AV-SUPERB: A Multi-Task Evaluation Benchmark for Audio-Visual Representation Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
Audio-visual representation learning aims to develop systems with human-like perception by utilizing correlation between auditory and visual information. However, current models often focus on a limited set of tasks, and generalization abilities of learned representations are unclear. To this end, we propose the AV-SUPERB benchmark that enables general-purpose evaluation of unimodal audio/visual and bimodal fusion representations on 7 datasets covering 5 audio-visual tasks in speech and audio processing. We evaluate 5 recent self-supervised models and show that none of these models generalize to all tasks, emphasizing the need for future study on improving universal model performance. In addition, we show that representations may be improved with intermediate-task fine-tuning and audio event classification with AudioSet serves as a strong intermediate task. We release our benchmark with evaluation code and a model submission platform to encourage further research in audio-visual learning.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Sep 2023.
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36 of 45 references.
References · 36
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,339
- 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
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- 2021WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processingcited by 1,609
- 2021Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Videocited by 1,530
- 2018VoxCeleb2: Deep Speaker Recognitioncited by 862
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- 2020VGGSound: A Large-scale Audio-Visual Datasetcited by 641
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24 more
- 2017Look, Listen and Learncited by 452
- 2018LRS3-TED: a large-scale dataset for visual speech recognitioncited by 301
- 2021Layer-wise Analysis of a Self-supervised Speech Representation Modelcited by 293
- 2022Learning Audio-Visual Speech Representation by Masked Multimodal Cluster Predictioncited by 277
- 2022Masked Autoencoders that Listencited by 271
- 2019Self-Supervised Learning by Cross-Modal Audio-Video Clusteringcited by 264
- 2018Cooperative Learning of Audio and Video Models from Self-Supervised Synchronizationcited by 246
- 2016SoundNet: Learning Sound Representations from Unlabeled Videocited by 244
- 2016Lip Reading Sentences in the Wildcited by 226
- 2018Sentence Encoders on STILTs: Supplementary Training on Intermediate Labeled-data Taskscited by 214
- 2021A Large-Scale Study on Unsupervised Spatiotemporal Representation Learningcited by 214
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- 2021VALUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark for Video-and-Language Understanding Evaluationcited by 95
- 2022HEAR: Holistic Evaluation of Audio Representationscited by 77
- 2022SUPERB-SG: Enhanced Speech processing Universal PERformance Benchmark for Semantic and Generative Capabilitiescited by 76
- 2022MAViL: Masked Audio-Video Learnerscited by 56
- 2020Parameter Efficient Multimodal Transformers for Video Representation Learningcited by 52
- 2021Space-Time Crop & Attend: Improving Cross-modal Video Representation Learningcited by 31
- 2020Disentangled Speech Embeddings using Cross-modal Self-supervisioncited by 30
- 2022SUPERB @ SLT 2022: Challenge on Generalization and Efficiency of Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learningcited by 26
- 2022How Severe is Benchmark-Sensitivity in Video Self-Supervised Learning?cited by 23
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- 2023A Large-Scale Analysis on Self-Supervised Video Representation Learningcited by 5
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 7; 2025: 8; 2026: 4.
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- 2024Frieren: Efficient Video-to-Audio Generation Network with Rectified Flow Matchingcited by 52
- 2024HiCMAE: Hierarchical Contrastive Masked Autoencoder for Self-Supervised Audio-Visual Emotion Recognitioncited by 30
- 2024On the Evaluation of Speech Foundation Models for Spoken Language Understandingcited by 9
- 2026AQUA-Bench: Beyond Finding Answers to Knowing When There Are None in Audio Question Answeringcited by 6
- 2025Chinese-LiPS: A Chinese audio-visual speech recognition dataset with Lip-reading and Presentation Slidescited by 4
- 2025The ML-SUPERB 2.0 Challenge: Towards Inclusive ASR Benchmarking for All Language Varietiescited by 4
- 2026Walking Through Uncertainty: An Empirical Study of Uncertainty Estimation for Audio-Aware Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2024MultiMAE-DER: Multimodal Masked Autoencoder for Dynamic Emotion Recognitioncited by 3
- 2024Measuring Sound Symbolism in Audio-visual Modelscited by 3
- 2025Multifaceted Evaluation of Audio-Visual Capability for MLLMs: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Generalizability and Robustnesscited by 3
- 2025TS-SUPERB: A Target Speech Processing Benchmark for Speech Self-Supervised Learning Modelscited by 3
- 2026The Lipreading Gap: Do VSR Models Perceive Visual Speech Like Human Lipreaders?cited by 3
7 more
- 2025SAMO: A Lightweight Sharpness-Aware Approach for Multi-Task Optimization with Joint Global-Local Perturbationcited by 1
