WebGames: Challenging General-Purpose Web-Browsing AI Agents
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce WebGames, a comprehensive benchmark suite designed to evaluate general-purpose web-browsing AI agents through a collection of 50+ interactive challenges. These challenges are specifically crafted to be straightforward for humans while systematically testing the limitations of current AI systems across fundamental browser interactions, advanced input processing, cognitive tasks, workflow automation, and interactive entertainment. Our framework eliminates external dependencies through a hermetic testing environment, ensuring reproducible evaluation with verifiable ground-truth solutions. We evaluate leading vision-language models including GPT-4o, Claude Computer-Use, Gemini-1.5-Pro, and Qwen2-VL against human performance. Results reveal a substantial capability gap, with the best AI system achieving only 43.1% success rate compared to human performance of 95.7%, highlighting fundamental limitations in current AI systems' ability to handle common web interaction patterns that humans find intuitive. The benchmark is publicly available at webgames.convergence.ai, offering a lightweight, client-side implementation that facilitates rapid evaluation cycles. Through its modular architecture and standardized challenge specifications, WebGames provides a robust foundation for measuring progress in development of more capable web-browsing agents.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 20 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Feb 2025.
Builds on
20 of 29 references.
Closest ancestors · 6
Same direction, newest first
- 2024WebVoyager: Building an End-to-End Web Agent with Large Multimodal Models25 Jan
- 2024GPT-4V(ision) is a Generalist Web Agent, if Grounded3 Jan
- 2023LASER: LLM Agent with State-Space Exploration for Web Navigation15 Sep
- 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agents25 Jul
- 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Web9 Jun
- 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agents4 Jul
Other references · 14
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
- 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,193
- 2016OpenAI Gymcited by 1,684
- 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,211
- 2021Dynabench: Rethinking Benchmarking in NLPcited by 447
- 2023A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesiscited by 350
- 2023Set-of-Mark Prompting Unleashes Extraordinary Visual Grounding in GPT-4Vcited by 291
- 2018Reinforcement Learning on Web Interfaces Using Workflow-Guided Explorationcited by 282
- 2024Agent Q: Advanced Reasoning and Learning for Autonomous AI Agentscited by 201
- 2024ARC Prize 2024: Technical Reportcited by 103
- 2023MindAgent: Emergent Gaming Interactioncited by 87
- 2024Enhance Reasoning for Large Language Models in the Game Werewolfcited by 44
2 more
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 5.
12 papers.
- 2025Towards Reasoning Era: A Survey of Long Chain-of-Thought for Reasoning Large Language Modelscited by 381
- 2025BEARCUBS: A benchmark for computer-using web agentscited by 29
- 2026A Subgoal-driven Framework for Improving Long-Horizon LLM Agentscited by 10
- 2025TextAtari: 100K Frames Game Playing with Language Agentscited by 6
- 2025LLM Code Customization with Visual Results: A Benchmark on TikZcited by 5
- 2025HSCodeComp: A Realistic and Expert-level Benchmark for Deep Search Agents in Hierarchical Rule Applicationcited by 5
- 2025WebLists: Extracting Structured Information From Complex Interactive Websites Using Executable LLM Agentscited by 3
- 2026SentinelBench: A Benchmark for Long-Running Monitoring Agentscited by 3
- 2025Building Browser Agents: Architecture, Security, and Practical Solutionscited by 2
- 2026HLL: Can Agents Cross Humanity's Last Line of Verification?cited by 1
- 2026Software Engineering for and with GUI Agentcited by 1
- 2026RunAgent SuperBrowser: A Theory of Autonomous Web Navigation Grounded in Human Browsing Behaviourcited by 0
- 2026Software Engineering for and with GUI Agent10 Aug 2026
- 2026RunAgent SuperBrowser: A Theory of Autonomous Web Navigation Grounded in Human Browsing Behaviour8 Jun 2026
- 2026SentinelBench: A Benchmark for Long-Running Monitoring Agents3 Jun 2026
- 2026HLL: Can Agents Cross Humanity's Last Line of Verification?1 Jun 2026
- 2026A Subgoal-driven Framework for Improving Long-Horizon LLM Agents20 Mar 2026
- 2025Building Browser Agents: Architecture, Security, and Practical Solutions22 Nov 2025
- 2025HSCodeComp: A Realistic and Expert-level Benchmark for Deep Search Agents in Hierarchical Rule Application22 Oct 2025
- 2025TextAtari: 100K Frames Game Playing with Language Agents4 Jun 2025
- 2025LLM Code Customization with Visual Results: A Benchmark on TikZ7 May 2025
- 2025WebLists: Extracting Structured Information From Complex Interactive Websites Using Executable LLM Agents17 Apr 2025
- 2025Towards Reasoning Era: A Survey of Long Chain-of-Thought for Reasoning Large Language Models12 Mar 2025
- 2025BEARCUBS: A benchmark for computer-using web agents10 Mar 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Can Agent Conquer Web? Exploring the Frontiers of ChatGPT Atlas Agent in Web Games
- 2025REAL: Benchmarking Autonomous Agents on Deterministic Simulations of Real Websites
- 2024Beyond Browsing: API-Based Web Agents
- 2026CAP: A Scalable Benchmark for Evaluating Cross-Site Browser Agents with Complex Actions and Perception
- 2024WebSuite: Systematically Evaluating Why Web Agents Fail
- 2026AI Gamestore: Scalable, Open-Ended Evaluation of Machine General Intelligence with Human Games
- 2026Odysseys: Benchmarking Web Agents on Realistic Long Horizon Tasks
- 2025Agentic Web: Weaving the Next Web with AI Agents