mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

DMOSpeech 2: Reinforcement Learning for Duration Prediction in Metric-Optimized Speech Synthesis

arXiv 2507.14988 ↗First posted 20 Jul 2025eess.AScited by 8

On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music

Abstract (arXiv)

Diffusion-based text-to-speech (TTS) systems have made remarkable progress in zero-shot speech synthesis, yet optimizing all components for perceptual metrics remains challenging. Prior work with DMOSpeech demonstrated direct metric optimization for speech generation components, but duration prediction remained unoptimized. This paper presents DMOSpeech 2, which extends metric optimization to the duration predictor through a reinforcement learning approach. The proposed system implements a novel duration policy framework using group relative preference optimization (GRPO) with speaker similarity and word error rate as reward signals. By optimizing this previously unoptimized component, DMOSpeech 2 creates a more complete metric-optimized synthesis pipeline. Additionally, this paper introduces teacher-guided sampling, a hybrid approach leveraging a teacher model for initial denoising steps before transitioning to the student model, significantly improving output diversity while maintaining efficiency. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate superior performance across all metrics compared to previous systems, while reducing sampling steps by half without quality degradation. These advances represent a significant step toward speech synthesis systems with metric optimization across multiple components. The audio samples, code and pre-trained models are available at https://dmospeech2.github.io/.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 48 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Jul 2025.

Builds on

48 of 54 references.

Closest ancestors · 10

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025F5R-TTS: Improving Flow-Matching based Text-to-Speech with Group Relative Policy Optimization3 Apr
  2. 2024CosyVoice 2: Scalable Streaming Speech Synthesis with Large Language Models13 Dec
  3. 2024DMOSpeech: Direct Metric Optimization via Distilled Diffusion Model in Zero-Shot Speech Synthesis14 Oct
  4. 2024F5-TTS: A Fairytaler that Fakes Fluent and Faithful Speech with Flow Matching9 Oct
  5. 2024StyleTTS-ZS: Efficient High-Quality Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech Synthesis with Distilled Time-Varying Style Diffusion16 Sep
  6. 2024SimpleSpeech 2: Towards Simple and Efficient Text-to-Speech with Flow-based Scalar Latent Transformer Diffusion Models25 Aug
  7. 2024Autoregressive Diffusion Transformer for Text-to-Speech Synthesis8 Jun
  8. 2024NaturalSpeech 3: Zero-Shot Speech Synthesis with Factorized Codec and Diffusion Models5 Mar
  9. 2023StyleTTS 2: Towards Human-Level Text-to-Speech through Style Diffusion and Adversarial Training with Large Speech Language Models13 Jun
  10. 2023NaturalSpeech 2: Latent Diffusion Models are Natural and Zero-Shot Speech and Singing Synthesizers18 Apr

Other references · 38

  1. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  2. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
  3. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 4,057
  4. 2017Decoupled Weight Decay Regularizationcited by 1,831
  5. 2021WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processingcited by 1,657
  6. 2019Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpuscited by 1,384
  7. 2023One-step Diffusion with Distribution Matching Distillationcited by 1,019
  8. 2023Neural Codec Language Models are Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizerscited by 752
  9. 2024Improved Distribution Matching Distillation for Fast Image Synthesiscited by 684
  10. 2022UTMOS: UTokyo-SaruLab System for VoiceMOS Challenge 2022cited by 390
  11. 2023Voicebox: Text-Guided Multilingual Universal Speech Generation at Scalecited by 379
  12. 2024CosyVoice: A Scalable Multilingual Zero-shot Text-to-speech Synthesizer based on Supervised Semantic Tokenscited by 334
26 more
  1. 2024Seed-TTS: A Family of High-Quality Versatile Speech Generation Modelscited by 300
  2. 2021YourTTS: Towards Zero-Shot Multi-Speaker TTS and Zero-Shot Voice Conversion for everyonecited by 278
  3. 2024Emilia: An Extensive, Multilingual, and Diverse Speech Dataset for Large-Scale Speech Generationcited by 204
  4. 2024MaskGCT: Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Masked Generative Codec Transformercited by 161
  5. 2023Vocos: Closing the gap between time-domain and Fourier-based neural vocoders for high-quality audio synthesiscited by 153
  6. 2022NaturalSpeech: End-to-End Text to Speech Synthesis with Human-Level Qualitycited by 152
  7. 2024E2 TTS: Embarrassingly Easy Fully Non-Autoregressive Zero-Shot TTScited by 152
  8. 2024VALL-E 2: Neural Codec Language Models are Human Parity Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizerscited by 122
  9. 2024VoiceCraft: Zero-Shot Speech Editing and Text-to-Speech in the Wildcited by 120
  10. 2025Spark-TTS: An Efficient LLM-Based Text-to-Speech Model with Single-Stream Decoupled Speech Tokenscited by 113
  11. 2022Wespeaker: A Research and Production oriented Speaker Embedding Learning Toolkitcited by 97
  12. 2023FunASR: A Fundamental End-to-End Speech Recognition Toolkitcited by 95
  13. 2021Meta-StyleSpeech : Multi-Speaker Adaptive Text-to-Speech Generationcited by 93
  14. 2025Llasa: Scaling Train-Time and Inference-Time Compute for Llama-based Speech Synthesiscited by 70
  15. 2021SC-GlowTTS: an Efficient Zero-Shot Multi-Speaker Text-To-Speech Modelcited by 56
  16. 2024SpeechAlign: Aligning Speech Generation to Human Preferencescited by 47
  17. 2022AdaSpeech 4: Adaptive Text to Speech in Zero-Shot Scenarioscited by 41
  18. 2025Evaluation of Best-of-N Sampling Strategies for Language Model Alignmentcited by 39
  19. 2022NANSY++: Unified Voice Synthesis with Neural Analysis and Synthesiscited by 38
  20. 2020DiDiSpeech: A Large Scale Mandarin Speech Corpuscited by 33
  21. 2022StyleTTS: A Style-Based Generative Model for Natural and Diverse Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 33
  22. 2025Koel-TTS: Enhancing LLM based Speech Generation with Preference Alignment and Classifier Free Guidancecited by 27
  23. 2024VALL-T: Decoder-Only Generative Transducer for Robust and Decoding-Controllable Text-to-Speechcited by 23
  24. 2024Preference Alignment Improves Language Model-Based TTScited by 21
  25. 2024Enhancing Zero-shot Text-to-Speech Synthesis with Human Feedbackcited by 20
  26. 2024TouchTTS: An Embarrassingly Simple TTS Framework that Everyone Can Touchcited by 10

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 6.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Investigating Group Relative Policy Optimization for Diffusion Transformer based Text-to-Audio Generation
  2. 2025Explore the Reinforcement Learning for the LLM based ASR and TTS system
  3. 2025Direct Preference Optimization for Speech Autoregressive Diffusion Models
  4. 2025Fine-Tuning Text-to-Speech Diffusion Models Using Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback
  5. 2025Multi-Reward GRPO for Stable and Prosodic Single-Codebook TTS LLMs at Scale
  6. 2026Resonate: Reinforcing Text-to-Audio Generation via Online Feedback from Large Audio Language Models ↗
  7. 2026Imitation Learning for Elder-Facing Speech Synthesis
  8. 2024CM-TTS: Enhancing Real Time Text-to-Speech Synthesis Efficiency through Weighted Samplers and Consistency Models