mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Autoregressive Diffusion Model for Graph Generation

arXiv 2307.08849 ↗First posted 17 Jul 2023cs.AI cs.LGcited by 82

On the map: Diffusion models → Flow matching, time series and science

Abstract (arXiv)

Diffusion-based graph generative models have recently obtained promising results for graph generation. However, existing diffusion-based graph generative models are mostly one-shot generative models that apply Gaussian diffusion in the dequantized adjacency matrix space. Such a strategy can suffer from difficulty in model training, slow sampling speed, and incapability of incorporating constraints. We propose an autoregressive diffusion model for graph generation. Unlike existing methods, we define a node-absorbing diffusion process that operates directly in the discrete graph space. For forward diffusion, we design a diffusion ordering network, which learns a data-dependent node absorbing ordering from graph topology. For reverse generation, we design a denoising network that uses the reverse node ordering to efficiently reconstruct the graph by predicting the node type of the new node and its edges with previously denoised nodes at a time. Based on the permutation invariance of graph, we show that the two networks can be jointly trained by optimizing a simple lower bound of data likelihood. Our experiments on six diverse generic graph datasets and two molecule datasets show that our model achieves better or comparable generation performance with previous state-of-the-art, and meanwhile enjoys fast generation speed.

Key facts. Cited by 82 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Flow matching, time series and science, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 37 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Jul 2023.

Builds on

37 of 54 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Diffusion Models for Graphs Benefit From Discrete State Spaces4 Oct
  2. 2022DiGress: Discrete Denoising diffusion for graph generation29 Sep
  3. 2022Score-based Generative Modeling of Graphs via the System of Stochastic Differential Equations5 Feb
  4. 2020Permutation Invariant Graph Generation via Score-Based Generative Modeling2 Mar

Other references · 33

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  3. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  4. 2017Graph Attention Networkscited by 8,854
  5. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  6. 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
  7. 2021Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spacescited by 1,665
  8. 2018Junction Tree Variational Autoencoder for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 647
  9. 2021Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge with Applications to Score-Based Generative Modelingcited by 594
  10. 2021Argmax Flows and Multinomial Diffusion: Learning Categorical Distributionscited by 566
  11. 2018GraphRNN: Generating Realistic Graphs with Deep Auto-regressive Modelscited by 406
  12. 2018MolGAN: An implicit generative model for small molecular graphscited by 392
21 more
  1. 2018GraphVAE: Towards Generation of Small Graphs Using Variational Autoencoderscited by 375
  2. 2018Graph Convolutional Policy Network for Goal-Directed Molecular Graph Generationcited by 363
  3. 2020GraphAF: a Flow-based Autoregressive Model for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 301
  4. 2019Efficient Graph Generation with Graph Recurrent Attention Networkscited by 231
  5. 2018Learning Deep Generative Models of Graphscited by 227
  6. 2021Autoregressive Diffusion Modelscited by 208
  7. 2020Hierarchical Generation of Molecular Graphs using Structural Motifscited by 204
  8. 2018Fr'echet ChemNet Distance: A metric for generative models for molecules in drug discoverycited by 191
  9. 2020MoFlow: An Invertible Flow Model for Generating Molecular Graphscited by 183
  10. 2018Constrained Graph Variational Autoencoders for Molecule Designcited by 182
  11. 2021GraphDF: A Discrete Flow Model for Molecular Graph Generationcited by 177
  12. 2019Don't Blame the ELBO! A Linear VAE Perspective on Posterior Collapsecited by 120
  13. 2019GraphNVP: An Invertible Flow Model for Generating Molecular Graphscited by 115
  14. 2018Graphite: Iterative Generative Modeling of Graphscited by 112
  15. 2022SPECTRE: Spectral Conditioning Helps to Overcome the Expressivity Limits of One-shot Graph Generatorscited by 96
  16. 2021GraphEBM: Molecular Graph Generation with Energy-Based Modelscited by 85
  17. 2018Constrained Generation of Semantically Valid Graphs via Regularizing Variational Autoencoderscited by 74
  18. 2022A Survey on Deep Graph Generation: Methods and Applicationscited by 69
  19. 2019Mol-CycleGAN - a generative model for molecular optimizationcited by 66
  20. 2020Scalable Deep Generative Modeling for Sparse Graphscited by 63
  21. 2021Order Matters: Probabilistic Modeling of Node Sequence for Graph Generationcited by 32

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 33; 2025: 28; 2026: 17.

82 papers.

