mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

The Widespread Adoption of Large Language Model-Assisted Writing Across Society

arXiv 2502.09747 ↗First posted 13 Feb 2025cs.CLcited by 51

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Abstract (arXiv)

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) attracted significant public and policymaker interest in its adoption patterns. In this paper, we systematically analyze LLM-assisted writing across four domains-consumer complaints, corporate communications, job postings, and international organization press releases-from January 2022 to September 2024. Our dataset includes 687,241 consumer complaints, 537,413 corporate press releases, 304.3 million job postings, and 15,919 United Nations (UN) press releases. Using a robust population-level statistical framework, we find that LLM usage surged following the release of ChatGPT in November 2022. By late 2024, roughly 18% of financial consumer complaint text appears to be LLM-assisted, with adoption patterns spread broadly across regions and slightly higher in urban areas. For corporate press releases, up to 24% of the text is attributable to LLMs. In job postings, LLM-assisted writing accounts for just below 10% in small firms, and is even more common among younger firms. UN press releases also reflect this trend, with nearly 14% of content being generated or modified by LLMs. Although adoption climbed rapidly post-ChatGPT, growth appears to have stabilized by 2024, reflecting either saturation in LLM adoption or increasing subtlety of more advanced models. Our study shows the emergence of a new reality in which firms, consumers and even international organizations substantially rely on generative AI for communications.

Key facts. Cited by 51 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 10 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Feb 2025.

Builds on

10 of 48 references.

References · 10

  1. 2021On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Modelscited by 4,033
  2. 2021Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Modelscited by 966
  3. 2023GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writerscited by 178
  4. 2024Monitoring AI-Modified Content at Scale: A Case Study on the Impact of ChatGPT on AI Conference Peer Reviewscited by 164
  5. 2024Mapping the Increasing Use of LLMs in Scientific Paperscited by 118
  6. 2025Which Economic Tasks are Performed with AI? Evidence from Millions of Claude Conversationscited by 96
  7. 2024The Rise of AI-Generated Content in Wikipediacited by 22
  8. 2024Generative AI and Perceptual Harms: Who's Suspected of using LLMs?cited by 11
  9. 2023The Adoption and Efficacy of Large Language Models: Evidence From Consumer Complaints in the Financial Industrycited by 8
  10. 2024Using ChatGPT for Thematic Analysiscited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 24; 2026: 27.

51 papers.

