mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Assisting in Writing Wikipedia-like Articles From Scratch with Large Language Models

arXiv 2402.14207 ↗First posted 22 Feb 2024cs.CL cs.AIcited by 150

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Cited by 52 in LLM agents and tool use, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

We study how to apply large language models to write grounded and organized long-form articles from scratch, with comparable breadth and depth to Wikipedia pages. This underexplored problem poses new challenges at the pre-writing stage, including how to research the topic and prepare an outline prior to writing. We propose STORM, a writing system for the Synthesis of Topic Outlines through Retrieval and Multi-perspective Question Asking. STORM models the pre-writing stage by (1) discovering diverse perspectives in researching the given topic, (2) simulating conversations where writers carrying different perspectives pose questions to a topic expert grounded on trusted Internet sources, (3) curating the collected information to create an outline. For evaluation, we curate FreshWiki, a dataset of recent high-quality Wikipedia articles, and formulate outline assessments to evaluate the pre-writing stage. We further gather feedback from experienced Wikipedia editors. Compared to articles generated by an outline-driven retrieval-augmented baseline, more of STORM's articles are deemed to be organized (by a 25% absolute increase) and broad in coverage (by 10%). The expert feedback also helps identify new challenges for generating grounded long articles, such as source bias transfer and over-association of unrelated facts.

Key facts. Cited by 150 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Feb 2024.

Builds on

28 of 65 references.

References · 28

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  2. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
  3. 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
  4. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  5. 2023FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generationcited by 1,259
  6. 2021What Makes Good In-Context Examples for GPT-3?cited by 1,184
  7. 2022Measuring and Narrowing the Compositionality Gap in Language Modelscited by 1,054
  8. 2022Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Modelscited by 940
  9. 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 803
  10. 2023In-Context Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 694
  11. 2021Retrieval Augmentation Reduces Hallucination in Conversationcited by 691
  12. 2023Enabling Large Language Models to Generate Text with Citationscited by 584
16 more
  1. 2023Prometheus: Inducing Fine-grained Evaluation Capability in Language Modelscited by 558
  2. 2018Generating Wikipedia by Summarizing Long Sequencescited by 333
  3. 2022Demonstrate-Search-Predict: Composing retrieval and language models for knowledge-intensive NLPcited by 316
  4. 2022Teaching language models to support answers with verified quotescited by 290
  5. 2022TALM: Tool Augmented Language Modelscited by 197
  6. 2022Re3: Generating Longer Stories With Recursive Reprompting and Revisioncited by 193
  7. 2022In-context Examples Selection for Machine Translationcited by 172
  8. 2023Unified Demonstration Retriever for In-Context Learningcited by 141
  9. 2019Asking Clarifying Questions in Open-Domain Information-Seeking Conversationscited by 136
  10. 2023A Critical Evaluation of Evaluations for Long-form Question Answeringcited by 111
  11. 2022Language Models that Seek for Knowledge: Modular Search & Generation for Dialogue and Prompt Completioncited by 102
  12. 2023LongEval: Guidelines for Human Evaluation of Faithfulness in Long-form Summarizationcited by 96
  13. 2023WikiChat: Stopping the Hallucination of Large Language Model Chatbots by Few-Shot Grounding on Wikipediacited by 67
  14. 2023A Survey on Asking Clarification Questions Datasets in Conversational Systemscited by 28
  15. 2023Beyond Summarization: Designing AI Support for Real-World Expository Writing Taskscited by 20
  16. 2020Stay Hungry, Stay Focused: Generating Informative and Specific Questions in Information-Seeking Conversationscited by 19

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 18; 2025: 62; 2026: 70.

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  7. 2025SurveyX: Academic Survey Automation via Large Language Modelscited by 27
  8. 2025From Perception to Cognition: A Survey of Vision-Language Interactive Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 26
  9. 2026SkillGrad: Optimizing Agent Skills Like Gradient Descentcited by 23
  10. 2025LLM-powered Multi-agent Framework for Goal-oriented Learning in Intelligent Tutoring Systemcited by 21
  11. 2026MMDeepResearch-Bench: A Benchmark for Multimodal Deep Research Agentscited by 21
  12. 2025Multimodal DeepResearcher: Generating Text-Chart Interleaved Reports From Scratch with Agentic Frameworkcited by 20
  13. 2025RAPID: Efficient Retrieval-Augmented Long Text Generation with Writing Planning and Information Discoverycited by 19
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  17. 2025TokenCake: A KV-Cache-centric Serving Framework for LLM-based Multi-Agent Applicationscited by 16
  18. 2024Perceptions of Linguistic Uncertainty by Language Models and Humanscited by 15
  19. 2025FreshStack: Building Realistic Benchmarks for Evaluating Retrieval on Technical Documentscited by 15
  20. 2025PhantomWiki: On-Demand Datasets for Reasoning and Retrieval Evaluationcited by 14
  21. 2024ScImage: How Good Are Multimodal Large Language Models at Scientific Text-to-Image Generation?cited by 13
  22. 2025WikiVideo: Article Generation from Multiple Videoscited by 13
  23. 2026According to Me: Long-Term Personalized Referential Memory QAcited by 12
  24. 2024Improving Parallel Program Performance with LLM Optimizers via Agent-System Interfacescited by 11
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  26. 2025ScholarEval: Research Idea Evaluation Grounded in Literaturecited by 10
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  29. 2024Pap2Pat: Benchmarking Outline-Guided Long-Text Patent Generation with Patent-Paper Pairscited by 8
  30. 2025The Power of Personality: A Human Simulation Perspective to Investigate Large Language Model Agentscited by 8
  31. 2025A Fano-Style Accuracy Upper Bound for LLM Single-Pass Reasoning in Multi-Hop QAcited by 8
  32. 2025RhinoInsight: Improving Deep Research through Control Mechanisms for Model Behavior and Contextcited by 8
  33. 2024Alto: Orchestrating Distributed Compound AI Systems with Nested Ancestrycited by 7
  34. 2024MCRanker: Generating Diverse Criteria On-the-Fly to Improve Point-wise LLM Rankerscited by 7
  35. 2024Integrating Planning into Single-Turn Long-Form Text Generationcited by 7
  36. 2025Can LLMs Automate Fact-Checking Article Writing?cited by 7
  37. 2025Advancing the Scientific Method with Large Language Models: From Hypothesis to Discoverycited by 7
  38. 2026DREAM: Deep Research Evaluation with Agentic Metricscited by 7

50 most cited of 150 All 150 (JSON)

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Navigating the Path of Writing: Outline-guided Text Generation with Large Language Models
  2. 2024WIKIGENBENCH: Exploring Full-length Wikipedia Generation under Real-World Scenario
  3. 2025OmniThink: Expanding Knowledge Boundaries in Machine Writing through Thinking
  4. 2026Improving Attributed Long-form Question Answering with Intent Awareness
  5. 2024ResearchArena: Benchmarking Large Language Models' Ability to Collect and Organize Information as Research Agents
  6. 2024LongRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Long-context LLMs
  7. 2025Lost-in-the-Middle in Long-Text Generation: Synthetic Dataset, Evaluation Framework, and Mitigation
  8. 2024Summary of a Haystack: A Challenge to Long-Context LLMs and RAG Systems