mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

A Taxonomy for Human-LLM Interaction Modes: An Initial Exploration

arXiv 2404.00405 ↗First posted 30 Mar 2024cs.HCcited by 38

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Abstract (arXiv)

With ChatGPT's release, conversational prompting has become the most popular form of human-LLM interaction. However, its effectiveness is limited for more complex tasks involving reasoning, creativity, and iteration. Through a systematic analysis of HCI papers published since 2021, we identified four key phases in the human-LLM interaction flow - planning, facilitating, iterating, and testing - to precisely understand the dynamics of this process. Additionally, we have developed a taxonomy of four primary interaction modes: Mode 1: Standard Prompting, Mode 2: User Interface, Mode 3: Context-based, and Mode 4: Agent Facilitator. This taxonomy was further enriched using the "5W1H" guideline method, which involved a detailed examination of definitions, participant roles (Who), the phases that happened (When), human objectives and LLM abilities (What), and the mechanics of each interaction mode (How). We anticipate this taxonomy will contribute to the future design and evaluation of human-LLM interaction.

Key facts. Cited by 38 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2024.

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 22; 2026: 10.

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  1. 2025Vibe Coding vs. Agentic Coding: Fundamentals and Practical Implications of Agentic AIcited by 42
  2. 2024IOPO: Empowering LLMs with Complex Instruction Following via Input-Output Preference Optimizationcited by 31
  3. 2024Towards interactive evaluations for interaction harms in human-AI systemscited by 29
  4. 2025LLM-Based Human-Agent Collaboration and Interaction Systems: A Surveycited by 29
  5. 2025BIRD-INTERACT: Re-imagining Text-to-SQL Evaluation for Large Language Models via Lens of Dynamic Interactionscited by 19
  6. 2025ELABORATION: A Comprehensive Benchmark on Human-LLM Competitive Programmingcited by 16
  7. 2024LLM Whisperer: An Inconspicuous Attack to Bias LLM Responsescited by 15
  8. 2025CodeIF-Bench: Evaluating Instruction-Following Capabilities of Large Language Models in Interactive Code Generationcited by 15
  9. 2025An overview of model uncertainty and variability in LLM-based sentiment analysis. Challenges, mitigation strategies and the role of explainabilitycited by 15
  10. 2026CoPE-VideoLM: Leveraging Codec Primitives For Efficient Video Language Modelingcited by 11
  11. 2025From Text to Trust: Empowering AI-assisted Decision Making with Adaptive LLM-powered Analysiscited by 9
  12. 2025EIFBENCH: Extremely Complex Instruction Following Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 9
26 more
  1. 2025A Call for Collaborative Intelligence: Why Human-Agent Systems Should Precede AI Autonomycited by 9
  2. 2025From Conversation to Orchestration: HCI Challenges and Opportunities in Interactive Multi-Agentic Systemscited by 9
  3. 2026Human-AI Co-design for Clinical Prediction Modelscited by 9
  4. 2025OnGoal: Tracking and Visualizing Conversational Goals in Multi-Turn Dialogue with Large Language Modelscited by 7
  5. 2024Can Agents Spontaneously Form a Society? Introducing a Novel Architecture for Generative Multi-Agents to Elicit Social Emergencecited by 5
  6. 2025Embracing Trustworthy Brain-Agent Collaboration as Paradigm Extension for Intelligent Assistive Technologiescited by 5
  7. 2024Exploring Human-LLM Conversations: Mental Models and the Originator of Toxicitycited by 4
  8. 2025How to Enable Effective Cooperation Between Humans and NLP Models: A Survey of Principles, Formalizations, and Beyondcited by 4
  9. 2025Unraveling Human-AI Teaming: A Review and Outlookcited by 4
  10. 2026Feedback by Design: Understanding and Overcoming User Feedback Barriers in Conversational Agentscited by 4
  11. 2025Carbon and Silicon, Coexist or Compete? A Survey on Human-AI Interactions in Agent-based Modeling and Simulationcited by 3
  12. 2025Show or Tell? Modeling the evolution of request-making in Human-LLM conversationscited by 3
  13. 2024Assessing the Impact of Conspiracy Theories Using Large Language Modelscited by 2
  14. 2025Personality Matters: User Traits Predict LLM Preferences in Multi-Turn Collaborative Taskscited by 2
  15. 2025A Case Study Investigating the Role of Generative AI in Quality Evaluations of Epics in Agile Software Developmentcited by 1
  16. 2026LLM-Augmented Semantic Steering of Text Embedding Projection Spacescited by 1
  17. 2026Priming, Path-dependence, and Plasticity: Understanding the molding of user-LLM interaction and its implications from (many) chat logs in the wildcited by 1
  18. 2025DeCoDe: Defer-and-Complement Decision-Making via Decoupled Concept Bottleneck Modelscited by 0
  19. 2025Experimental Analysis of Productive Interaction Strategy with ChatGPT: User Study on Function and Project-level Code Generation Taskscited by 0
  20. 2025Human-AI collaboration or obedient and often clueless AI in instruct, serve, repeat dynamics?cited by 0
  21. 2025Interactive In-Meeting Speaker Correction with Human Feedbackcited by 0
  22. 2026Who Does What? Archetypes of Roles Assigned to LLMs During Human-AI Decision-Makingcited by 0
  23. 2026Alignment has a Fantasia Problemcited by 0
  24. 2026Seeking Information with RAG-Assistants: Does Model Size Matter in Human-AI Collaborations?cited by 0
  25. 2026Intelligent Interaction Techniques (IIxT) - Proposalcited by 0
  26. 2026Alignment Games: A Framework for Conceptual Repair in Human-AI Collaborationcited by 0