Combining audio control and style transfer using latent diffusion
On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music
Abstract (arXiv)
Deep generative models are now able to synthesize high-quality audio signals, shifting the critical aspect in their development from audio quality to control capabilities. Although text-to-music generation is getting largely adopted by the general public, explicit control and example-based style transfer are more adequate modalities to capture the intents of artists and musicians. In this paper, we aim to unify explicit control and style transfer within a single model by separating local and global information to capture musical structure and timbre respectively. To do so, we leverage the capabilities of diffusion autoencoders to extract semantic features, in order to build two representation spaces. We enforce disentanglement between those spaces using an adversarial criterion and a two-stage training strategy. Our resulting model can generate audio matching a timbre target, while specifying structure either with explicit controls or through another audio example. We evaluate our model on one-shot timbre transfer and MIDI-to-audio tasks on instrumental recordings and show that we outperform existing baselines in terms of audio quality and target fidelity. Furthermore, we show that our method can generate cover versions of complete musical pieces by transferring rhythmic and melodic content to the style of a target audio in a different genre.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 37 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Jul 2024.
Builds on
37 of 43 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Music Style Transfer with Time-Varying Inversion of Diffusion Models21 Feb
- 2024Bass Accompaniment Generation via Latent Diffusion2 Feb
- 2023Noise2Music: Text-conditioned Music Generation with Diffusion Models8 Feb
- 2023AudioLDM: Text-to-Audio Generation with Latent Diffusion Models29 Jan
- 2022Multi-instrument Music Synthesis with Spectrogram Diffusion11 Jun
Other references · 32
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
- 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
- 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 2,994
- 2022Large-scale Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining with Feature Fusion and Keyword-to-Caption Augmentationcited by 707
- 2016CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classificationcited by 701
- 2020Jukebox: A Generative Model for Musiccited by 535
- 2023Simple and Controllable Music Generationcited by 480
- 2021Diffusion Autoencoders: Toward a Meaningful and Decodable Representationcited by 447
- 2023MusicLM: Generating Music From Textcited by 442
20 more
- 2023High-Fidelity Audio Compression with Improved RVQGANcited by 423
- 2018Fr'echet Audio Distance: A Metric for Evaluating Music Enhancement Algorithmscited by 221
- 2018Enabling Factorized Piano Music Modeling and Generation with the MAESTRO Datasetcited by 215
- 2024Fast Timing-Conditioned Latent Audio Diffusioncited by 178
- 2020DDSP: Differentiable Digital Signal Processingcited by 177
- 2016SampleRNN: An Unconditional End-to-End Neural Audio Generation Modelcited by 110
- 2019Cutting Music Source Separation Some Slakh: A Dataset to Study the Impact of Training Data Quality and Quantitycited by 86
- 2023Music ControlNet: Multiple Time-varying Controls for Music Generationcited by 82
- 2021RAVE: A variational autoencoder for fast and high-quality neural audio synthesiscited by 72
- 2020S3VAE: Self-Supervised Sequential VAE for Representation Disentanglement and Data Generationcited by 63
- 2016Creating A Multi-track Classical Musical Performance Dataset for Multimodal Music Analysis: Challenges, Insights, and Applicationscited by 60
- 2021Contrastively Disentangled Sequential Variational Autoencodercited by 34
- 2022A Lightweight Instrument-Agnostic Model for Polyphonic Note Transcription and Multipitch Estimationcited by 27
- 2018A Universal Music Translation Networkcited by 22
- 2021Disentangled Recurrent Wasserstein Autoencodercited by 22
- 2021Self-Supervised VQ-VAE for One-Shot Music Style Transfercited by 13
- 2020Vector-Quantized Timbre Representationcited by 6
- 2022Towards Robust Unsupervised Disentanglement of Sequential Data -- A Case Study Using Music Audiocited by 6
- 2022And what if two musical versions don't share melody, harmony, rhythm, or lyrics ?cited by 3
- 2023Continuous descriptor-based control for deep audio synthesiscited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 1; 2026: 7.
10 papers.
- 2024Editing Music with Melody and Text: Using ControlNet for Diffusion Transformercited by 13
- 2025Efficient and Fast Generative-Based Singing Voice Separation using a Latent Diffusion Modelcited by 2
- 2026DARC: Drum accompaniment generation with fine-grained rhythm controlcited by 2
- 2026Evaluating Disentangled Representations for Controllable Music Generationcited by 1
- 2026Anysynth:Zero-Shot Instrument Cloning via In-Context Learning and Asymmetric Hierarchical Guidancecited by 1
- 2026MusGU+: Toward a Musician-Centered Evaluation Framework and Discovery Tool for Generative Music AIcited by 1
- 2024Annotation-Free MIDI-to-Audio Synthesis via Concatenative Synthesis and Generative Refinementcited by 0
- 2026Remix the Timbre: Diffusion-Based Style Transfer Across Polyphonic Stemscited by 0
- 2026SCAPES: Semantically Conditioned Autoregressive Prior for Environmental Soundscited by 0
- 2026Synthesis and editing of multi-instrument audio mixtures using scalar-quantised latents with MIDI Span conditioningcited by 0
- 2026Synthesis and editing of multi-instrument audio mixtures using scalar-quantised latents with MIDI Span conditioning22 Sep 2026
- 2026SCAPES: Semantically Conditioned Autoregressive Prior for Environmental Sounds4 Sep 2026
- 2026MusGU+: Toward a Musician-Centered Evaluation Framework and Discovery Tool for Generative Music AI31 Aug 2026
- 2026Anysynth:Zero-Shot Instrument Cloning via In-Context Learning and Asymmetric Hierarchical Guidance13 Jul 2026
- 2026Remix the Timbre: Diffusion-Based Style Transfer Across Polyphonic Stems10 May 2026
- 2026Evaluating Disentangled Representations for Controllable Music Generation10 Feb 2026
- 2026DARC: Drum accompaniment generation with fine-grained rhythm control5 Jan 2026
- 2025Efficient and Fast Generative-Based Singing Voice Separation using a Latent Diffusion Model25 Nov 2025
- 2024Annotation-Free MIDI-to-Audio Synthesis via Concatenative Synthesis and Generative Refinement22 Oct 2024
- 2024Editing Music with Melody and Text: Using ControlNet for Diffusion Transformer7 Oct 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Diffusion Timbre Transfer Via Mutual Information Guided Inpainting
- 2024WaveTransfer: A Flexible End-to-end Multi-instrument Timbre Transfer with Diffusion
- 2023Timbre transfer using image-to-image denoising diffusion implicit models
- 2026Pitch-class Steering for Diffusion-based Music Generation via Latent-space Probes
- 2024Diff-A-Riff: Musical Accompaniment Co-creation via Latent Diffusion Models
- 2023Controllable Music Production with Diffusion Models and Guidance Gradients
- 2025Generation of Musical Timbres using a Text-Guided Diffusion Model
- 2024Latent Diffusion Bridges for Unsupervised Musical Audio Timbre Transfer