- 2025Protecting Bystander Privacy via Selective Hearing in Audio LLMscited by 1
- 2024Comparison of Conventional Hybrid and CTC/Attention Decoders for Continuous Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 0
- 2024Movie2Story: A framework for understanding videos and telling stories in the form of novel textcited by 0
- 2025Contra4: Evaluating Contrastive Cross-Modal Reasoning in Audio, Video, Image, and 3Dcited by 0
- 2025CLARGA: Multimodal Graph Representation Learning over Arbitrary Sets of Modalitiescited by 0
- 2026On the Fallacy of Global Token Perplexity in Spoken Language Model Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026The Lipreading Gap: Do VSR Models Perceive Visual Speech Like Human Lipreaders?5 Jun 2026
- 2026Walking Through Uncertainty: An Empirical Study of Uncertainty Estimation for Audio-Aware Large Language Models28 Apr 2026
- 2026AQUA-Bench: Beyond Finding Answers to Knowing When There Are None in Audio Question Answering18 Jan 2026
- 2026On the Fallacy of Global Token Perplexity in Spoken Language Model Evaluation9 Jan 2026
- 2025CLARGA: Multimodal Graph Representation Learning over Arbitrary Sets of Modalities10 Dec 2025
- 2025Protecting Bystander Privacy via Selective Hearing in Audio LLMs6 Dec 2025
- 2025The ML-SUPERB 2.0 Challenge: Towards Inclusive ASR Benchmarking for All Language Varieties8 Sep 2025
- 2025SAMO: A Lightweight Sharpness-Aware Approach for Multi-Task Optimization with Joint Global-Local Perturbation10 Jul 2025
- 2025Contra4: Evaluating Contrastive Cross-Modal Reasoning in Audio, Video, Image, and 3D2 Jun 2025
- 2025TS-SUPERB: A Target Speech Processing Benchmark for Speech Self-Supervised Learning Models10 May 2025
- 2025Chinese-LiPS: A Chinese audio-visual speech recognition dataset with Lip-reading and Presentation Slides21 Apr 2025
- 2025Multifaceted Evaluation of Audio-Visual Capability for MLLMs: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Generalizability and Robustness3 Apr 2025
7 more
- 2024Movie2Story: A framework for understanding videos and telling stories in the form of novel text19 Dec 2024
- 2024Measuring Sound Symbolism in Audio-visual Models18 Sep 2024
- 2024On the Evaluation of Speech Foundation Models for Spoken Language Understanding14 Jun 2024
- 2024Frieren: Efficient Video-to-Audio Generation Network with Rectified Flow Matching1 Jun 2024
- 2024MultiMAE-DER: Multimodal Masked Autoencoder for Dynamic Emotion Recognition28 Apr 2024
- 2024Comparison of Conventional Hybrid and CTC/Attention Decoders for Continuous Visual Speech Recognition20 Feb 2024
- 2024HiCMAE: Hierarchical Contrastive Masked Autoencoder for Self-Supervised Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition11 Jan 2024
- 2024HiCMAE: Hierarchical Contrastive Masked Autoencoder for Self-Supervised Audio-Visual Emotion Recognitioncited by 30
- 2024On the Evaluation of Speech Foundation Models for Spoken Language Understandingcited by 9
- 2026AQUA-Bench: Beyond Finding Answers to Knowing When There Are None in Audio Question Answeringcited by 6
- 2025Chinese-LiPS: A Chinese audio-visual speech recognition dataset with Lip-reading and Presentation Slidescited by 4
- 2025The ML-SUPERB 2.0 Challenge: Towards Inclusive ASR Benchmarking for All Language Varietiescited by 4
- 2026Walking Through Uncertainty: An Empirical Study of Uncertainty Estimation for Audio-Aware Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2024MultiMAE-DER: Multimodal Masked Autoencoder for Dynamic Emotion Recognitioncited by 3
- 2024Measuring Sound Symbolism in Audio-visual Modelscited by 3
- 2025TS-SUPERB: A Target Speech Processing Benchmark for Speech Self-Supervised Learning Modelscited by 3
- 2026The Lipreading Gap: Do VSR Models Perceive Visual Speech Like Human Lipreaders?cited by 3
- 2025SAMO: A Lightweight Sharpness-Aware Approach for Multi-Task Optimization with Joint Global-Local Perturbationcited by 1
- 2025Protecting Bystander Privacy via Selective Hearing in Audio LLMscited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026The Lipreading Gap: Do VSR Models Perceive Visual Speech Like Human Lipreaders?5 Jun 2026
- 2026Walking Through Uncertainty: An Empirical Study of Uncertainty Estimation for Audio-Aware Large Language Models28 Apr 2026
- 2026AQUA-Bench: Beyond Finding Answers to Knowing When There Are None in Audio Question Answering18 Jan 2026
- 2026On the Fallacy of Global Token Perplexity in Spoken Language Model Evaluation9 Jan 2026
- 2025CLARGA: Multimodal Graph Representation Learning over Arbitrary Sets of Modalities10 Dec 2025
- 2025Protecting Bystander Privacy via Selective Hearing in Audio LLMs6 Dec 2025
- 2025The ML-SUPERB 2.0 Challenge: Towards Inclusive ASR Benchmarking for All Language Varieties8 Sep 2025
- 2025SAMO: A Lightweight Sharpness-Aware Approach for Multi-Task Optimization with Joint Global-Local Perturbation10 Jul 2025
- 2025Contra4: Evaluating Contrastive Cross-Modal Reasoning in Audio, Video, Image, and 3D2 Jun 2025
- 2025TS-SUPERB: A Target Speech Processing Benchmark for Speech Self-Supervised Learning Models10 May 2025
- 2025Chinese-LiPS: A Chinese audio-visual speech recognition dataset with Lip-reading and Presentation Slides21 Apr 2025
- 2024Movie2Story: A framework for understanding videos and telling stories in the form of novel text19 Dec 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)