Evaluating Generative AI Systems is a Social Science Measurement Challengecited by 23
32 more
  1. 2024Ironies of Generative AI: Understanding and mitigating productivity loss in human-AI interactionscited by 20
  2. 2023Exploring Challenges and Opportunities to Support Designers in Learning to Co-create with AI-based Manufacturing Design Toolscited by 17
  3. 2025Which Contributions Deserve Credit? Perceptions of Attribution in Human-AI Co-Creationcited by 14
  4. 2025Inkspire: Supporting Design Exploration with Generative AI through Analogical Sketchingcited by 13
  5. 2023Exploring Perspectives on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Creativity of Knowledge Work: Beyond Mechanised Plagiarism and Stochastic Parrotscited by 11
  6. 2020How Work From Home Affects Collaboration: A Large-Scale Study of Information Workers in a Natural Experiment During COVID-19cited by 9
  7. 2025Timing Matters: How Using LLMs at Different Timings Influences Writers' Perceptions and Ideation Outcomes in AI-Assisted Ideationcited by 8
  8. 2025Do Expressions Change Decisions? Exploring the Impact of AI's Explanation Tone on Decision-Makingcited by 8
  9. 2024Social-RAG: Retrieving from Group Interactions to Socially Ground AI Generationcited by 7
  10. 2024"It's like a rubber duck that talks back": Understanding Generative AI-Assisted Data Analysis Workflows through a Participatory Prompting Studycited by 6
  11. 2025Feedforward in Generative AI: Opportunities for a Design Spacecited by 5
  12. 2025Beyond Tools: Understanding How Heavy Users Integrate LLMs into Everyday Tasks and Decision-Makingcited by 5
  13. 2025CorpusStudio: Surfacing Emergent Patterns in a Corpus of Prior Work while Writingcited by 5
  14. 2023Will Code Remain a Relevant User Interface for End-User Programming with Generative AI Models?cited by 3
  15. 2024Dynamic Prompt Middleware: Contextual Prompt Refinement Controls for Comprehension Taskscited by 3
  16. 2025Augmenting Expert Cognition in the Age of Generative AI: Insights from Document-Centric Knowledge Workcited by 3
  17. 2025From Consumption to Collaboration: Measuring Interaction Patterns to Augment Human Cognition in Open-Ended Taskscited by 3
  18. 2025Exploring Collaborative GenAI Agents in Synchronous Group Settings: Eliciting Team Perceptions and Design Considerations for the Future of Workcited by 3
  19. 2023Participatory prompting: a user-centric research method for eliciting AI assistance opportunities in knowledge workflowscited by 2
  20. 2024Mental Models of Meeting Goals: Supporting Intentionality in Meeting Technologiescited by 2
  21. 2024OSINT Clinic: Co-designing AI-Augmented Collaborative OSINT Investigations for Vulnerability Assessmentcited by 2
  22. 2024Intention Is All You Needcited by 2
  23. 2025Content-Driven Local Response: Supporting Sentence-Level and Message-Level Mobile Email Replies With and Without AIcited by 2
  24. 2025Schemex: Discovering Design Patterns from Examples through Iterative Abstraction and Refinementcited by 2
  25. 2025Augmenting Human Cognition With Generative AI: Lessons From AI-Assisted Decision-Makingcited by 2
  26. 2025Supporting AI-Augmented Meta-Decision Making with InDecisioncited by 2
  27. 2025From Overload to Insight: Scaffolding Creative Ideation through Structuring Inspirationcited by 2
  28. 2025Beyond Isolation: Towards an Interactionist Perspective on Human Cognitive Bias and AI Biascited by 2
  29. 2025Who's the Leader? Analyzing Novice Workflows in LLM-Assisted Debugging of Machine Learning Codecited by 2
  30. 2025User-Centered AI for Data Exploration: Rethinking GenAI's Role in Visualizationcited by 1
  31. 2025Purposefully Induced Psychosis (PIP): Embracing Hallucination as Imagination in Large Language Modelscited by 1
  32. 2025Supporting Students' Reading and Cognition with AIcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 7.

7 papers.

  1. 2026Investigating the Effects of LLM Use on Critical Thinking Under Time Constraints: Access Timing and Time Availabilitycited by 4
  2. 2026Orality: A Semantic Canvas for Externalizing and Clarifying Thoughts with Speechcited by 1
  3. 2026Explaining Too Much? Understanding How Large Language Model Reasoning Traces Influence Performance and Metacognitioncited by 1
  4. 2026Plans Work in Mysterious Ways: Evaluating a Plan Mode for Spreadsheet Agentscited by 0
  5. 2026How AI Assistance Affects Human Skill Development: A Study of Learning with Logic Puzzlescited by 0
  6. 2026Beyond "ChatGPT Can Make Mistakes": Designing Interventions to Support Metacognitive Monitoring in AI-Assisted Workcited by 0
  7. 2026Designing Against Deskilling: Metacognitive Feedback Reduces Cognitive Offloading to LLM Assistantscited by 0