Autoregressive Diffusion Model for Graph Generation
On the map: Diffusion models → Flow matching, time series and science
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion-based graph generative models have recently obtained promising results for graph generation. However, existing diffusion-based graph generative models are mostly one-shot generative models that apply Gaussian diffusion in the dequantized adjacency matrix space. Such a strategy can suffer from difficulty in model training, slow sampling speed, and incapability of incorporating constraints. We propose an autoregressive diffusion model for graph generation. Unlike existing methods, we define a node-absorbing diffusion process that operates directly in the discrete graph space. For forward diffusion, we design a diffusion ordering network, which learns a data-dependent node absorbing ordering from graph topology. For reverse generation, we design a denoising network that uses the reverse node ordering to efficiently reconstruct the graph by predicting the node type of the new node and its edges with previously denoised nodes at a time. Based on the permutation invariance of graph, we show that the two networks can be jointly trained by optimizing a simple lower bound of data likelihood. Our experiments on six diverse generic graph datasets and two molecule datasets show that our model achieves better or comparable generation performance with previous state-of-the-art, and meanwhile enjoys fast generation speed.
Key facts. Cited by 82 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Flow matching, time series and science, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 37 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Jul 2023.
Builds on
37 of 54 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2022Diffusion Models for Graphs Benefit From Discrete State Spaces4 Oct
- 2022DiGress: Discrete Denoising diffusion for graph generation29 Sep
- 2022Score-based Generative Modeling of Graphs via the System of Stochastic Differential Equations5 Feb
- 2020Permutation Invariant Graph Generation via Score-Based Generative Modeling2 Mar
Other references · 33
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
- 2017Graph Attention Networkscited by 8,854
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
- 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
- 2021Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spacescited by 1,665
- 2018Junction Tree Variational Autoencoder for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 647
- 2021Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge with Applications to Score-Based Generative Modelingcited by 594
- 2021Argmax Flows and Multinomial Diffusion: Learning Categorical Distributionscited by 566
- 2018GraphRNN: Generating Realistic Graphs with Deep Auto-regressive Modelscited by 406
- 2018MolGAN: An implicit generative model for small molecular graphscited by 392
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- 2018GraphVAE: Towards Generation of Small Graphs Using Variational Autoencoderscited by 375
- 2018Graph Convolutional Policy Network for Goal-Directed Molecular Graph Generationcited by 363
- 2020GraphAF: a Flow-based Autoregressive Model for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 301
- 2019Efficient Graph Generation with Graph Recurrent Attention Networkscited by 231
- 2018Learning Deep Generative Models of Graphscited by 227
- 2021Autoregressive Diffusion Modelscited by 208
- 2020Hierarchical Generation of Molecular Graphs using Structural Motifscited by 204
- 2018Fr'echet ChemNet Distance: A metric for generative models for molecules in drug discoverycited by 191
- 2020MoFlow: An Invertible Flow Model for Generating Molecular Graphscited by 183
- 2018Constrained Graph Variational Autoencoders for Molecule Designcited by 182
- 2021GraphDF: A Discrete Flow Model for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 177
- 2019Don't Blame the ELBO! A Linear VAE Perspective on Posterior Collapsecited by 120
- 2019GraphNVP: An Invertible Flow Model for Generating Molecular Graphscited by 115
- 2018Graphite: Iterative Generative Modeling of Graphscited by 112
- 2022SPECTRE: Spectral Conditioning Helps to Overcome the Expressivity Limits of One-shot Graph Generatorscited by 96
- 2021GraphEBM: Molecular Graph Generation with Energy-Based Modelscited by 85
- 2018Constrained Generation of Semantically Valid Graphs via Regularizing Variational Autoencoderscited by 74
- 2022A Survey on Deep Graph Generation: Methods and Applicationscited by 69
- 2019Mol-CycleGAN - a generative model for molecular optimizationcited by 66
- 2020Scalable Deep Generative Modeling for Sparse Graphscited by 63
- 2021Order Matters: Probabilistic Modeling of Node Sequence for Graph Generationcited by 32
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 33; 2025: 28; 2026: 17.
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- 2026Mitigating topology biases in Graph Diffusion via Counterfactual Intervention2 Mar 2026
- 2026Flowette: Flow Matching with Graphette Priors for Graph Generation27 Feb 2026
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- 2025Adaptive Destruction Processes for Diffusion Samplers2 Jun 2025
- 2025Learning Flexible Forward Trajectories for Masked Molecular Diffusion22 May 2025
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- 2024Molecular relaxation by reverse diffusion with time step predictioncited by 9
- 2024GLAD: Improving Latent Graph Generative Modeling with Simple Quantizationcited by 8
- 2024HYGENE: A Diffusion-based Hypergraph Generation Methodcited by 8
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