Noise Doesn't Lie: Towards Universal Detection of Deep Inpainting
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep image inpainting aims to restore damaged or missing regions in an image with realistic contents. While having a wide range of applications such as object removal and image recovery, deep inpainting techniques also have the risk of being manipulated for image forgery. A promising countermeasure against such forgeries is deep inpainting detection, which aims to locate the inpainted regions in an image. In this paper, we make the first attempt towards universal detection of deep inpainting, where the detection network can generalize well when detecting different deep inpainting methods. To this end, we first propose a novel data generation approach to generate a universal training dataset, which imitates the noise discrepancies exist in real versus inpainted image contents to train universal detectors. We then design a Noise-Image Cross-fusion Network (NIX-Net) to effectively exploit the discriminative information contained in both the images and their noise patterns. We empirically show, on multiple benchmark datasets, that our approach outperforms existing detection methods by a large margin and generalize well to unseen deep inpainting techniques. Our universal training dataset can also significantly boost the generalizability of existing detection methods.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 26 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Jun 2021.
Builds on
14 of 26 references.
References · 14
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2 more
- 2020Recurrent Feature Reasoning for Image Inpaintingcited by 107
- 2019Generative Image Inpainting with Submanifold Alignmentcited by 6
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 1; 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 1.
8 papers.
- 2023Perceptual Artifacts Localization for Image Synthesis Taskscited by 43
- 2023Weakly-supervised deepfake localization in diffusion-generated imagescited by 24
- 2024TGIF: Text-Guided Inpainting Forgery Datasetcited by 20
- 2024DeCLIP: Decoding CLIP representations for deepfake localizationcited by 17
- 2025The Change You Want To Detect: Semantic Change Detection In Earth Observation With Hybrid Data Generationcited by 12
- 2021Vision Transformer Based Video Hashing Retrieval for Tracing the Source of Fake Videoscited by 2
- 2022The Change You Want to Seecited by 2
- 2024Mumpy: Multilateral Temporal-view Pyramid Transformer for Video Inpainting Detectioncited by 0
- 2025The Change You Want To Detect: Semantic Change Detection In Earth Observation With Hybrid Data Generation19 Mar 2025
- 2024DeCLIP: Decoding CLIP representations for deepfake localization12 Sep 2024
- 2024TGIF: Text-Guided Inpainting Forgery Dataset16 Jul 2024
- 2024Mumpy: Multilateral Temporal-view Pyramid Transformer for Video Inpainting Detection17 Apr 2024
- 2023Weakly-supervised deepfake localization in diffusion-generated images8 Nov 2023
- 2023Perceptual Artifacts Localization for Image Synthesis Tasks9 Oct 2023
- 2022The Change You Want to See28 Sep 2022
- 2021Vision Transformer Based Video Hashing Retrieval for Tracing the Source of Fake Videos15 Dec 2021