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  1. 2025The Shrinking Landscape of Linguistic Diversity in the Age of Large Language Modelscited by 29
  2. 2025AI-Slop to AI-Polish? Aligning Language Models through Edit-Based Writing Rewards and Test-time Computationcited by 25
  3. 2025Prototypical Human-AI Collaboration Behaviors from LLM-Assisted Writing in the Wildcited by 25
  4. 2025Safety Through Reasoning: An Empirical Study of Reasoning Guardrail Modelscited by 16
  5. 2025Rankers, Judges, and Assistants: Towards Understanding the Interplay of LLMs in Information Retrieval Evaluationcited by 15
  6. 2025Fine-Grained Uncertainty Decomposition in Large Language Models: A Spectral Approachcited by 10
  7. 2025AI use in American newspapers is widespread, uneven, and rarely disclosedcited by 10
  8. 2026Can Good Writing Be Generative? Expert-Level AI Writing Emerges through Fine-Tuning on High-Quality Bookscited by 9
  9. 2025Training-Free Policy Violation Detection via Activation-Space Whitening in LLMscited by 6
  10. 2025Political Ideology Shifts in Large Language Modelscited by 5
  11. 2025Vibe Coding in Product Teams: Reconfiguring AI-Assisted Workflows, Prototyping, and Collaborationcited by 4
  12. 2026The Echo Chamber Multi-Turn LLM Jailbreakcited by 4
38 more
  1. 2025On the Detectability of LLM-Generated Text: What Exactly Is LLM-Generated Text?cited by 3
  2. 2026Emergence of Fragility in LLM-based Social Networks: the Case of Moltbookcited by 2
  3. 2026AI-Associated Lexical Shifts Across 34 Languages: Cross-Lingual Convergence and Diachronic Uptake in News Writingcited by 2
  4. 2025How Persuasive Could LLMs Be? A First Study Combining Linguistic-Rhetorical Analysis and User Experimentscited by 1
  5. 2025Cmprsr: Abstractive Token-Level Question-Agnostic Prompt Compressorcited by 1
  6. 2025The American Ghost in the Machine: How language models align culturally and the effects of cultural promptingcited by 1
  7. 2026The Rise of Large Language Models and the Direction and Impact of US Federal Research Fundingcited by 1
  8. 2026Can We Still Trace L1 Signals? Investigating the Resilience of Native Language Signals in the LLM Eracited by 1
  9. 2026Can You Make It Sound Like You? Post-Editing LLM-Generated Text for Personal Stylecited by 1
  10. 2026LLMs Generate Kitschcited by 1
  11. 2026LLM-Oriented Information Retrieval: A Denoising-First Perspectivecited by 1
  12. 2026Security and Privacy Prompts in the Wild: What Users Ask LLMs and How LLMs Respondcited by 1
  13. 2026Hitting a Moving Target: Test-Time Adaptation for AI Text Detection under Continual Distribution Shiftcited by 1
  14. 2026Belief Coevolution in a Social Network of Generalist and Specialist Large Language Modelscited by 1
  15. 2026Evaluating Large Language Model Performance on International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code Compliancecited by 1
  16. 2026MarkSec: Capability-Aware Evaluation of Adversarial Attacks Against LLM Watermarkscited by 1
  17. 2025Deconstructing Jazz Piano Style Using Machine Learningcited by 0
  18. 2025LongRecall: A Structured Approach for Robust Recall Evaluation in Long-Form Textcited by 0
  19. 2025Finding Diamonds in Conversation Haystacks: A Benchmark for Conversational Data Retrievalcited by 0
  20. 2025Measuring Moral LLM Responses in Multilingual Capacitiescited by 0
  21. 2025In Generative AI We (Dis)Trust? Computational Analysis of Trust and Distrust in Reddit Discussionscited by 0
  22. 2025Future of AI Models: A Computational perspective on Model collapsecited by 0
  23. 2025Large Language Models' Complicit Responses to Illicit Instructions across Socio-Legal Contextscited by 0
  24. 2025HATS: High-Accuracy Triple-Set Watermarking for Large Language Modelscited by 0
  25. 2025BitFlipScope: Scalable Fault Localization and Recovery for Bit-Flip Corruptions in LLMscited by 0
  26. 2025Emissions and Performance Trade-off Between Small and Large Language Modelscited by 0
  27. 2026Structural shifts in institutional participation and collaboration within the AI arXiv preprint research ecosystemcited by 0
  28. 2026RUVA: Personalized Transparent On-Device Graph Reasoningcited by 0
  29. 2026ThaiSafetyBench: Assessing Language Model Safety in Thai Cultural Contextscited by 0
  30. 2026Do Emotions in Prompts Matter? Effects of Emotional Framing on Large Language Modelscited by 0
  31. 2026LLM Nepotism in Organizational Governancecited by 0
  32. 2026Comparing Human and Large Language Model Interpretation of Implicit Informationcited by 0
  33. 2026A Systematic Evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Language Models for Space Operationscited by 0
  34. 2026Understanding Large Language Modelscited by 0
  35. 2026Sympathetic Framing: Evaluating AI Alignment across Sociodemographic Groupscited by 0
  36. 2026LLMs Mirror Country-Specific Gender Patterns If Asked, but Skew Male When Generating Media in Local Languagescited by 0
  37. 2026SlopShape: Identifying AI-Generated Commercial Web Contentcited by 0
  38. 2026AI in Science: Early Insightscited by 0

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