mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

MedKGent: A Large Language Model Agent Framework for Constructing Temporally Evolving Medical Knowledge Graph

arXiv 2508.12393 ↗First posted 17 Aug 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 5

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Medical and scientific domain agents

Abstract (arXiv)

The rapid expansion of medical literature challenges the scalable structuring of domain knowledge. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a solution, yet current construction methods lack generalizability and ignore the temporal dynamics of evolving knowledge. To address this, we introduce MedKGent, a Large Language Model (LLM) agent framework for building temporally evolving medical KGs. Using over 10 million PubMed abstracts from 1975 to 2023, MedKGent incrementally constructs a KG daily via two specialized agents. The Extractor Agent identifies knowledge triples and assigns confidence scores, while the Constructor Agent integrates these triples into a temporal graph, reinforcing recurring knowledge and resolving conflicts. The resulting KG contains 156,275 entities and 2,971,384 triples, making it, to our knowledge, the largest LLM-derived medical KG to date. Automated and expert assessments showed triple-validity rates approaching 90%. In downstream evaluations, MedKGent-KG significantly improved retrieval-augmented generation for five LLMs across seven medical question-answering benchmarks. Together, these results position MedKGent as a scalable and temporally aware infrastructure for medical knowledge representation and literature-grounded AI research.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Medical and scientific domain agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 45 of its 91 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Aug 2025.

Builds on

45 of 91 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024KGARevion: An AI Agent for Knowledge-Intensive Biomedical QA7 Oct

Other references · 44

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
  2. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
  3. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,708
  4. 2019BioBERT: a pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text miningcited by 1,947
  5. 2019SciBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Scientific Textcited by 1,414
  6. 2020Domain-Specific Language Model Pretraining for Biomedical Natural Language Processingcited by 1,009
  7. 2020Knowledge Graphscited by 621
  8. 2023Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agentscited by 360
  9. 2024Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicinecited by 331
  10. 2025From System 1 to System 2: A Survey of Reasoning Large Language Modelscited by 320
  11. 2024LightRAG: Simple and Fast Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 315
  12. 2025Confidence Improves Self-Consistency in LLMscited by 113
32 more
  1. 2017Joint Extraction of Entities and Relations Based on a Novel Tagging Schemecited by 102
  2. 2023LLMs for Knowledge Graph Construction and Reasoning: Recent Capabilities and Future Opportunitiescited by 97
  3. 2023MindMap: Knowledge Graph Prompting Sparks Graph of Thoughts in Large Language Modelscited by 73
  4. 2024Extract, Define, Canonicalize: An LLM-based Framework for Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 70
  5. 2024DALK: Dynamic Co-Augmentation of LLMs and KG to answer Alzheimer's Disease Questions with Scientific Literaturecited by 50
  6. 2023PiVe: Prompting with Iterative Verification Improving Graph-based Generative Capability of LLMscited by 44
  7. 2024How Easily do Irrelevant Inputs Skew the Responses of Large Language Models?cited by 44
  8. 2024From human experts to machines: An LLM supported approach to ontology and knowledge graph constructioncited by 40
  9. 2024SAC-KG: Exploiting Large Language Models as Skilled Automatic Constructors for Domain Knowledge Graphscited by 31
  10. 2024PubTator 3.0: an AI-powered Literature Resource for Unlocking Biomedical Knowledgecited by 30
  11. 2024Guiding Clinical Reasoning with Large Language Models via Knowledge Seedscited by 19
  12. 2023PubMed and Beyond: Biomedical Literature Search in the Age of Artificial Intelligencecited by 16
  13. 2024Automated Construction of Theme-specific Knowledge Graphscited by 16
  14. 2024Probabilistic Medical Predictions of Large Language Modelscited by 16
  15. 2024UrbanKGent: A Unified Large Language Model Agent Framework for Urban Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 15
  16. 2024Construction and Application of Materials Knowledge Graph in Multidisciplinary Materials Science via Large Language Modelcited by 15
  17. 2018Natural Language Processing for Information Extractioncited by 14
  18. 2023A Review on Knowledge Graphs for Healthcare: Resources, Applications, and Promisescited by 13
  19. 2024Graphusion: A RAG Framework for Knowledge Graph Construction with a Global Perspectivecited by 12
  20. 2025BRIDGE: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Understanding Real-world Clinical Practice Textcited by 12
  21. 2024iText2KG: Incremental Knowledge Graphs Construction Using Large Language Modelscited by 11
  22. 2024Can LLMs be Good Graph Judge for Knowledge Graph Construction?cited by 11
  23. 2022BIOS: An Algorithmically Generated Biomedical Knowledge Graphcited by 10
  24. 2024Docs2KG: Unified Knowledge Graph Construction from Heterogeneous Documents Assisted by Large Language Modelscited by 9
  25. 2024Graphusion: Leveraging Large Language Models for Scientific Knowledge Graph Fusion and Construction in NLP Educationcited by 9
  26. 2025Biomedical Knowledge Graph: A Survey of Domains, Tasks, and Real-World Applicationscited by 6
  27. 2023CoRTEx: Contrastive Learning for Representing Terms via Explanations with Applications on Constructing Biomedical Knowledge Graphscited by 5
  28. 2024KGValidator: A Framework for Automatic Validation of Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 5
  29. 2024TechGPT-2.0: A large language model project to solve the task of knowledge graph constructioncited by 4
  30. 2024CEAR: Automatic construction of a knowledge graph of chemical entities and roles from scientific literaturecited by 2
  31. 2024A New Perspective on ADHD Research: Knowledge Graph Construction with LLMs and Network Based Insightscited by 1
  32. 2024Customized Information and Domain-centric Knowledge Graph Construction with Large Language Modelscited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

  1. 2026AutoPKG: An Automated Framework for Dynamic E-commerce Product-Attribute Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 1
  2. 2026Closing Reasoning Gaps in Clinical Agents with Differential Reasoning Learningcited by 0
  3. 2026ChronoMedKG: A Temporally-Grounded Biomedical Knowledge Graph and Benchmark for Clinical Reasoningcited by 0
  4. 2026Debate-on-Graph: Reliable and Adaptive Reasoning of Large Language Model on Uncertain Knowledge Graphcited by 0
  5. 2026When More Evidence Hurts: Publication-Bias Drift and Principled Stopping for Biomedical Causal Searchcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Agentic Medical Knowledge Graphs Enhance Medical Question Answering: Bridging the Gap Between LLMs and Evolving Medical Knowledge
  2. 2025Knowledge-Driven Agentic Scientific Corpus Distillation Framework for Biomedical Large Language Models Training
  3. 2026MedZERO: Self-Evolving Agents for Open-Ended Medical Reasoning Through Controlled Knowledge Accumulation
  4. 2026ReGraM: Region-First Knowledge Graph Reasoning for Medical Question Answering
  5. 2025Automated Construction of Medical Indicator Knowledge Graphs Using Retrieval Augmented Large Language Models
  6. 2024KG4Diagnosis: A Hierarchical Multi-Agent LLM Framework with Knowledge Graph Enhancement for Medical Diagnosis
  7. 2024LLM-MedQA: Enhancing Medical Question Answering through Case Studies in Large Language Models
  8. 2024RiTeK: A Dataset for Large Language Models Complex Reasoning over Textual Knowledge Graphs in Medicine