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  1. 2024InstructScene: Instruction-Driven 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis with Semantic Graph Priorcited by 110
  2. 2024Discrete-state Continuous-time Diffusion for Graph Generationcited by 73
  3. 2024EchoScene: Indoor Scene Generation via Information Echo over Scene Graph Diffusioncited by 66
  4. 2025Assemble Your Crew: Automatic Multi-agent Communication Topology Design via Autoregressive Graph Generationcited by 57
  5. 2024Cometh: A continuous-time discrete-state graph diffusion modelcited by 29
  6. 2025Learning-Order Autoregressive Models with Application to Molecular Graph Generationcited by 29
  7. 2023Sparse Training of Discrete Diffusion Models for Graph Generationcited by 26
  8. 2024Pard: Permutation-Invariant Autoregressive Diffusion for Graph Generationcited by 25
  9. 2024Generative Modelling of Structurally Constrained Graphscited by 17
  10. 2023GraphMaker: Can Diffusion Models Generate Large Attributed Graphs?cited by 15
  11. 2023A Simple and Scalable Representation for Graph Generationcited by 15
  12. 2024EditRoom: LLM-parameterized Graph Diffusion for Composable 3D Room Layout Editingcited by 14
38 more
  1. 2024Advancing Graph Generation through Beta Diffusioncited by 13
  2. 2024Can Graph Neural Networks Learn Language with Extremely Weak Text Supervision?cited by 13
  3. 2025Flatten Graphs as Sequences: Transformers are Scalable Graph Generatorscited by 12
  4. 2024A Graph is Worth K Words: Euclideanizing Graph using Pure Transformercited by 10
  5. 2024A Directional Diffusion Graph Transformer for Recommendationcited by 9
  6. 2024Molecular relaxation by reverse diffusion with time step predictioncited by 9
  7. 2024GLAD: Improving Latent Graph Generative Modeling with Simple Quantizationcited by 8
  8. 2024HYGENE: A Diffusion-based Hypergraph Generation Methodcited by 8
  9. 2024LayerDAG: A Layerwise Autoregressive Diffusion Model for Directed Acyclic Graph Generationcited by 8
  10. 2024Reviving Life on the Edge: Joint Score-Based Graph Generation of Rich Edge Attributescited by 6
  11. 2024InstructLayout: Instruction-Driven 2D and 3D Layout Synthesis with Semantic Graph Priorcited by 6
  12. 2024Chemistry-Inspired Diffusion with Non-Differentiable Guidancecited by 6
  13. 2025HOG-Diff: Higher-Order Guided Diffusion for Graph Generationcited by 6
  14. 2025Learning Flexible Forward Trajectories for Masked Molecular Diffusioncited by 6
  15. 2025Adaptive Destruction Processes for Diffusion Samplerscited by 6
  16. 2025PowerGrow: Feasible Co-Growth of Structures and Dynamics for Power Grid Synthesiscited by 5
  17. 2026RADAR: Redundancy-Aware Diffusion for Multi-Agent Communication Structure Generationcited by 5
  18. 2024SubGDiff: A Subgraph Diffusion Model to Improve Molecular Representation Learningcited by 4
  19. 2024Diffusion Twigs with Loop Guidance for Conditional Graph Generationcited by 4
  20. 2025Robust Optimization with Diffusion Models for Green Securitycited by 4
  21. 2025Symmetry-Aware GFlowNetscited by 4
  22. 2025Graph Diffusion that can Insert and Deletecited by 4
  23. 2023EDGE++: Improved Training and Sampling of EDGEcited by 3
  24. 2024Improving Molecule Generation and Drug Discovery with a Knowledge-enhanced Generative Modelcited by 3
  25. 2024Instruction-Based Molecular Graph Generation with Unified Text-Graph Diffusion Modelcited by 3
  26. 2025Graph Defense Diffusion Modelcited by 3
  27. 2025Backdoor Attacks on Discrete Graph Diffusion Modelscited by 3
  28. 2025Diffusion-Free Graph Generation with Next-Scale Predictioncited by 3
  29. 2024Diffusion-based Graph Generative Methodscited by 2
  30. 2024Any-Property-Conditional Molecule Generation with Self-Criticism using Spanning Treescited by 2
  31. 2024Random Walk Diffusion for Efficient Large-Scale Graph Generationcited by 2
  32. 2024From Graph Diffusion to Graph Classificationcited by 2
  33. 2025Fast Graph Generation via Autoregressive Noisy Filtration Modelingcited by 2
  34. 2025Overcoming Dimensional Factorization Limits in Discrete Diffusion Models through Quantum Joint Distribution Learningcited by 2
  35. 2025Augmenting generative models with biomedical knowledge graphs improves targeted drug discoverycited by 2
  36. 2026Flowette: Flow Matching with Graphette Priors for Graph Generationcited by 2
  37. 2026Unrestrained Simplex Denoising for Discrete Data. A Non-Markovian Approach Applied to Graph Generationcited by 2
  38. 2024GraphRCG: Self-Conditioned Graph Generationcited by 1

50 most cited of 82 All 82 (JSON)

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  3. 2023Generative Diffusion Models on Graphs: Methods and Applications
  4. 2025Graph Representation Learning with Diffusion Generative Models
  5. 2026Discrete Diffusion for Large Graph Generation via Structural Candidate Restriction
  6. 2022Fast Graph Generation via Spectral Diffusion
  7. 2026Generative Diffusion Models of Stochastic Graph Signals
  8. 2023Directional diffusion models for graph representation learning