mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

HiLo: A Learning Framework for Generalized Category Discovery Robust to Domain Shifts

arXiv 2408.04591 ↗First posted 8 Aug 2024cs.CV cs.AIcited by 22

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) is a challenging task in which, given a partially labelled dataset, models must categorize all unlabelled instances, regardless of whether they come from labelled categories or from new ones. In this paper, we challenge a remaining assumption in this task: that all images share the same domain. Specifically, we introduce a new task and method to handle GCD when the unlabelled data also contains images from different domains to the labelled set. Our proposed `HiLo' networks extract High-level semantic and Low-level domain features, before minimizing the mutual information between the representations. Our intuition is that the clusterings based on domain information and semantic information should be independent. We further extend our method with a specialized domain augmentation tailored for the GCD task, as well as a curriculum learning approach. Finally, we construct a benchmark from corrupted fine-grained datasets as well as a large-scale evaluation on DomainNet with real-world domain shifts, reimplementing a number of GCD baselines in this setting. We demonstrate that HiLo outperforms SoTA category discovery models by a large margin on all evaluations.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 83 of its 107 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Aug 2024.

Builds on

83 of 107 references.

References · 83

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  3. 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 11,979
  4. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
  5. 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
  6. 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,893
  7. 2015Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Visioncited by 5,451
  8. 2017mixup: Beyond Empirical Risk Minimizationcited by 5,155
  9. 2015Domain-Adversarial Training of Neural Networkscited by 3,023
  10. 2019CutMix: Regularization Strategy to Train Strong Classifiers with Localizable Featurescited by 2,875
  11. 2019Benchmarking Neural Network Robustness to Common Corruptions and Perturbationscited by 2,857
  12. 2020Improved Baselines with Momentum Contrastive Learningcited by 2,282
38 more
  1. 2020FixMatch: Simplifying Semi-Supervised Learning with Consistency and Confidencecited by 2,080
  2. 2013Fine-Grained Visual Classification of Aircraftcited by 1,701
  3. 2021An Empirical Study of Training Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 1,610
  4. 2019MixMatch: A Holistic Approach to Semi-Supervised Learningcited by 1,390
  5. 2020Big Self-Supervised Models are Strong Semi-Supervised Learnerscited by 1,375
  6. 2018Moment Matching for Multi-Source Domain Adaptationcited by 1,327
  7. 2015Learning Transferable Features with Deep Adaptation Networkscited by 1,323
  8. 2018Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximizationcited by 1,265
  9. 2015Scheduled Sampling for Sequence Prediction with Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 779
  10. 2018MINE: Mutual Information Neural Estimationcited by 680
  11. 2016Deep Transfer Learning with Joint Adaptation Networkscited by 609
  12. 2014Deep Domain Confusion: Maximizing for Domain Invariancecited by 597
  13. 2021Domain Generalization with MixStylecited by 563
  14. 2016f-GAN: Training Generative Neural Samplers using Variational Divergence Minimizationcited by 504
  15. 2020Measuring Robustness to Natural Distribution Shifts in Image Classificationcited by 452
  16. 2017Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks: A Tutorial and Surveycited by 427
  17. 2018Dynamic Few-Shot Visual Learning without Forgettingcited by 385
  18. 2021Open-Set Recognition: a Good Closed-Set Classifier is All You Need?cited by 351
  19. 2019Bridging Theory and Algorithm for Domain Adaptationcited by 332
  20. 2016Domain Separation Networkscited by 317
  21. 2022Masked Siamese Networks for Label-Efficient Learningcited by 301
  22. 2021Gradient Matching for Domain Generalizationcited by 258
  23. 2019Learning to Discover Novel Visual Categories via Deep Transfer Clusteringcited by 223
  24. 2022Generalized Category Discoverycited by 209
  25. 2021Open-World Semi-Supervised Learningcited by 165
  26. 2021A Unified Objective for Novel Class Discoverycited by 161
  27. 2022SHIFT: A Synthetic Driving Dataset for Continuous Multi-Task Domain Adaptationcited by 146
  28. 2020Automatically Discovering and Learning New Visual Categories with Ranking Statisticscited by 141
  29. 2019Understanding the Limitations of Variational Mutual Information Estimatorscited by 140
  30. 2020FixBi: Bridging Domain Spaces for Unsupervised Domain Adaptationcited by 124
  31. 2022Exact Feature Distribution Matching for Arbitrary Style Transfer and Domain Generalizationcited by 122
  32. 2021Neighborhood Contrastive Learning for Novel Class Discoverycited by 119
  33. 2021AutoNovel: Automatically Discovering and Learning Novel Visual Categoriescited by 116
  34. 2019Domain Agnostic Learning with Disentangled Representationscited by 107
  35. 2021Novel Visual Category Discovery with Dual Ranking Statistics and Mutual Knowledge Distillationcited by 104
  36. 2022USB: A Unified Semi-supervised Learning Benchmark for Classificationcited by 95
  37. 2020OpenMix: Reviving Known Knowledge for Discovering Novel Visual Categories in An Open Worldcited by 93
  38. 2023Dynamic Conceptional Contrastive Learning for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 90

50 most cited of 83 All 83 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 13; 2026: 8.

22 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025Hyperbolic Category Discoverycited by 20
  2. 2025DebGCD: Debiased Learning with Distribution Guidance for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 14
  3. 2025SEAL: Semantic-Aware Hierarchical Learning for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 7
  4. 2025Generalized Category Discovery via Reciprocal Learning and Class-Wise Distribution Regularizationcited by 6
  5. 2025When Domain Generalization meets Generalized Category Discovery: An Adaptive Task-Arithmetic Driven Approachcited by 5
  6. 2025Category Discovery: An Open-World Perspectivecited by 5
  7. 2025Open-World Deepfake Attribution via Confidence-Aware Asymmetric Learningcited by 5
  8. 2025Generalized Category Discovery under Domain Shift: A Frequency Domain Perspectivecited by 4
  9. 2024DIG-FACE: De-biased Learning for Generalized Facial Expression Category Discoverycited by 3
  10. 2025PartCo: Part-Level Correspondence Priors Enhance Category Discoverycited by 2
  11. 2025Generalized Fine-Grained Category Discovery with Multi-Granularity Conceptual Expertscited by 2
  12. 2025HIDISC: A Hyperbolic Framework for Domain Generalization with Generalized Category Discoverycited by 2
10 more
  1. 2025Video-based Generalized Category Discovery via Memory-Guided Consistency-Aware Contrastive Learningcited by 1
  2. 2026TALON: Test-time Adaptive Learning for On-the-Fly Category Discoverycited by 1
  3. 2026Sparsity Hurts: Simple Linear Adapter Can Boost Generalized Category Discoverycited by 1
  4. 2025Information Theory in Open-world Machine Learning Foundations, Frameworks, and Future Directioncited by 0
  5. 2026FOCUS: Bridging Fine-Grained Recognition and Open-World Discovery across Domainscited by 0
  6. 2026PACO: Proxy-Task Alignment and Online Calibration for On-the-Fly Category Discoverycited by 0
  7. 2026The Devil Is in Gradient Entanglement: Energy-Aware Gradient Coordinator for Robust Generalized Category Discoverycited by 0
  8. 2026Generalized Category Discovery under Domain Shifts: From Vision to Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
  9. 2026CloSeR: Unified Relational Distillation from Closed-Set Teachers for Category Discoverycited by 0
  10. 2026Test-Time Generalized Category Discoverycited by 0