mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ClinicalAgent: Clinical Trial Multi-Agent System with Large Language Model-based Reasoning

arXiv 2404.14777 ↗First posted 23 Apr 2024cs.CL cs.LGcited by 31

On the map: LLM reasoning → Clinical and biomedical applications

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Models (LLMs) and multi-agent systems have shown impressive capabilities in natural language tasks but face challenges in clinical trial applications, primarily due to limited access to external knowledge. Recognizing the potential of advanced clinical trial tools that aggregate and predict based on the latest medical data, we propose an integrated solution to enhance their accessibility and utility. We introduce Clinical Agent System (ClinicalAgent), a clinical multi-agent system designed for clinical trial tasks, leveraging GPT-4, multi-agent architectures, LEAST-TO-MOST, and ReAct reasoning technology. This integration not only boosts LLM performance in clinical contexts but also introduces novel functionalities. The proposed method achieves competitive predictive performance in clinical trial outcome prediction (0.7908 PR-AUC), obtaining a 0.3326 improvement over the standard prompt Method. Publicly available code can be found at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/ClinicalAgent-6671.

Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Clinical and biomedical applications, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 13 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Apr 2024.

Builds on

13 of 27 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Can large language models reason about medical questions?17 Jul

Other references · 12

  1. 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,963
  2. 2019BioBERT: a pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text miningcited by 1,947
  3. 2022Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledgecited by 1,830
  4. 2020What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Examscited by 1,356
  5. 2019PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answeringcited by 1,288
  6. 2022BioGPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer for Biomedical Text Generation and Miningcited by 538
  7. 2019HEAD-QA: A Healthcare Dataset for Complex Reasoningcited by 101
  8. 2021HINT: Hierarchical Interaction Network for Trial Outcome Prediction Leveraging Web Datacited by 49
  9. 2020COMPOSE: Cross-Modal Pseudo-Siamese Network for Patient Trial Matchingcited by 37
  10. 2024Uncertainty Quantification on Clinical Trial Outcome Predictioncited by 19
  11. 2023Deep Learning based Multi-Label Image Classification of Protest Activitiescited by 14
  12. 2024TrialDura: Hierarchical Attention Transformer for Interpretable Clinical Trial Duration Predictioncited by 7

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 16; 2026: 10.

31 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025Latent Collaboration in Multi-Agent Systemscited by 73
  2. 2024LLM-MedQA: Enhancing Medical Question Answering through Case Studies in Large Language Modelscited by 32
  3. 2025AgentDistill: Training-Free Agent Distillation with Generalizable MCP Boxescited by 30
  4. 2025GraphRAG under Firecited by 24
  5. 2024ReflecTool: Towards Reflection-Aware Tool-Augmented Clinical Agentscited by 20
  6. 2025Medical Reasoning in the Era of LLMs: A Systematic Review of Enhancement Techniques and Applicationscited by 10
  7. 2025Code2MCP: Transforming Code Repositories into MCP Servicescited by 10
  8. 2025AUTOCT: Automating Interpretable Clinical Trial Prediction with LLM Agentscited by 9
  9. 2026Autonomous Research Agents: A Survey of AI Scientists and the Verification Gapcited by 9
  10. 2024BioMamba: Domain-Adaptive Biomedical Language Modelscited by 8
  11. 2025MedMMV: A Controllable Multimodal Multi-Agent Framework for Reliable and Verifiable Clinical Reasoningcited by 8
  12. 2025CXRAgent: Director-Orchestrated Multi-Stage Reasoning for Chest X-Ray Interpretationcited by 7
19 more
  1. 2025MTBBench: A Multimodal Sequential Clinical Decision-Making Benchmark in Oncologycited by 6
  2. 2024Retrieval-Reasoning Large Language Model-based Synthetic Clinical Trial Generationcited by 5
  3. 2025CFDLLMBench: A Benchmark Suite for Evaluating Large Language Models in Computational Fluid Dynamicscited by 5
  4. 2026StateBridge: Training-free Hidden-state Alignment for Latent Communication in LLM Multi-Agent Systemscited by 5
  5. 2025Agentic AutoSurvey: Let LLMs Survey LLMscited by 4
  6. 2025Generative AI for Healthcare: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Perspectivescited by 3
  7. 2024Critique of Impure Reason: Unveiling the reasoning behaviour of medical Large Language Modelscited by 2
  8. 2025Training-Free Multimodal Large Language Model Orchestrationcited by 2
  9. 2026CT Open: An Open-Access, Uncontaminated, Live Platform for the Open Challenge of Clinical Trial Outcome Predictioncited by 2
  10. 2025Reviewing Clinical Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models: Training and Beyondcited by 1
  11. 2025MedCoAct: Confidence-Aware Multi-Agent Collaboration for Complete Clinical Decisioncited by 1
  12. 2026Agentic AI in Healthcare & Medicine: A Seven-Dimensional Taxonomy for Empirical Evaluation of LLM-based Agentscited by 1
  13. 2025Expertise-aware Multi-LLM Recruitment and Collaboration for Medical Decision-Makingcited by 0
  14. 2026MedGuards: Multi-Agent System for Reliable Medical Error Detection and Correctioncited by 0
  15. 2026Agentic AI in medicine: architectures, applications, evaluation, and challenges for clinical translationcited by 0
  16. 2026Adaptive Arena-based Contestable Argumentative Network-of-Experts for Open-Ended Care Plan Coordinationcited by 0
  17. 2026Coupled Graph--Policy Distillation for Personalized Medication Safety in Older Adults with Multimorbiditycited by 0
  18. 2026GxP-Agent: Process-DAG Topology for Reliable Clinical Trial Programming with LLM Agentscited by 0
  19. 2026TrialAtlas: Multi-Agent Research Organization for Clinical Trial Design and Optimizationcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026ClinicalAgents: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Clinical Decision Making with Dual-Memory
  2. 2026AgentRx: A Benchmark Study of LLM Agents for Multimodal Clinical Prediction Tasks
  3. 2025RiskAgent: Synergizing Language Models with Validated Tools for Evidence-Based Risk Prediction
  4. 2026GPAgentBench-2K: Benchmarking Large Language Model Agents in Complex Clinical Action Space
  5. 2025A Survey of LLM-based Agents in Medicine: How far are we from Baymax?
  6. 2025MedAgentBoard: Benchmarking Multi-Agent Collaboration with Conventional Methods for Diverse Medical Tasks
  7. 2025Developing Large Language Models for Clinical Research Using One Million Clinical Trials
  8. 2026ClinAgent: A ReAct-Based Agent for Conversational Access to Clinical Trial Information